Source: 1. "Ben Jing".

2. "Ben Cao Tu Jing": Gentian has yellow-white perennial roots and more than ten roots, similar to Achyranthes bidentata.

Seedlings grow straight up, more than a foot tall.

The leaves are born in April and are as thin as willow leaves.

The stem is like a small bamboo branch.

In July, it blooms like morning glories. The flowers are bell-shaped and green in color.

Seeds after winter.

The seedlings will wither.

Collect the roots and dry them in the shade in February, August, November and December.

There is also mountain gentian in central Zhejiang. It has a bitter taste. Take the root and grind it finely. Take the natural ginger juice and soak it overnight to remove its properties. Bake it, pound it, and decoct it in water. Take it warmly to treat pain in the limbs.

There is no time to harvest, and the leaves are not carved by the frost and snow. These are the same kind but different species.

The Pinyin name Lonɡ Dǎn is also known as Lingyou, grass gentian, gentian, bitter gentian, ground gall grass, gall grass, mountain gentian, four-leaf gall, and water gentian. Source of medicinal materials: Gentian, a plant in the Gentianaceae family.

, roots and rhizomes of Gentian striata, Gentian three-flowered and Gentian yunnanensis.

Latin plant, animal and mineral names: 1. Gentiana scabra Bunge2.

Gentiana manshurica Kitag.

3.

Gentiana TCMLIBiflora Pall.

4.

Gentiana rigescens Franch.ex Hemsl.[G.Rigescens Franch.ex Hemsl.var.

Stictantha Marq.

Harvesting and storage: Excavate in spring and autumn. The quality is better in mid-to-late October in autumn. Select the larger ones, remove the stems and leaves, wash and dry.

Small ones can be used as seeds.

Original form 1. Perennial herb, 30-60cm tall.

The rhizome is short, with many slender roots clustered on it, up to 30cm long.

The flower stems are solitary and unbranched.

The leaves are opposite; sessile; the lower leaves are scale-like, connate at the base, 5-10mm long, the middle and upper leaves are nearly leathery, the leaves are ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2.5-7cm long, 0.7-3cm wide, with an apex.

Sharp or long acuminate, heart-shaped or rounded at the base, dark green on the surface, light on the underside, with outwardly rolled and rough edges; 3-5 veins.

There are many flowers, clustered on the tops of branches and leaf axils, without pedicels; there are 2 lanceolate or linear-lanceolate bracts under each flower, 2-2.5cm long; the calyx is bell-shaped, 2.5-3cm long, with 5 lobes at the apex, often

Externally reflexed or spreading, irregular; corolla tubular bell-shaped, blue-purple, 4-5.5cm long, sometimes with many yellow-green spots on the throat, corolla apex with 5 lobes, lobes ovate, triangular pleats; stamens 5, inserted on

In the middle of the flower tube, the base of the filaments is wide; the ovary is narrowly oval or draped, 1-1.4cm long, the ovary stalk is about 1cm long, the style is short, and the stigma is 2-lobed.

The capsule is inside, oblong and has a handle.

The seeds are numerous, brown, shiny, reticulated, and have broad wings at both ends.

The flowering period is from August to September, and the fruiting period is from September to October.

2. The difference between this species and Gentian is that the leaves are thick, almost leathery, sessile, the upper leaves are linear-lanceolate to linear, the base is blunt, and the edges are slightly rolled out.

Flowers 1-2; calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, longer than or equal to the calyx tube; apex of corolla lobes acuminate.

3. The difference between this species and the above two species is that the middle and upper leaves are nearly leathery, linear-lanceolate to linear, and the base is round.

Flowers 3, rarely 5; calyx lobes narrowly triangular, shorter than calyx tube; corolla lobes apex obtuse.

4. The difference from the first three types is on the stem: no rosette leaves, multiple pairs of stem leaves, type II, 2-4 pairs of lower leaves, scale-like, middle and upper leaves ovate-oblong, obovate or ovate, base

Wedge-shaped, slightly rolled edges.

There are many flowers, clustered on the top of the branches, sparsely axillary, surrounded by bract-like leaves at the top; the calyx lobes are irregular, 2 large, obovate-oblong, with the base narrowed into claws; the stamens are

Born in the lower part of the crown tube.

Seeds yellowish brown.

Habitat distribution Ecological environment: 1. Grows in hillside grasslands, roadside, riverbank shrubs and understory meadows at an altitude of 200-1700m.

2. Born in hillside grasslands or humid areas at an altitude of 110-1100m.

3. Born in grasslands, forest glades and shrubs at an altitude of 440-950m.

4. Grows in hillside grasslands, shrubs, understory and valleys at an altitude of 1100-3000m.

Resource distribution: 1. Distributed in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.

2. Distributed in Northeast China and Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.

3. Distributed in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and Hebei.

4. Distributed in Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, etc.

Cultivation Biological Characteristics: It likes a cool climate and has loose soil requirements, but light clay and anti-humus soil is suitable.

It is not suitable to be cultivated in areas with high dryness and strong direct sunlight.