P2P online lending, or peer-to-peer lending, refers to direct lending between individuals through the Internet platform. It is a sub-category of the Internet finance (ITFIN) industry. P2P network credit originated in Britain, and then developed to the United States, Germany and other countries. Its typical model is: online credit companies provide a platform for borrowers and lenders to bid freely to reach a deal. In the traditional P2P model, the online lending platform only provides services such as information exchange and information value appraisal that are conducive to the completion of transactions, and does not substantially participate in the interest chain of lending. There is a direct creditor-debtor relationship between borrowers and lenders, and the online lending platform maintains its operation by charging certain fees to borrowers and lenders. In China, because the citizen credit system is not standardized, it is difficult for the traditional P2P model to protect the interests of investors. Once overdue, investors will lose everything. Therefore, in the continuous exploration and practice of P2P online lending, it is suggested that friends and relatives should be introduced into credit loans for joint guarantee, and mortgages or pledges should be introduced into other loans for counter-guarantee. At the same time, the enterprise loan project introduces a third-party financing guarantee company to audit and guarantee the project principal and interest, and requires that its guarantee scale should match the guarantor's guarantee amount, and the guarantor should also strengthen its own risk control management. Online lending, also known as P2P online lending. P2P is the abbreviation of English peerpeer, which means "person to person".
What are the modes of P2P online lending?
What are the modes of P2P online lending?
China P2P online lending platform model can be mainly divided into the following categories:
Pure platform model and creditor's rights transfer model
According to different lending processes, P2P online lending can be divided into pure platform mode and creditor's rights transfer mode.
Under the pure platform mode, the relationship between borrowers and lenders is realized through direct contact and one-time bidding on the platform.
The creditor's rights transfer mode means that the borrower and the borrower do not directly sign the creditor's rights and debts contract, but first lend the funds to the fund demanders through the third party individual, and then the third party individual transfers the creditor's rights to the investors.
Pure online mode and online-offline combination mode
Due to the imperfection of the domestic credit information system, most P2P online lending platforms are transferred from online to offline in the process of user acquisition, credit review and financing. Therefore, the operation mode of P2P online lending platform is divided into pure online mode and online-offline combination mode.
Pure online mode, the whole business such as user development, credit review, contract signing and loan collection is mainly completed online.
The vast majority of P2P companies adopt a combination of online and offline mode, that is, P2P online lending companies mainly put loan transactions online, while mainly put loan review and post-loan management online and offline, according to the traditional review and management methods.
Unsafe mode and safe mode
According to the guarantee mechanism, P2P online lending platform can be divided into unsecured mode and secured mode.
In the unsecured mode, the platform only plays the role of information matching, and the loans provided are unsecured credit loans.
The guarantee mode can be divided into third-party guarantee mode and platform-owned guarantee mode.
The third-party guarantee mode means that P2P online lending platform cooperates with third-party guarantee institutions, and its principal guarantee services are all completed by external guarantee institutions, and P2P online lending platform no longer participates in risks.
What are the p2p online lending models?
Pure platform model and creditor's rights transfer model
Pure online mode and mutual loan and other online and offline combination modes.
Unsafe mode and safe mode
What are the joining modes of p2p online lending platform?
There should be two joining modes of P2P online lending platform, one is business type and the other is platform type. The business type is that the platform and licensor are linked with investment and financing customers, the headquarters controls the business, and the licensor develops the business for the headquarters and obtains the profit share. The advantage of this model is that the platform can no longer be restricted by regional financing customers. Even if the platform is headquartered in Beijing, it can accept the application of Changchun financing customers, provided that the headquarters has a local licensor. The platform type is a whole platform, and each licensee divides the region and operates the background independently, so that all licensees in each region can conduct business on their own platforms. The advantages of platform type are resource sharing, business development and risk sharing, which is conducive to making the platform stronger and bigger and achieving long-term goals. P2p platform financing loan
What are the modes of P2P online lending?
1. Information processing and risk assessment are conducted through networking.
Second, the term and quantity of capital supply and demand match, and the supply and demand sides do not need to trade directly through intermediaries such as banks or brokers.
Third, the unification of super centralized payment system and personal mobile payment.
Fourth, product simplification.
5. The financial market is completely Internet-based, and the transaction cost is very low.
More importantly, market participants are more popular, and the huge benefits brought by Internet financial market transactions benefit ordinary people more generally.
What are the modes of p2p online lending?
According to different lending processes, P2P online lending can be divided into pure platform mode and creditor's rights transfer mode.
According to the guarantee mechanism, P2P online lending platform can be divided into unsecured mode and secured mode.
What kinds of DJs are there in P2P online lending platform?
Pure platform model and creditor's rights transfer model
According to different lending processes, P2P online lending can be divided into pure platform mode and creditor's rights transfer mode.
Under the pure platform mode, the relationship between borrowers and lenders is realized through direct contact and one-time bidding on the platform.
The creditor's rights transfer mode means that the borrower and the borrower do not directly sign the creditor's rights and debts contract, but first lend the funds to the fund demanders through the third party individual, and then the third party individual transfers the creditor's rights to the investors. This model was initiated by CreditEase Company in China.
Pure online mode and online-offline combination mode
Due to the imperfection of domestic credit information system, most P2P online lending platforms change the process of user acquisition, credit review and financing from online to offline, P2P.
Therefore, the operation mode of online lending platform is divided into pure online mode and online-offline combination mode.
Pure online mode, the whole business such as user development, credit review, contract signing and loan collection is mainly completed online.
P2P companies mostly adopt the mode of combining online and offline, that is, P2P.
Online lending companies mainly put lending transactions online, but mainly put lending audit and post-lending management online and offline, according to the traditional audit and management methods.
Unsafe mode and safe mode
According to the guarantee mechanism, P2P online lending platform can be divided into unsecured mode and secured mode.
In the unsecured mode, Tuotian fast loan platform only plays the role of information matching, and all the loans provided are unsecured credit loans.
The guarantee mode can be divided into third-party guarantee mode and platform-owned guarantee mode.
The third-party guarantee mode means that P2P online lending platform cooperates with third-party guarantee institutions, and its principal guarantee services are all completed by external guarantee institutions, and P2P online lending platform no longer participates in risks.
What are the risk control modes of P2P online lending, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each mode?
First, the mortgage risk reserve model:
After the borrower fills in the information, the credit consultant pays a return visit to verify that the real estate must be fully mortgaged, all projects are registered in the housing management office, and loan notarization and compulsory notarization are carried out in the notary office. After the approval, the lender bids through the platform, and can choose to withdraw cash after the investment expires, and the creditor's rights can be transferred during the investment period. At present, this model is adopted in financing loans, and all loans must be mortgaged with the full value of houses and cars, which is different from most platforms and is conducive to the lender's capital guarantee.
Second, the credit loan mode:
It is a typical online P2P lending model. The borrower issues loan information, and multiple lenders decide whether to lend according to the authentication information and credit status provided by the borrower. The website only serves as a trading platform.
Third, the guarantee method:
The operation mode belongs to P2P lending mode guaranteed by the website. The borrower issues loan information, and multiple lenders decide whether to lend according to the authentication information and credit status provided by the borrower. However, the website provides principal guarantee for borrowers who become VIP users.
Four. Risk reserve mode:
Mainly for intermediary services, borrowers release loan information, and lenders choose whether to borrow according to the borrower information. At the same time, it is a fund pool model, where lenders purchase plans, automatically bid to borrowers, and funds are recycled.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) risk reserve model for creditor's rights transfer;
This model is a transaction model of creditor's rights transfer. The platform lends money to users who need to borrow in advance, and then splits and combines the obtained creditor's rights into fixed-income products, and then sells them to investment and wealth management customers through the sales team.
What are the investment models of P2P online lending?
The level of income does not mean security. Different repayment methods of P2P platform affect personal investment income. P2P investment and financial management related terms, P2P platform is selected according to the establishment time.
What is p2p and p2c? What's the difference?
P2P is the abbreviation of English peertopeer, which means "person to person". The so-called P2P online lending means that individuals borrow from each other through the network platform, lenders publish loan requirements on the P2P website, investors lend funds to lenders through the website, and pay a certain intermediary fee to the P2P online lending platform to complete the transaction. P2C(personal tocompany) is the abbreviation of personal to company, which refers to an operation mode in which individuals borrow money to invest in the business of large companies through the Internet platform. During the operation of the project, the investment interest will be returned every month, and the principal will be returned automatically after the project is completed. It is another innovative model after P2P. Its advantage lies in that it is individuals who borrow money from the media to invest in the business of reputable large companies, while traditional P2P is person-to-person (or small enterprises). The biggest advantage of online lending is that borrowers who are difficult to be covered by traditional banks can fully enjoy the efficiency and convenience of loans in the virtual world.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of P2P peer-to-peer lending platform?
Peer-to-peer lending (100% principal guarantee) (maximum annual conversion rate of 20%) (minimum from 50 yuan)
Peer-to-peerlending, or peer-to-peer credit, refers to a new business operation mode in which social subjects lend their own funds to lenders by using the network platform of intermediaries. It is the development of private lending from "offline" to
The result of "online" is the embodiment of citizens' exercise of property rights. With the development of network technology, the formal financing channels are limited, the acquaintance society is deconstructed, the inflation rate is rising, the investment mode is limited, and the personal credit information system is limited.
The continuous improvement of P2P promotes the emergence and development of P2P peer-to-peer lending.
Online loan investment has the following characteristics:
1. The investment threshold is low.
In addition to the minimum investment requirement of 654.38 million yuan in lufax, the investment threshold of most online lending platforms is as low as that of 50 yuan. Compared with the high threshold of trust and bank wealth management products, online loan investment is a low-threshold mass wealth management product, which is suitable for investors from all walks of life.
2. The investment income is stable.
As a loan product with agreed interest rate, online loan investment has relatively stable income. Referring to the lending rate level of China's online loans in recent five years, on average, the overall rate of return is around 20%. Of course, with the recent emergence of new platforms with more marketing activities, the overall rate of return has an upward trend. The interest rate level of mainstream online lending platforms has steadily declined.
3. The investment period can be freely planned.
Online loan investment can choose the investment period according to its own needs and the actual situation in the future. Many platforms also allow investors to borrow money on the platform with unexpired investment as a guarantee to cope with unpredictable funds.
Demand. This allows the liquidity of online loan investment to be released. Investors can choose the investment period with reference to the future capital demand, or borrow money on the platform to withdraw cash temporarily and quickly. Encounter all kinds of funds in real life
Demand.
4. Systemic risk is the main risk of online loan investment.
As a form of networked private lending, the main risk of online lending investment is that if
If the borrower can't pay back the money, the investor may lose the principal. But in China, many online lending platforms act as financial intermediaries and guarantors. If the borrower fails to repay the loan within the time limit, the online loan platform will go first.
Paying the principal or principal and interest in advance allows investors to avoid the credit risk of the borrower's overdue repayment, and all the risks are only whether the online lending platform itself is reliable and whether the platform itself can withstand the pressure of overdue. As long as the platform exists
Now, investors have no risk of losing their principal.
Under the background of inflation, complex economic situation and few investment channels for investors to make money, the advantages of online loan investment have emerged.
First of all, compared with the depressed China stock market, depressed open-end funds and various private equity products, as well as low-yield savings and banking products that are closely related to CPI, the yield of online loan investment is stable and maintains a high level.
Secondly, the liquidity of online loan investment can be enhanced through reasonable planning, which is much stronger than trust products and has many similarities. In some platforms that can borrow net worth, apply for withdrawal in the morning, and the funds will reach the investor's bank card at noon or afternoon. The actual liquidity is stronger than that of the money fund.
Third, the lowest investment threshold allows everyone to enjoy the benefits of investment, which is impossible for most other investment tools, especially high-threshold trusts and bank wealth management products.
Fourth, compared with futures and other margin financing and securities lending products, the risk of online loan investment is moderate, and the risk is completely within the tolerance of ordinary people through diversification.
Finally, the requirements for investors are low. Online loan investment does not require much investment technology and experience. In the case that most platforms are guaranteed, you only need to choose a safe investment platform to get stable income. Moreover, some platforms have automatic bidding function, which can be set up without online automatic bidding, which is suitable for investors who don't have time to surf the Internet.
The online lending platform is a new stage in China, just beginning, beware of being cheated! Without the protection of laws and regulations, it is difficult to protect the rights and interests of wealth managers, so be careful, careful, careful, careful, careful!
Recommend several articles to prevent being cheated! Learn more, and the industry will have high returns after painful struggle!
First, the status of P2P peer-to-peer lending
Peer to peer network
P2P lending has developed rapidly since it was born in China in 2005, showing the development trend of doubling the number of business entities, expanding the coverage, expanding the scale of funds and increasing the number of participants. According to the existing P2P
The operation mode of P2P lending can be roughly divided into three categories: the first category, pure intermediary type. The operating subject of P2P peer-to-peer lending only acts as an intermediary between the borrower and the lender, and is responsible for reviewing the borrower's information without sharing it.
The risk that the borrower cannot repay the loan. The second category, composite intermediary type. The borrower and the operator bear the risks and the borrower's principal is guaranteed. By strengthening the credit review of borrowers, operators can ensure their timely repayment and reduce their own
Bad debt rate. The third category, compound intermediary and public welfare. This kind of operators have some special features in the subject of lending, mainly for college students, with the color of poverty alleviation.
Two, five types of P2P peer-to-peer lending.
Peer-to-peer lending is inherently "hard" (such as unclear nature and lack of supervision) and has its own unique characteristics (strong concealment and wide coverage). Taking the activities in the field of traditional private lending as a mirror, people are inevitably worried whether P2P peer-to-peer lending will become another "hardest hit" of the activities.
( 1)
The orientation of the subject is not clear, walking in the gray area. According to the Measures for Banning Illegal Financial Institutions and Illegal Financial Business Activities, illegal financial business activities refer to activities that illegally absorb public funds without the approval of the People's Bank of China.
Financial activities such as public deposits or disguised absorption of public deposits. Article 174 1 of the Criminal Law stipulates the crime of setting up financial institutions without authorization. Peer-to-peer lending has not been approved by the relevant financial regulatory authorities, although peer-to-peer lending has not.
The nature of commercial banks, but most of the business entities are responsible for managing the lender's funds themselves, and lending after reviewing the lender's conditions. This kind of behavior is similar to the savings and loan business of commercial banks, and it will inevitably become an economy.
Fear of criminal behavior may constitute the crime of setting up financial institutions without authorization.
(two) the source of funds can not be verified, to facilitate the crime. Article 19 1 of the Criminal Law stipulates that a crime requires behavior.
People know that their actions are to cover up the illegal gains of crimes, conceal their sources and nature, and deliberately do it for the benefit, and hope that this result will happen. The cash flow of P2P loans circulates outside the bank's fund supervision system and becomes
The secret, safe and fast track for criminals. However, P2P peer-to-peer lending operators only pay attention to the review of the borrower's use of funds, and it is difficult to verify the lender's source of funds, so it is difficult to determine the subjective intention of the crime.
Therefore, the behavior of business entities and lenders cannot be characterized by crime.
(3) The borrower's credit check system is not perfect, and crimes occur from time to time. P2P loan operators have realized the rights of lenders.
The function of borrower's credit audit, the existing audit content is mostly limited to personal identity information, work certificate, bank flow, fund use, contact information and so on. , but the above information is easy to forge in the network, and the information reviewer
Failure to have full recognition ability is likely to lead borrowers to escape by defrauding loans with forged information. At the same time, peer-to-peer lending operators will also misappropriate the lender's funds, resulting in the result of "empty buildings"
The interests of employers are not guaranteed.
(4) It is easy for stakeholders to commit crimes. Peer-to-peer lending has the characteristics of involving a large number of people, wide geographical scope, strong concealment, supervision vacuum and imperfect credit review.
Collecting public deposits, raising funds and other stakeholders provide a protective barrier, and at the same time increase the difficulty of public security organs in investigating and cracking down on crimes, which is of great social harm. Without the approval of the competent authority, it shall not be specified to the society.
If the object absorbs a large amount of funds in a way that exceeds the legal interest rate, it constitutes the crime of illegally absorbing public deposits. If the illegally raised funds are squandered, fled, used for illegal crimes, etc., it constitutes fund-raising for the purpose of illegal possession.
Sin.
(e) High return on investment leads to high-interest loans. Article 175 of the criminal law stipulates the crime of lending at high interest. Most of the interest rates finally determined by peer-to-peer lending through negotiation exceed
After that, the interest rate of bank loans at the same level was four times. The high return on investment will inevitably induce opportunistic people to take credit funds from financial institutions and then transfer them to peer-to-peer lending platforms for profit.
Interest, which constitutes the crime of usury.
Third, the prevention and control measures in P2P peer-to-peer lending.
(A) change management thinking and attach importance to the self-circulation system of the market economy. straight
Subsequent government supervision may not bring better results than market and enterprise solving problems. Therefore, we should regulate private lending behavior through legal means rather than rough administrative intervention, and give full play to the regulatory role of the market as much as possible.
Reduce the excessive interference of public rights in the operation of private rights, and let them find a path suitable for their own development through exploration.
(2) Accelerate the formulation and improvement of relevant laws and regulations. By enacting the Money Lenders Ordinance,
Measures for the Administration of Peer-to-Peer Lending, etc. , which stipulates the nature, status, organizational form, regulatory body, operating standards, access and exit mechanism of peer-to-peer lending, and guides the industry to develop in a healthy and orderly direction.
At the same time, it can also provide judgment basis for law enforcement agencies, so that there are laws to follow and the abuse of administrative power can be avoided. At the same time, the existing laws should be revised, the boundary between crime and non-crime of private financing behavior should be pointed out, and the key points should be clearly cracked down.
(3)
Establish an effective user identification mechanism. Accurate verification of users' personal information is a necessary prerequisite for P2P lending to become bigger and stronger. P2P lending operators should fulfill their social responsibilities and promise to prevent violations within their power.
The obligation of criminal activities. Accurately verify the user's identity information, source of funds, loan purposes, social relations, credit records, interest rate level and repayment situation, and notify relevant functional departments in time if any abnormality is found.
Take precautions before they happen.
(4) Strengthen the construction of network security. The process of peer-to-peer lending will involve the user's personal privacy and personal property rights. Therefore, it is necessary to upgrade peer-to-peer lending.
The confidentiality technology of customer information, personal information involved in the transaction process should be handled by a special person, destroyed in time, and an emergency plan for customer information disclosure should be formulated. Once information is leaked, it should be handled in time to reduce losses.
Minimize.
(5) Pay attention to the collection of electronic evidence. P2P lending activities are mostly carried out through virtual networks, so electronic evidence has become the key evidence type to support litigation proof activities. Because electronic evidence is easy to be destroyed, easily changed and difficult to be extracted, peer-to-peer lending operators should make a good backup of relevant transaction records to improve the awareness of electronic evidence extraction and protection.
(6) The network supervision department of the public security organ strengthens supervision. Public security organs make use of their existing network supervision advantages, set scientific and reasonable supervision indicators, build a long-term mechanism to simultaneously crack down on and prevent illegal financial activities, and conduct real-time dynamic monitoring of peer-to-peer lending websites. If they find anything unusual, they should check with other departments in time to nip the activities of stakeholders in the bud.
(7)
Intensify social propaganda and expose the common tricks of criminals. Based on profit-seeking psychology, the public may ignore the illegality of related behaviors and discuss the common types and habits of crimes through TV, radio, newspapers, internet and other media.
Carry out multi-level and multi-angle propaganda with technical and dynamic characteristics, improve the identification and prevention ability of the masses and relevant units, and urge them to consciously carry out criminal activities.
(eight) to develop more widely,
Diversified investment channels. The high-pressure regulation and control policy of the real estate market has discouraged many prospective investors, and the stock market downturn has disheartened the public investment groups, the inflation rate has risen, the profit return rate of industrial investment is low, and other investments.
Products are also far from the public's vision, which makes some investors enter the field of peer-to-peer lending. Therefore, opening up new investment channels and creating a good investment atmosphere are also feasible measures to spread the risks in the field of private lending and improve the investment and financing environment.
Measures.
I hope it helps you.
What is p2p credit?
What is p2p credit?
P2p is actually a kind of financial intermediary, both online and offline. Its function is to connect people who have spare money to invest with those who need funds. The money they lent you is actually someone else's money, not the company's own. In fact, P2P renting is very similar to real estate agency.
Remind you to get a regular loan to avoid being cheated. Regular institutions generally don't charge you any fees before lending, and remind you to repay in full and on time to avoid leaving overdue records. It's best to choose some people with background strength. My investment is green easy loan.
Peer-to-peer credit refers to individuals who have the idea of capital and financial investment, and use credit loans to lend funds to other people who have borrowing needs through third-party network platforms.
The so-called P2P online loan, according to the official documents of the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the Microfinance Alliance. To put it simply, individuals with money and financial investment ideas lend money to other people with borrowing needs through intermediaries. Among them, the intermediary agency is responsible for conducting a detailed investigation on the borrower's economic benefits, management level and development prospects, and collecting income such as account management fees and service fees. This mode of operation is based on the contract law, which is actually a private lending method. As long as the loan interest rate does not exceed 4 times the bank's loan interest rate for the same period, it is legal.
What is the source code of P2P credit information system development?
P2p peer-to-peer lending, the development source code of p2p credit information system, is a new type of peer-to-peer lending, which is deeply loved by investors with its unique transfer standard mode and is more suitable for investment guarantee companies to operate.
For example, Monti's online loan system is developed by j2ee technology, which is a B/S architecture and efficiently developed by sping and struts2. java security is the highest financial security system.
Advantages of developing original code stream in p2p credit system;
1. Investors subscribe immediately, which takes effect immediately and bears interest immediately. These funds will not stand idly by.
2. There is no gap period of funds, no bidding failure, so that investors can get the best return on their funds.
How does P2P credit work?
That is, there are both borrowers and borrowers, and you trade through a platform. The lender's money is put on this platform, and it is also lent to you by this platform. The platform is generally a company, which will give you a credit rating, depending on how much to lend you and how many periods to lend.
What p2p credits are there in Luoyang?
It is recommended to apply for loans through bank channels. If you have a savings card of China Merchants Bank, you can log in to China Merchants Bank Mobile Banking and click "Home → All → Loan → I want a loan → Good Term Loan" to try to apply.
Loan amount: the minimum is not less than 500 yuan, and the maximum is 200,000 yuan, but the specific amount is subject to the results displayed by the system after your application is approved;
Repayment method: equal repayment of principal and interest;
Loan term: March, June, 12, 18 and 24 months are supported;
Borrowing cost: the daily interest rate is 0.045%, please refer to the actual display in the interface; There is no platform service fee.
What are the p2p credit platforms?
Find a platform, and then find a project that suits you. I heard that Jia E's P2P loan has a good income.
How to develop p2p credit information system?
Identify your goals and collect relevant information. The goal of building P2P peer-to-peer lending platform has been determined, and relevant information needs to be collected. For example, the construction of Damon's p2p credit information platform, the user demand of p2p credit information system platform, the development prospect of credit information system platform and so on. _ The purpose of collecting relevant information is: 1. Planning website: How to develop and produce p2p credit platform software, and what contents may be included. 2. User experience: understand the needs of users, and from the user's point of view, the experience will be better.
Make a p2p credit platform program development plan. At this stage, it is necessary to work out the manpower, material resources, expenses and time required for the development of the whole p2p credit platform, as well as the architecture diagram, modules and database production of the whole credit platform scheme. This step is more important, and it can get twice the result with half the effort.
According to the plan, the p2p credit platform system started. Front page design, background program design, database table design and so on. All these require the joint efforts of the development and technical teams. The code should be serious, because in the development and production of p2p credit platform system, every bug may cause heavy losses, and every system loophole may cause hacker attacks. Therefore, every p2p credit platform development company must have a strong technical development team. In this step, careful unity is the most important.
Is bank credit much worse than P2P credit?
Hello, that's for sure. If you want a loan, you must first choose a bank. If the interest rate of investment and bank deposit is too low, the P2P investment income will be much higher. My loan in Credit Cooperatives is almost 15% annualized, and the general annualized rate of bank deposits is around 2.5%.
What are the characteristics of P2P credit?
1: Low investment threshold