On the eve of its 5th anniversary, the United Nations got a precious birthday present-Century Baoding, a giant bronze ware presented by the people of China.
Century Baoding is placed on the green lawn of the North Garden of the United Nations Building. The tripod is .5 meters high, symbolizing the 5th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. The tripod is 2.1 meters tall, symbolizing the coming 21st century. The tripod weighs 1.5 tons, with three legs and ears, a slightly bulging belly and a round bottom, surrounded by Shang and Zhou decorative patterns, embossed animal faces and moire filling the bottom. The base is decorated with 56 dragons, symbolizing that all 56 ethnic groups in China are descendants of dragons. There is an inscription (míng) in ZH Nei Zhu (Ding Nei Zhu), "Cast a Century Baoding to celebrate the 5th birthday of the United Nations". In front of the tripod, there are four golden characters of "Century Baoding". On the back of the tripod was written "October 1995 from the Chinese people * * * and the State". Zhàn whole Baoding is of primitive simplicity and exquisite craftsmanship, which is a magnificent masterpiece.
In ancient times, Ding was a kind of cooker used by China ancestors, and later it developed into a ritual vessel. There are two sayings in China's idioms: "Zhong Ming Ding Shi" and "One word keeps its promise", which reflect the unique position of Ding in China's ancient social life. As an important ritual vessel, chāng symbolizes unity, unity and authority, and is a mascot representing peace, development and prosperity. This century treasure tripod is a masterpiece of ancient Chinese bronze art, fusing ancient skills and modern technology in one furnace. Its overall structure (Gê u), artistic modeling and ornamentation show the long history and splendid culture of the Chinese nation.
The United Nations treasures gifts from all countries in the world, each with its own significance. China's Bao Ding Yu has a deeper meaning. Ding Zhi is prosperous, and Long Zhao is auspicious. It expresses the good wishes of the people of China to the United Nations and hopes for a better new century. This is also the unanimous wish of the peace-loving people in the world.
On the eve of its 5th anniversary, the United Nations got a precious birthday gift-Century Baoding, a giant bronze ware presented by the people of China.
Century Baoding is placed on the green lawn of the North Garden of the United Nations Building. The tripod is .5 meters high, symbolizing the 5th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. The tripod is 2.1 meters tall, symbolizing the coming 21st century. The tripod weighs 1.5 tons, with three legs and ears, a slightly bulging belly and a round bottom, surrounded by Shang and Zhou decorative patterns, embossed animal faces and moire filling the bottom. The base is decorated with 56 dragons, symbolizing that all 56 ethnic groups in China are descendants of dragons. There is an inscription (míng) in ZH Nei Zhu (Ding Nei Zhu), "Cast a Century Baoding to celebrate the 5th birthday of the United Nations". In front of the tripod, there are four golden characters of "Century Baoding". On the back of the tripod was written "October 1995 from the Chinese people * * * and the State". Zhàn whole Baoding is of primitive simplicity and exquisite craftsmanship, which is a magnificent masterpiece.
In ancient times, Ding was a kind of cooker used by China ancestors, and later it developed into a ritual vessel. There are two sayings in China's idioms: "Zhong Ming Ding Shi" and "One word keeps its promise", which reflect the unique position of Ding in China's ancient social life. As an important ritual vessel, chāng symbolizes unity, unity and authority, and is a mascot representing peace, development and prosperity. This century treasure tripod is a masterpiece of ancient Chinese bronze art, fusing ancient skills and modern technology in one furnace. Its overall structure (Gê u), artistic modeling and ornamentation show the long history and splendid culture of the Chinese nation.
The United Nations treasures gifts from all countries in the world, each with its own significance. China's Bao Ding Yu has a deeper meaning. Ding Zhi is prosperous, and Long Zhao is auspicious. It expresses the good wishes of the people of China to the United Nations and hopes for a better new century. This is also the unanimous wish of the peace-loving people of the world
the international organization established by the United Nations after the Second World War. According to the Charter of the United Nations signed in San Francisco in June 1945, it was formally established on October 24th of the same year. Fifty-one countries that signed the Charter are founding Members of the United Nations. China is one of the founding members of the United Nations, but due to the obstruction of the United States, the legitimate rights of the new China in the United Nations were not restored until October 1971. According to the Charter, the purposes of the United Nations are to maintain international peace and security, stop aggression and promote international cooperation. The Charter stipulates that the United Nations and its Member States should follow the following principles: sovereign equality of all countries; Resolving international disputes by peaceful means; Never use threat or force or other methods inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations to violate the territorial integrity or political independence of other countries; The United Nations must not interfere in matters that are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any country. The main organs are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice and the Secretariat. Headquartered in new york. We have a European office in Geneva.
Charter
The Charter is the fundamental constitution of the United Nations, which stipulates the rights and obligations of Member States and determines the organs and procedures of the United Nations.
Purpose
According to the Charter, the purpose of the United Nations is to maintain international peace and security; Develop friendly international relations; Cooperate to solve international problems of economic, social, cultural and human welfare nature, and enhance respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms of all mankind; And form a center to coordinate the actions of all countries to achieve the above-mentioned goals.
structure
The six organs of the United Nations are: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice and the Secretariat. However, the United Nations family is much larger, with a budget of
US$ 2.535 billion for the biennium p>2-21. The main source of funds is the assessed contributions of Member States according to the scale approved by the General Assembly.
the fundamental criterion on which the scale of assessments is based is the capacity to pay of countries. When determining the capacity to pay, we should take into account the relative share of each country in the gross national product, and adjust it according to the per capita income of each country.
In addition, countries share the cost of peacekeeping operations; In 2, the cost of peacekeeping was about $2 billion. The basic scale has been revised to become the basis for sharing this cost.
United Nations family
The United Nations family of institutions consists of the United Nations Secretariat, United Nations programmes and funds, such as the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and specialized agencies. Programmes, funds and specialized agencies have their own governing bodies and budgets, and set their own standards and guidelines. They provide technical assistance and other forms of practical help in almost all aspects of economic and social activities.
The United Nations was established on October 24th, 1945, and 51 countries promised to maintain peace through international cooperation and collective security. Today, almost every country in the world has joined the United Nations. The United Nations has 191 Member States.
When a country becomes a member of the United Nations, it agrees to accept the obligations of the Charter of the United Nations. The Charter of the United Nations is an international treaty, which stipulates the basic principles of international relations. According to the Charter, the four purposes of the United Nations are: maintaining international peace and security; Developing friendly relations between countries; Cooperate to solve international problems and enhance respect for human rights; Become a center for coordinating the actions of all countries.
The United Nations is not a world government and does not make laws. However, the United Nations provides solutions to help resolve international conflicts and formulates policies on matters that affect us all. At the United Nations, all Member States, big or small, rich or poor, regardless of their political views and social systems, have the right to speak and vote in this process.
the United nations has six main organs. Among them, the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council and the Secretariat are located at United Nations Headquarters in new york. The sixth principal organ is the International Court of Justice, which is located in The Hague, the Netherlands.
General Assembly
All Member States of the United Nations sent representatives to attend the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a "world parliament" that meets to consider the most pressing issues in the world. Each Member State has one vote. Key issues such as the maintenance of international peace and security, the admission of new Member States and the formulation of the United Nations budget are decided by a two-thirds majority. Other matters are decided by a simple majority. In recent years, the General Assembly has made special efforts to take decisions by consensus rather than by a formal vote.
In 21/22, the General Assembly considered 18 different topics, including globalization, AIDS, conflicts in Africa, environmental protection and strengthening new democratic institutions. The General Assembly cannot force any country to take action, but its recommendations are an important voice of world public opinion and represent the moral authority of the international community.
The General Assembly holds a regular session from September to December every year, and holds a resumed session or a special or emergency meeting on issues of special concern when necessary. When the General Assembly is not in session, its work is carried out by the six Main Committees, other subsidiary organs and the United Nations Secretariat.
Security Council
The Charter of the United Nations entrusts the Security Council with the primary responsibility of maintaining international peace and security. Whenever peace is threatened, the Security Council can meet at any time. All Member States have the obligation to implement the decisions of the Security Council in accordance with the provisions of the Charter.
the security Council has 15 members. China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States are permanent members. The other 1 members are elected by the General Assembly for a term of two years. In recent years, Member States are discussing the issue of changing the membership of the Security Council and are committed to reflecting the current political and economic reality.
The Security Council needs nine affirmative votes to make a decision. Except for voting on procedural issues, as long as any permanent member votes against (vetoes), the Security Council cannot make a decision.
When considering issues that threaten international peace, the Security Council should first explore ways to settle disputes peacefully. The Council may propose principles for settlement or conduct mediation. In the case of fighting, the Security Council strives for a ceasefire. The Security Council can send peacekeeping missions to help the parties maintain a truce and separate hostile forces.
The Security Council can take measures to enforce its decisions. The Security Council may impose economic sanctions or order an arms embargo. In rare cases, the Security Council authorized Member States to use "all necessary means", including collective military action, to implement its decisions.
The Security Council also makes recommendations to the General Assembly on the selection of the Secretary-General and the admission of new Members of the United Nations.
economic and social Council
under the overall leadership of the general assembly, the economic and social Council coordinates the economic and social work of the United nations and the organizations of the United nations system. As a central forum for discussing international economic and social issues and formulating policy recommendations, the Economic and Social Council plays a key role in strengthening international cooperation for development. The Economic and Social Council also held consultations with non-governmental organizations to maintain a key link between the United Nations and civil society.
The Economic and Social Council has 54 members, who are elected by the General Assembly for a term of three years. The Economic and Social Council meets all year round, and holds major meetings in July every year, including a special ministerial meeting to discuss major economic, social and humanitarian issues.
The subsidiary bodies of the Economic and Social Council meet regularly and report to the Council. For example, the Commission on Human Rights monitors respect for human rights around the world. Other institutions focus on social development, the status of women, crime prevention, narcotic drugs, environmental protection and other issues. The five regional commissions are responsible for promoting economic development and cooperation in their respective regions.
Trusteeship Council
The Trusteeship Council was established to exercise international supervision over 11 Trust Territories administered by seven Member States and to ensure that appropriate steps were taken to prepare the Trust Territories for autonomy or independence. By 1994, all Trust Territories had achieved autonomy or independence, some became independent countries, and some joined neighboring independent countries. The last country to achieve autonomy was Palau, a trust territory of the Pacific Islands administered by the United States, becoming the 185th Member of the United Nations.
The Trusteeship Council is now composed of five permanent members of the Security Council. Since its work has been largely completed, the Trusteeship Council has revised its rules of procedure to enable it to meet when necessary.
International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice (also known as the World Court) is the main judicial organ of the United Nations, consisting of 15 judges jointly elected by the General Assembly and the Security Council, and is responsible for ruling on disputes between countries. The state voluntarily participates in the proceedings, but if it agrees to participate, it is obliged to abide by the court's ruling. The Court also provides advice to the General Assembly and the Security Council upon request.
Secretariat
The Secretariat carries out the substantive and administrative work of the United Nations according to the instructions of the General Assembly, the Security Council and other organs. The head of the Secretariat is the Secretary-General, who is responsible for providing overall administrative guidance.
at present, there are several departments and offices in the secretariat, and there are about 7,5 staff in the regular budget, and the number of staff in the special funds is similar. The staff come from more than 17 countries. Duty stations include United Nations Headquarters in new york and United Nations offices in Geneva, Vienna, Nairobi and other locations.
United Nations system
The International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and 12 other independent organizations called "specialized agencies" maintain contact with the United Nations according to cooperation agreements. The World Health Organization and the International Civil Aviation Organization also belong to such institutions. These institutions are autonomous institutions established by intergovernmental agreements. These institutions have a wide range of international responsibilities in the economic, social, cultural, educational, health and related fields. Some of these institutions, such as the International Labour Organization and the Universal Postal Union, were founded before the United Nations.
In addition, some United Nations offices, programmes and funds, such as the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) or the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), are responsible for improving the economic and social conditions of people all over the world. These bodies are accountable to the General Assembly or the Economic and Social Council.
All the above organizations have their own governing bodies, budgets and secretariats. Together with the United Nations, these organizations are collectively referred to as the United Nations family, or the United Nations system. Together they provide technical assistance and other forms of practical assistance. It covers almost all economic and social fields.
● The United Nations formulated the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) with great historical significance, and formulated more than 8 human rights treaties that helped to protect and promote specific rights.
● United Nations peacekeeping operations are an important tool for maintaining peace. At present, 87 countries provide about 47,65 United Nations military and civilian personnel to carry out 15 peacekeeping operations around the world.
● The United Nations environmental conventions promote the reduction of acid rain in Europe and North America, the reduction of marine pollution all over the world, and the gradual cessation of the production of various gases that destroy the earth's ozone layer.
● The United Nations and its agencies, including the World Bank and the United Nations Development Programme, are the main driving force for promoting development in poor countries, and the annual assistance provided is worth more than $3 billion.
● In the past 5 years, the number of international laws formulated through the United Nations has exceeded the sum of history.
● Immunization every year has saved the lives of 3 million children, but nearly 3 million children have died of preventable diseases. UNICEF, WHO, the World Bank Group, private foundations, the pharmaceutical industry and governments have joined hands to launch a new initiative, the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization, aimed at reducing child mortality to zero.
● The World Food Programme provides about one third of the world food aid every year.
● Passing countries