The article said that at present, the maternity leave and maternity insurance system needs to be further improved, and the author proposed that
"Incorporate the maternity allowance for extending maternity leave into maternity insurance benefits", "extend paternity leave for paid fathers" and "implement the parental leave system as soon as possible"
"Incorporate the maternity allowance for extending maternity leave into maternity insurance benefits", "extend paternity leave for paid fathers" and "implement the parental leave system as soon as possible"
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Recently, a meeting was held in the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, China, to consider the decision on optimizing the birth policy and promoting the long-term balanced development of the population, and made a major decision of "implementing the policy of one couple having three children and supporting measures". The meeting stressed that it is of great significance to improve the maternity leave and maternity insurance system, which will promote the better implementation of the three-child birth policy.
Maternity leave and maternity insurance system is an important system to protect the rights and interests of workers of childbearing age.
First, ensure the health of female workers during pregnancy and childbirth, and ensure that they receive appropriate medical services and adequate rest during the perinatal period.
The second is to ensure that infants and young children get the necessary care, and realize the care of infants and young children through parental leave and public care institutions.
The third is to ensure the income of workers during vacation and avoid losing their sources of income due to childbirth.
The fourth is to avoid employers' blame. Replacing employers with social insurance to pay related medical expenses and holiday allowances can reduce the extra costs brought to employers by employees' childbirth, prevent employers from being at a disadvantage in the market competition because they hire more workers of childbearing age, and help reduce their concerns about hiring women employees of childbearing age. The fifth is to encourage fathers to participate more in parenting. Parents' participation in parenting is conducive to the healthy growth of children and family harmony, and can also reduce the employment discrimination suffered by women. Let the man enjoy a certain holiday, which can play a good role in encouraging and advocating both economically and culturally.
Since the founding of New China, China has always adhered to the basic national policy of equality between men and women, and put the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of women and children in an important position, thus forming a relatively complete maternity leave and maternity insurance system. 195 1 the labor insurance regulations clearly stipulate that female employees who give birth shall be given 56 days' holiday before and after giving birth, and their wages shall be paid as usual during maternity leave. 1994 "Trial Measures for Maternity Insurance for Enterprise Employees" began to provide maternity protection in the form of social insurance, including maternity allowance and maternity medical expenses, and maternity insurance has become an important part of China's social security system. After 1988 and 20 12 extensions, the statutory maternity leave is 98 days, which is consistent with the requirement recommended by the International Labour Organization that maternity leave exceeds 14 weeks. After 20 13, the national birth policy has been continuously improved and adjusted, and the two-child policy and the universal two-child policy have been implemented one after another. Regulations on maternity leave have also been adjusted in various places, generally extending maternity leave and establishing paternity leave.
At present, the maternity leave and maternity insurance system needs to be further improved. Therefore, it is suggested to actively explore the reform of maternity leave and maternity insurance system in the following aspects:
First, the maternity allowance for extending maternity leave should be included in maternity insurance benefits.
Second, extend paternity leave for paid fathers. At present, in many areas, paternity leave for fathers is only seven days, which has limited incentives for fathers to participate in parenting, and the male employees who participate in insurance have insufficient sense of acquisition. It is suggested to extend it to at least 1 month, and the maternity allowance during paternity leave should also be paid by maternity insurance.
Third, the maternity insurance fund subsidizes employers. Maternity leave will also bring other costs to the employer besides wages, such as paying overtime wages to other employees. Appropriate subsidies should be considered for the relevant expenses of the employer, and the level of subsidies should be linked to the number of employees enjoying maternity allowance.
Fourth, gradually bring flexible employees into the scope of maternity insurance. Considering the increasing proportion of flexible employment and unstable income of young people in China, it is necessary to include it in the coverage of maternity insurance. The combined implementation of maternity insurance and medical insurance also provides a favorable opportunity. We will improve the design of the insurance system and include flexible employees in the coverage of maternity insurance.
Fifth, the parental leave system should be implemented as soon as possible. Parental leave should be mainly aimed at meeting the temporary care needs of young children. It is suggested that for families with children under 6 years old, both parents can enjoy a certain paid holiday every year according to the number of children, and the allowance is paid by the maternity insurance fund.
According to the website of the State Council Development Research Center, the main responsibilities of the Development Research Department are:
This paper studies the reform and development of relevant social policies in the process of economic and social transformation in China, including social security, income distribution, population and employment, public service system reform, social governance, resources and environment and sustainable development.
This paper studies the reform and development of relevant social policies in the process of economic and social transformation in China, including social security, income distribution, population and employment, public service system reform, social governance, resources and environment and sustainable development.