1. The Armas cargo ship oil pollution incident was a public hazard incident that occurred in January 2001. The pollution area was located in the Longkeng Ecological Reserve in Kenting National Park, Taiwan.

The incident brought havoc to the ecology of the reserve.

In 2003, the Environmental Protection Agency filed a compensation lawsuit in a Norwegian court, which became Taiwan's first cross-border oil pollution incident.

On January 14, 2001, the Greek 35,000-ton cargo ship Amorgos was loaded with ore and sailed from India to mainland China. When passing through the waters south of Taiwan, the Amorgos lost power.

After drifting for 12 hours, around 20:00 that night, it ran aground in the waters of Kenting.

After receiving the report, Taiwan's Ministry of Transportation and the National Military Search and Rescue Center immediately launched rescue operations and rescued all 25 crew members on the ship at 23:00.

On January 15, the Hualien Port Authority established a "Disaster Management Center" to prepare relevant measures to prevent oil leakage and requested shipowners and insurance companies to deal with it as soon as possible.

On the 18th, the hull of the Armas cracked and began to leak oil; the Environmental Protection Agency immediately requested the Hualien Port Authority to restrict the departure of all Armas crew members in accordance with the provisions of the Marine Pollution Prevention and Control Law passed in October 2000.

2. The oil spill in the Gulf of Alaska occurred at midnight on March 24, 1989. The Exxon tanker Valdez, which was heading to Long Beach, California, ran aground in Prince William Sound, Alaska, resulting in the leakage of 11 million gallons of crude oil.

This incident was considered the most serious environmental pollution incident at the time.

The accident caused a massive loss of fish and wildlife in Prince William Harbor, and the fishing industry that local fishermen relied on for survival also ceased to exist.

The leaked crude oil eventually covered more than 4,000 square kilometers of sea surface. Exxon said that they spent almost two billion US dollars to clean up the water surface and paid millions in compensation. The oil company is still

Fight the court’s award of compensation.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration discovered in 2007 that more than 25,000 gallons of crude oil still remained under the beaches of Prince William Harbor.

A report by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trust Board, which oversees the cleanup of the oil spill, noted that toxic substances left behind by the oil spill still remain in some areas.

According to environmental reports, some wildlife has returned to the area, but most fishermen have moved elsewhere or found other ways to make a living.

ExxonMobil says it has cleaned up the spill and is a good corporate citizen; but environmentalists say the water there will never return to its original state, and the natural environment, wildlife, and even

Local residents still have not recovered from the disaster.

It is worth mentioning that Ms. Elaine Chao, who had just taken over as deputy secretary of the U.S. Federal Department of Transportation at the time, personally went to Alaska in August of the same year when the incident occurred to supervise and inspect the follow-up treatment of the oil spill.

3. The Hebei Spirit oil spill was a major oil spill that was caused by a barge hitting the Hebei Spirit at Daesan Port, Taian County, Chungcheongnam Province, South Korea.

In South Korea that morning (December 7, 2007) at 7:30 am local time, a barge collided with the Hebei Spirit in the Yellow Sea, leaking approximately 10,000 tons of crude oil.

The Korea Times called it South Korea's worst oil spill, surpassing one that occurred in 1995.

This incident was approximately one-third the size of the Exxon Valdez oil spill.

Because the incident occurred during a cold winter, experts initially believed that the area of ??the oil spill would not expand.

However, due to abnormal weather, strong waves and unexpected wind directions, the oil spill expanded faster than originally predicted and polluted the oyster fields on the coast.

4. The Gulf of Mexico oil spill, also known as the BP oil spill, was an oil spill off the Gulf of Mexico that occurred on April 20, 2010.

The cause was the failure and explosion of an offshore oil drilling platform called Deepwater Horizon owned by British Petroleum Company, leading to the oil spill.

The explosion also killed 11 staff members and injured 17 others.

It is estimated that an average of 12,000 to 100,000 barrels of crude oil leak into the Gulf of Mexico every day, resulting in at least 2,500 square kilometers of seawater being covered with oil.

Experts fear the oil spill could lead to an environmental disaster affecting a variety of organisms.

The oil spill also affected local fishing and tourism.

After the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, the water quality in a large area near the oil spill was polluted. Many fish, birds, marine life and even plants were seriously affected, such as illness and death.

Fisheries in Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama have entered a state of disaster, with more than half of those surveyed dissatisfied with President Obama's handling of the incident.

Officials say that so far, more than 300 seabirds have died along the Gulf Coast due to oil pollution[2].

US President Obama said the impact of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico was like the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

A U.S. government report in November stated that 6,104 birds, 609 sea turtles, and 100 mammals including dolphins died. This number may include animals that died of natural causes, all deaths caused by deep-sea oil spills.

It will take time for the data to be determined.