As a key link of land reform, Shenzhen took the lead in exploring the marketization of urban renewal as early as 20 19. In order to further try to solve the difficult problem of demolition, on March 1 this year, the Regulations on Urban Renewal of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone implemented and created the system of "individual expropriation administrative litigation", which is also the first urban renewal legislation in China.
After Shenzhen took the lead in urban renewal legislation, Guangzhou and Shanghai followed closely and put urban renewal legislation on the agenda. On July 7 this year, the Guangzhou Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau issued the Regulations on Urban Renewal in Guangzhou (Draft for Comment), which provided a strong legal and regulatory guarantee for the future development of urban renewal in Guangzhou. On August 10, the Shanghai Urban Renewal Regulations (Draft) was also open to the public for comments.
With the continuous development of local practice, urban renewal has a richer connotation. People's Daily Finance found that since the beginning of this year, the heat of urban renewal has continued to rise, with Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shanghai and other places as representatives, and gradually formed an urban renewal mechanism with local characteristics. In addition, many cities have clearly incorporated urban renewal into their construction plans and actively explored new development models.
What are the policies related to urban renewal introduced in various places at present? What are the highlights? What should we do next?
In June, a new round of urban renewal policy has been launched in many places, accelerating the pace of renewal. People's Daily Finance noted that many cities, such as Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Zhuhai and Chongqing, have issued implementation plans or guidance opinions on urban renewal.
Take Shanghai as an example. On June 2nd, Shanghai announced that it was the first to set up the largest urban renewal fund in China. It is understood that the total scale of Shanghai Urban Renewal Fund is about 80 billion yuan, which is the largest urban renewal fund in China at present. It will be used to invest in old district reconstruction and urban renewal projects, with the aim of speeding up the balance of funds for old district reconstruction and promoting the optimization of Shanghai's urban functions, people's livelihood security, quality improvement and style protection.
In fact, since the Shanghai Urban Renewal Center was officially unveiled in Shanghai Real Estate Group in July last year, it has explored and established a new model of "functional state-owned enterprises participating in the transformation of old districts, promoting government-enterprise cooperation with market mechanisms, and implementing the renewal of megacities".
The Guiding Opinions of the Beijing Municipal People's Government on the Implementation of Urban Renewal Action (hereinafter referred to as the Guiding Opinions) issued by the Beijing Municipal Government has the characteristics of the capital, including six main renewal methods such as the renewal of bungalows (courtyards) in the functional core area of the capital, supplemented by supporting policies such as planning policies and land policies.
According to the Guiding Opinions, the core functional areas of the capital are mainly protected and updated, while the central urban areas are mainly reduced and upgraded. Sub-centers and new towns in plain areas undertake the functions of central urban areas in combination with urban renewal, while ecological conservation areas undertake urban functions suitable for green ecological development in combination with urban renewal.
It is worth noting that this edition of the Guiding Opinions points out the promotion principle of urban renewal, that is, "planning leads, people's livelihood gives priority; Government-driven, market operation; Public participation, * * construction * * enjoyment; Pilots go first and advance in an orderly manner. " The Guiding Opinions also particularly emphasizes "encouraging and guiding market players to participate in urban renewal and forming a diversified renewal model", which provides a special policy window for attracting social capital to participate in urban renewal.
In addition, Zhuhai City implemented the upgraded version of the Management Measures for Urban Renewal of Zhuhai Special Economic Zone on July 15, which showed three highlights: lowering the threshold for starting demolition projects, and reducing the proportion of owners or shareholders who agreed to demolition from the original 90% to more than 2/3; Conditionally release the demolition and construction projects of small plots, breaking through the restriction that the land for demolition and construction should not be less than 1 000 square meters; The first credit management and renovation project exit mechanism requires the competent department of urban renewal to establish a credit system, manage the credit record information of enterprises, institutions, social organizations, other organizations and individuals participating in urban renewal activities and publish it according to law.
There are further moves in Shenzhen. On July 30th, Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources publicly solicited opinions on the Provisions on Expropriation of Unsigned Houses for Urban Renewal in Shenzhen (Draft for Comment), and planned to establish a two-way communication mechanism for basic information of urban renewal projects, standardize housing expropriation procedures, implement the relevant contents of the Regulations on Urban Renewal in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, and strive to break through the difficulties of demolition.
According to the analysis of the Central Reference Institute, on the whole, all parts of China have entered a period of rapid development of urban renewal. Due to the different development levels and planning orientation of different cities, the top-level design and implementation details of urban renewal vary greatly from place to place, and there are also differences in land policy, approval process and implementation methods.
In the development mode, according to the different urban positioning, the plans issued by various places are unique, and the multi-local policy is also encouraging development enterprises and various franchisees to participate in urban renewal.
According to Qin Hong, director of the Urban Renewal Research Center of the National Development Research Institute of China Renmin University and former director of the Policy Research Center of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, "the key path for enterprises to implement urban organic renewal lies in taking science and technology as the driving force, taking industry as the core, taking culture as the soul, taking design as the beauty and giving priority to operation. Local governments should set up special coordination agencies for urban renewal projects, build information communication platforms, give priority to the construction of supporting infrastructure, provide financial support for renewal projects, connect resources with enterprises and financial institutions, and attract investment.
"Behind urban renewal is not only transformation, but also the support of funds, the introduction of funds, and how to better finance participating enterprises related to urban renewal." Yan Yuejin, research director of the think tank center of Yiju Research Institute, said that in addition to the transformation of old residential areas, urban renewal also involves cultural protection, protection and restoration of ancient buildings and many other contents, including old factories and old streets.
In addition, the Central Reference Institute also pointed out that there will be three major trends in the future urban renewal policy: First, the number of cities that have introduced urban renewal policies will continue to increase, especially in first-and second-tier cities. The introduction of policies will first focus on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing and other urban agglomerations; Second, the mode differentiation, but the overall emphasis on market-oriented operation; Third, supporting policies such as planning, land and capital were accelerated, and some cities increased their efforts.