The concrete measures are as follows: (1) Building a new socialist countryside is an important historical task in the process of China's modernization. The most arduous and arduous task of building a well-off society in an all-round way is in the countryside. To speed up modernization, we must correctly handle the relationship between workers, farmers and cities. To build a harmonious socialist society, we must promote the all-round progress of rural economy and society. A large rural population is the national condition of China. Only by developing rural economy, building farmers' homes and making farmers live a comfortable life can all people enjoy the fruits of economic and social development, continuously expand domestic demand and promote the sustainable development of the national economy. At present, China has generally entered the development stage of promoting agriculture with industry and bringing rural areas with cities, and initially has the ability and conditions to support agriculture, rural areas and farmers. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we must seize the opportunity, accelerate the change of the backward situation of rural economic and social development, and solidly and steadily promote the construction of a new socialist countryside.
(2) Do a good job in agriculture and rural areas around building a new socialist countryside. The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period is a crucial period to lay a solid foundation for building a new socialist countryside, make great strides in promoting the construction of modern agriculture, make breakthroughs in building a new type of relationship between workers, peasants and urban areas, and accelerate the construction of a well-off society in rural areas. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we should hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, fully implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, make overall plans for urban and rural economic and social development, implement the policy of industry feeding agriculture, cities supporting rural areas and "giving more and taking less", and coordinate and promote rural economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and party building in accordance with the requirements of "production development, affluent life, civilized rural customs, clean village appearance and democratic management". At present, it is necessary to improve and strengthen the policy of supporting agriculture, build modern agriculture, steadily develop grain production, actively adjust agricultural structure, strengthen infrastructure construction, strengthen rural democratic political construction and spiritual civilization construction, accelerate the development of social undertakings, promote comprehensive rural reform, promote farmers' sustained income increase, and ensure a good start in building a new socialist countryside.
(3) Steadily and steadily promote the construction of a new socialist countryside. Promoting the construction of new countryside is a long-term and arduous historical task. We must adhere to the development of rural economy as the center, further emancipate and develop rural productive forces, and promote the stable development of grain and the continuous increase of farmers' income. We must adhere to the basic rural management system, respect farmers' dominant position and constantly innovate rural institutional mechanisms; We must adhere to the people-oriented principle, focus on solving the most urgent practical problems in farmers' production and life, and effectively benefit farmers; It is necessary to adhere to scientific planning, adjust measures to local conditions, give classified guidance, and gradually advance in a planned, step-by-step and focused manner; We must give full play to the enthusiasm of all parties and rely on the hard work of farmers, the support of the state and the extensive participation of social forces to make the construction of new countryside a common action of the whole party and society. To promote the construction of new countryside, we should pay attention to practical results and not engage in formalism; Do what you can, and don't blindly compare; The proceedings should be democratic and cannot be forced; It is necessary to highlight the characteristics and not insist on uniformity; Need guidance and support, not to replace others.
(4) Accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism to promote agriculture through industry and bring rural areas through cities. Comply with the phased changes in economic and social development and the requirements of building a new socialist countryside, adhere to the policy of "giving more, taking less and letting go", with the focus on "giving more". To adjust the pattern of national income distribution, the state's fiscal expenditure, investment in fixed assets within the budget and credit supply should be based on the principle of moderate adjustment of stock and outstanding increment, and continuously increase investment in agriculture and rural areas. Expand the coverage of public finance in rural areas, and establish and improve the stable growth mechanism of financial funds for supporting agriculture. In 2006, the growth rate of national financial support for agriculture was higher than that of the previous year, and the proportion of national debt and budget funds used for rural construction was higher than that of the previous year. Among them, the funds directly used to improve rural production and living conditions are higher than that of the previous year, gradually forming a stable source of funds for new rural construction. It is necessary to shift the focus of state investment in infrastructure construction to rural areas. To increase the tax rate of farmland occupation, the new tax should be mainly used for "agriculture, countryside and farmers". We will promptly formulate measures for the management and supervision of part of the income from land transfer fees for agricultural land development, strictly collect land transfer fees and paid use fees for new construction land according to law, and regard the construction of small-scale farmland water conservancy facilities as an important part of the land development and consolidation project with paid use fees for new construction land. Further strengthen the integration of funds for supporting agriculture and improve the efficiency of fund use. Financial institutions should constantly improve their services and strengthen their support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers. It is necessary to speed up the establishment of a system conducive to gradually changing the dual structure of urban and rural areas, implement an equal employment system for urban and rural workers, and establish and improve various forms of rural social security systems that are compatible with the level of economic development. Give full play to the basic role of the market in allocating resources, promote the reform of land acquisition and household registration system, gradually form a unified factor market between urban and rural areas, and enhance the vitality of rural economic development.
Second, promote the construction of modern agriculture and strengthen the industrial support for the construction of new socialist countryside.
(5) Vigorously improve the innovation and transformation ability of agricultural science and technology. Deepen the reform of agricultural scientific research system, speed up the construction of national innovation bases and regional agricultural scientific research centers, and implement new operating mechanisms in terms of institutional setup, personnel appointment and investment construction. Enterprises are encouraged to establish agricultural science and technology research and development centers, and the state gives support in fiscal, taxation, finance and technological transformation. Improve the investment environment for agricultural technological innovation and develop venture capital for agricultural technological innovation. Strengthen agricultural high-tech research, continue to implement modern agricultural high-tech industrialization projects, and obtain a number of major agricultural scientific and technological achievements with independent intellectual property rights as soon as possible. In view of the urgent needs of agricultural production, we will speed up the research and development and popularization of improved varieties breeding of crops and livestock and poultry, prevention and control of animal and plant diseases, resource conservation and pollution prevention and control technologies. Put the investment in agricultural scientific research in the priority position supported by public finance, and increase the proportion of agricultural science and technology in the national science and technology investment. We will continue to arrange funds for the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements and the introduction of foreign advanced agricultural technologies. Strengthen the protection of germplasm resources and intellectual property rights. It is necessary to speed up the reform and construction of agricultural technology extension system, actively explore ways to implement classified management of public welfare functions and operational services, and improve the socialized service mechanism of agricultural technology extension. In-depth implementation of agricultural science and technology household projects, expand the scale of special subsidies for major agricultural technology promotion projects. Encourage all kinds of agricultural educational institutions and social forces to participate in diversified agricultural extension services. Strengthen meteorology to serve agriculture and ensure agricultural production and the safety of farmers' lives and property. Vigorously promote agricultural mechanization and improve the mechanization level of important farming hours, key crops, key production links and major grain producing areas.
(6) Strengthen the construction of modern rural circulation system. Actively promote the upgrading and transformation of agricultural products wholesale market, and promote the quality grading and packaging standardization of agricultural products entering the market. Encourage commercial enterprises, postal system and other investors to develop rural modern circulation industry through new construction, merger, alliance and joining. Actively develop the chain operation of agricultural products, agricultural means of production and consumer goods, establish a new marketing system with centralized procurement and unified distribution as the core, and improve the rural market environment. Continue to implement the "market project of thousands of villages and towns" and build a chain-type "farm shop". Cultivate and develop the team of rural brokers. Accelerate the construction of agricultural standardization, improve the inspection and testing system, strengthen the management of agricultural production materials and feed quality, and further improve the quality and safety level of agricultural products. Supply and marketing cooperatives should innovate service methods, extensively carry out joint operations and cooperative operations, speed up the construction of modern business networks, and provide services for the circulation of agricultural products and the supply of farmers' means of production and subsistence. In 2006, it is necessary to improve the national "green channel" network of fresh agricultural products and realize inter-provincial communication.
(7) Grain production developed steadily. Ensuring national food security is an important basis for maintaining stable and rapid development of the national economy and social stability. Adhere to the principle of achieving basic self-sufficiency in grain based on domestic conditions, steadily develop grain production, continuously increase grain income, continuously improve production capacity, rationally use the international market, and actively maintain a balance between supply and demand. Resolutely implement the strictest farmland protection system, effectively protect basic farmland, and protect farmers' land contractual management rights. We will continue to implement high-quality grain industry projects and high-yield grain science and technology projects, accelerate the construction of large-scale commodity grain production bases and grain industry belts, stabilize grain planting areas, and continuously improve grain output, quality and production efficiency. Adhere to and improve the minimum purchase price policy for key grain varieties, maintain a reasonable grain price level, strengthen the price control of agricultural means of production, and protect the interests of grain farmers. We will continue to implement the incentive policy for major grain-producing counties and increase the central government's incentive funds for major grain-producing counties.
(8) Actively promote the adjustment of agricultural structure. Adjust and optimize the agricultural structure according to the requirements of high yield, high quality, high efficiency, ecology and safety. Accelerate the construction of industrial belts of superior agricultural products, actively develop characteristic agriculture, green food and ecological agriculture, protect well-known brands of agricultural products, and cultivate and expand leading industries. Continue to implement seed engineering. Vigorously develop animal husbandry, expand the scale of subsidies for improved livestock and poultry varieties, promote healthy breeding methods, and arrange special investment to support the pilot construction of standardized livestock and poultry breeding communities. It is necessary to strengthen the infrastructure construction for the prevention and control of animal diseases, especially avian influenza and other major diseases, improve the emergency mechanism for sudden outbreaks, speed up the reform of the veterinary management system, and stabilize the grassroots veterinary team. Actively develop aquaculture, expand the breeding of high-quality aquatic products, develop offshore fisheries, protect fishery resources, and continue to do a good job in the work of fishermen changing their jobs. Improve the international competitiveness of agricultural products, expand the export of advantageous agricultural products such as horticulture, animal husbandry and aquatic products, strengthen the consultation on foreign trade of agricultural products, and improve the ability of China agriculture to deal with international trade disputes.
(9) Develop industrialized management of agriculture. Efforts should be made to cultivate a number of leading enterprises and enterprise cluster demonstration bases with strong competitiveness and motivation, promote the organic combination of leading enterprises, cooperative organizations and farmers, and let farmers get more benefits from industrialized operation. Finance at all levels should increase funds to support the development of agricultural industrialization, support the development of leading enterprises and subsidize farmers to participate in agricultural insurance through leading enterprises. Develop the futures market of bulk agricultural products and "order agriculture". By innovating credit guarantee means and methods, the problem of insufficient funds for leading enterprises to purchase agricultural products can be effectively solved. Pilot reform of value-added tax for deep processing of agricultural products. Actively guide and support farmers to develop various professional cooperative economic organizations, speed up the legislative process, increase support, and establish credit, tax and registration systems conducive to the development of farmers' cooperative economic organizations.
(10) Accelerate the development of circular agriculture. We should vigorously develop agricultural technologies that save resources and protect the environment, and focus on promoting comprehensive utilization of waste, related industries and renewable energy development and utilization technologies. Formulate corresponding preferential fiscal and taxation policies, organize the implementation of biomass projects, promote technologies such as straw gasification, solidification and molding, power generation, animal husbandry and other technologies, develop biomass energy and bio-based materials, and cultivate biomass industry. Actively develop conservation-oriented agriculture that saves land, water, fertilizer, medicine and seeds, encourage the production and use of energy-saving and oil-saving agricultural machinery and agricultural product processing equipment, and strive to improve the utilization efficiency of agricultural inputs. Strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.
Third, promote farmers' sustained income increase and consolidate the economic foundation of building a new socialist countryside.
(l 1) Broaden the channels for increasing farmers' income. It is necessary to fully tap the potential of increasing income within agriculture, actively develop superior agricultural products with excellent quality, obvious characteristics and high added value according to the domestic and international market demand, and promote "one product in one village" to achieve value-added and efficiency. It is necessary to speed up the transfer of rural labor force and continuously increase farmers' labor income. Encourage and support the development of township enterprises in line with industrial policies, especially labor-intensive enterprises and service industries. Focus on developing county towns and key towns under construction, and create favorable conditions for the development of small towns from the aspects of finance, finance, taxation and public product investment. Cities and towns with a large foreign population should proceed from reality and improve their social management functions. We should focus on prospering the county and enriching the people, focus on cultivating industrial support, vigorously develop the private economy, guide enterprises and factors to gather, improve financial services, enhance county-level management capabilities, and develop and expand the county economy.
(12) Protect the legitimate rights and interests of migrant farmers. Further clean up and cancel all kinds of discriminatory provisions and unreasonable restrictions on migrant workers' employment in cities. Establish and improve the public service network for urban and rural employment, and provide free legal and policy advice, employment information, employment guidance and employment introduction for migrant farmers. Strictly implement the minimum wage system, establish a wage guarantee system, and effectively solve the problem of low wages and arrears of migrant workers. Improve the labor contract system and strengthen the occupational safety and health protection of migrant workers. Gradually establish a social security system for migrant workers, include all migrant workers in the scope of work-related injury insurance according to law, and explore medical security and endowment insurance methods suitable for migrant workers. Seriously solve the problem of children of migrant farmers going to school.
(13) Stabilize, improve and strengthen the direct subsidy policy for agriculture and farmers. It is necessary to strengthen the state's support and protection system for agriculture and farmers. The policy of "three reductions and exemptions, three subsidies" and the subsidy policy of returning farmland to forests are very popular and have obvious effects, so they should continue to be stable, perfect and strengthened. In 2006, the main grain producing areas should increase the scale of direct grain subsidies to more than 50% of the grain risk fund, and other regions should also increase subsidies to grain farmers according to the actual situation. Increase subsidies for improved varieties and purchase of agricultural machinery and tools. To meet the needs of agricultural production and market changes, establish and improve the support and protection system for grain farmers.
(14) Strengthening poverty alleviation and development. It is necessary to implement the poverty alleviation and development model promoted by the whole village according to local conditions, intensify efforts to improve production and living conditions in poverty-stricken areas, do a good job in labor transfer training in poverty-stricken areas, support leading enterprises to drive structural adjustment in poverty-stricken areas, and broaden channels for poor farmers to increase their income. Poverty alleviation for poor people in areas lacking living conditions in different places. Continue to increase investment in poverty alleviation, improve the management mechanism and improve the efficiency of use. Continue to mobilize the central and state organs, developed coastal areas and all sectors of society to participate in poverty alleviation and development. Do a good job in food supply in poverty-stricken areas.
Fourth, strengthen rural infrastructure construction and improve the material conditions for building a new socialist countryside.
(15) Vigorously strengthen farmland water conservancy, cultivated land quality and ecological construction. While doing a good job in the construction of major water conservancy projects, we will continue to strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy. Accelerate the development of water-saving irrigation, and continue to take the continuous construction of large irrigation areas and water-saving transformation as the focus of investment in agricultural fixed assets. Strengthen the technical transformation of large drainage pumping stations and build field projects. Vigorously promote water-saving technology. The implementation of the central and local * * * is responsible for, and gradually expand the scale of special funds for small-scale irrigation and water conservancy subsidies at the central and provincial levels. Do a good job in the construction and management of small-scale farmland water conservancy projects focusing on water-saving transformation and rainwater harvesting and utilization in small-scale irrigation areas. Continue to strengthen dangerous reservoirs and strengthen the management of small and medium-sized rivers. We should vigorously strengthen the construction of cultivated land quality, implement a new round of fertile soil projects, scientifically apply chemical fertilizers, guide the application of organic fertilizers, and comprehensively improve soil fertility. Increase subsidies for soil testing and formula fertilization, and continue to implement conservation tillage demonstration projects and pilot subsidies for soil organic matter improvement. Comprehensive agricultural development should focus on supporting the transformation of low-yield fields in major grain producing areas and water-saving transformation in medium-sized irrigation areas. In accordance with the requirements of building an environment-friendly society, we will continue to promote ecological construction, earnestly do a good job in key ecological projects such as returning farmland to forests and protecting natural forests, stabilize and improve policies, cultivate follow-up industries, and consolidate the achievements of ecological construction. We will continue to promote returning grazing to grassland and comprehensive development of mountainous areas. Establish and improve the ecological compensation mechanism. Do a good job in the prevention and control of major pests and diseases, and take effective measures to prevent the invasion of alien pests. Strengthen desertification control and actively implement comprehensive prevention and control projects for soil erosion in rocky desertification areas and black soil areas in Northeast China. Establish and improve the responsibility mechanism for environmental restoration and governance of hydropower, mining and other enterprises, and arrange certain funds from the development income of hydropower, mining and other resources for the restoration and governance of the environment where the enterprises are located to prevent soil erosion.
(16) Accelerate rural infrastructure construction. Efforts should be made to strengthen the construction of living infrastructure that farmers urgently need. On the basis of consolidating the achievements of drinking water for people and livestock, we will speed up the construction of rural drinking water safety projects and give priority to solving the drinking water safety problems in areas with high fluorine, high arsenic, brackish water, polluted water and schistosomiasis. Where conditions permit, centralized water supply can be developed, and the supply of drinking water and other domestic water can be advocated. It is necessary to accelerate the pace of rural energy construction and actively promote clean energy technologies such as biogas, straw gasification, small hydropower, solar energy and wind power generation in suitable areas. From 2006, the investment scale of rural biogas construction will greatly increase. Where conditions permit, it is necessary to speed up the popularization of household biogas and support the construction of large and medium-sized biogas in farms. The construction of biogas digesters will drive rural areas to change their circles, toilets and kitchens. Complete the supporting project of rural power grid transformation as soon as possible. Strengthen the planning and management of small hydropower development and expand the pilot scale of small hydropower replacing fuel. It is necessary to further strengthen the construction of rural roads. By the end of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, all towns and villages in China will basically have access to oil (cement) roads, villages with conditions in the eastern and central regions will basically have access to oil (cement) roads, and the western regions will basically have access to highways. It is necessary to actively promote the construction of agricultural informatization, make full use of and integrate agricultural information resources, strengthen rural-oriented information services such as radio, television and telecommunications, and focus on the "Golden Agriculture" project and the construction project of agricultural comprehensive information service platform. Guide farmers to work voluntarily and develop small-scale infrastructure construction in rural areas. Conditional places can give support through incentives, project subsidies, etc. In accordance with the principle of paying equal attention to construction and management, the management and protection of public infrastructure such as rural roads will be gradually included in the scope of state support.
(17) Strengthen village planning and human settlements governance. With the improvement of living standards and the promotion of building a well-off society in an all-round way, farmers urgently demand to improve the rural living environment and village appearance. Governments at all levels should earnestly strengthen village planning, arrange funds to support the preparation of village planning and carry out village governance pilot projects; All localities can set out from reality, formulate a guiding catalogue for village construction and human settlements management, and focus on solving farmers' difficulties in drinking water, roads, electricity and fuel. All projects that meet the catalogue can be guided and supported in terms of funds and objects. Strengthen the planning and management of homestead, vigorously save the land for village construction, and provide farmers with a free residential design model that is economical, safe, applicable, land-saving, energy-saving and material-saving. Guide and help farmers to effectively solve the problem of mixed livestock and poultry houses, do a good job in rural sewage and garbage disposal, and improve rural environmental sanitation. Attach importance to village safety construction, prevent the harm of mountain torrents, mudslides and other disasters to villages, and strengthen rural fire control work. Village governance should highlight rural characteristics, local characteristics and national characteristics, and protect ancient villages and houses with historical and cultural values. In line with the principle of economy, we should fully rebuild houses and facilities based on the existing infrastructure, prevent large-scale demolition and construction, prevent increasing the burden on farmers, and solidly and steadily promote village governance.
Five, accelerate the development of rural social undertakings, cultivate new farmers, and promote the construction of new socialist countryside.
(18) Accelerate the development of rural compulsory education. Focus on popularizing and consolidating nine-year compulsory education in rural areas. In 2006, all students in rural compulsory education in the western region were exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees, and students from poor families were provided with textbooks and living expenses subsidies for boarders free of charge. In 2007, this policy was widely implemented in rural areas throughout the country. Continue to implement the "two basics" project in the western region and the modern distance education project in rural primary and secondary schools. Establish and improve the funding guarantee mechanism for rural compulsory education, further improve the conditions for running schools in rural areas, and gradually raise the level of public funds for rural primary and secondary schools. Strengthen the construction of rural teachers, increase the efforts of urban teachers to support rural education, and promote the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education. Strengthen the supervision and regulation of rural school fees, and further reduce the educational burden of farmers.
(19) Large-scale skills training for rural labor force. It is urgent to improve the overall quality of farmers and cultivate new farmers with culture, technology and management. Continue to support new farmers' scientific and technological training, improve farmers' agricultural skills and promote scientific farming. Expand the implementation scale of the Sunshine Project for Rural Labor Force Transfer Training, raise the subsidy standard, and enhance farmers' ability to transfer employment. Accelerate the establishment of a government-assisted, market-oriented and diversified training mechanism. Finance at all levels should include rural labor training funds in the budget and continuously increase investment. Integrate all kinds of educational resources in rural areas and develop rural vocational education and adult education.