1, focusing on defining nature.
The word "sustainability" was first put forward by ecologists, which is called "ecological sustainability". It aims to explain the balance between natural resources and their development and utilization procedures. 199 1 year1kloc-0/month, the international union of ecology (INTECOL) and the international union of biological sciences (IUBS) jointly held a seminar on sustainable development.
The results of this seminar have developed and deepened the natural attribute of the concept of sustainable development, which is defined as "protecting and strengthening the production and renewal capacity of environmental systems", that is, sustainable development is to develop the renewal capacity of systems without exceeding the environment.
2. Pay attention to the definition of social aspects.
199 1 year, the World Conservation Union (INCN), the United Nations Environment Programme (UN-EP) and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) jointly issued "Protecting the Earth-Sustainable Survival Strategy", which defined sustainable development as "improving the quality of human life without exceeding the ability to maintain ecosystems" and
3. The focus is on the definition of economy.
In the book Economy and Natural Resources: Deficiency and Development, Eddie Wade Barbier defined sustainable development as "maximizing the net income of economic development while maintaining the quality of natural resources and the services they provide".
According to D- Pearce, "sustainable development means that today's utilization should not reduce the actual income in the future", and "when development can keep the welfare of contemporary people increasing, it will not reduce the welfare of future generations".
4. The emphasis is on the definition of science and technology.
JammGustare Spath believes that "sustainable development means turning to cleaner and more effective technologies, which are as close to' zero emission' or' sealing' as possible, and the process method is to minimize the consumption of energy and other natural resources".
Extended data:
Edward Cornish, president of the World Future Society and an American sociologist, once said that from the perspective of social change, 1800- 1850 can be called a period of rapid change; Since 1950, our planet has experienced a period of drastic changes; Since the 1970s, the pace of change has been further accelerated, which can be called "the period of intermittent change".
The rapid development of social and human capabilities has indeed made brilliant achievements in controlling nature: in the macro field, human-made space probes flew out of the solar system, and in the micro field, we went deep into the research inside the nucleus and applied the results to solving energy problems and weapons manufacturing.
People firmly believe that as long as we persist in this development, our life will be better and better and our future will be brighter and brighter.
However, since the 1960s and 1970s, human beings have had doubts about their own progress, and people increasingly feel that the development mode and road of modern western industrial civilization are unsustainable. We urgently need to re-evaluate and reflect on the development path we have taken in the past.
We are not only faced with economic problems, but also need to carry out more extensive and profound changes in values, culture and civilized ways, and seek a road of sustainable development. This is our wise choice.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Sustainable Development