Ordinary investors indirectly purchase stock indexes by purchasing related index funds or stock index futures. Each index fund has a corresponding index, which is generally a component index (the number of stocks is fixed), such as Shanghai and Shenzhen 3, Shanghai 5 and Shanghai 18.

compared with the purchase of index funds, the threshold for investors to buy stock index futures is higher, which requires investors to have a balance of available funds in the margin account of not less than RMB 5, for five consecutive trading days; It has accumulated 1 trading days and more than 2 simulated trading records of stock index futures, or has more than 1 trading records of commodity futures in the last three years. To apply for an account.

Index fund is a fund product that takes a specific index (such as Shanghai and Shenzhen 3 Index, S&P 5 Index, Nasdaq 1 Index, Nikkei 225 Index, etc.) as the underlying index, and takes the constituent stocks of this index as the investment object, and builds a portfolio by purchasing all or part of the constituent stocks of this index to track the performance of the underlying index. There are more and more index funds in the market, and it is more and more difficult to choose index funds. When choosing index funds, investors need to pay more attention to two points: on the one hand, it is as difficult to find such an index as to choose stocks; On the other hand, the index fund with smaller investment tracking error is selected. The fund with smaller tracking error shows that the stronger the management ability of the fund manager, the more investors can achieve the goal of obtaining index return. The investment operation of index funds is a process of tracking the index by buying the constituent stocks (or other securities) of the index, which mainly includes opening positions, reinvesting and tracking adjustment.