The constitutions of all countries stipulate the functions and powers of heads of state. Generally speaking, there are: the right to publish laws, the right to issue orders, the right to appoint and dismiss, the right to convene parliament, the right to diplomacy, the right to command armed forces, the right to pardon, the right to legal honor and so on.

The head of state represents the country abroad and enjoys special etiquette treatment in international exchanges. Due to the different political systems of different countries, the actual powers exercised by heads of state are not the same. In cabinet countries, the head of state generally does not directly grasp the real power of state affairs, but only engages in some symbolic and ceremonial activities in the name of the country, so it is called a virtual head of state.

People's Republic of China (PRC)'s presidential system has experienced a tortuous development process. It can be roughly divided into four stages: from the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949 to the promulgation of the first socialist constitution in 1954;

1954 established the president to 1975 revoked the president by the constitution; From the absence of the presidential constitution in 1975 to the restoration of the president in 1982; And the stable development period of the presidential system from 65438 to 0982.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Head of State