how to understand that distribution according to work is the distribution principle of socialism in China? The system of distribution according to work is the socialist distribution principle in China, the socialist market economy system in China and an important part of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's economic construction. To understand why, the following questions should be clarified: 1. The meaning of distribution according to work 1. Distribution according to work is the distribution principle of individual consumer goods within the scope of socialist public ownership economy. Its main contents are: Anyone who has the ability to work should do his best to work for the society. Society takes labor as the yardstick for distributing personal consumer goods, and distributes personal consumer goods according to the quantity and quality of labor provided by laborers, and receives labor remuneration for equal labor. First of all, anyone who has the ability to work must take part in labor as a condition for obtaining consumer goods. People who have the ability to work must not eat without labor. Secondly, the object of distribution according to work is personal consumer goods, not all social products. The distribution according to work is not to use all the wealth created by workers for distribution, but to distribute personal consumer goods according to the principle of distribution according to work after deducting all kinds of funds and materials necessary to ensure the development of society and enterprises. The total social product-(social production fund+social consumption fund) = the part of personal consumer goods used for distribution. Social production fund (compensation for means of production, expansion of reproduction; Reserve insurance fund to deal with unexpected accidents); Social consumption funds (social management expenses, expenses needed to meet social needs such as schools and hospitals, and funds set up for people who have lost the ability to work) Thirdly, the society takes labor as the yardstick for distributing personal consumer goods. Equal amount of labor receives the same amount of personal consumer goods. More work is more, less work is less, and no work is allowed. Second, the characteristics of distribution according to work in China's socialist market economy, distribution according to work envisaged by Marx, It is the physical distribution of personal consumer goods. Because he predicts that commodity production will die out under socialist conditions, and the categories and relationships such as value, price and currency no longer exist, after the laborer provides labor to the society, he will no longer receive monetary wages, but will receive a labor security, which indicates how many hours of labor he has provided (excluding the part deducted by the society), and he will receive personal consumer goods with the same amount of labor from the social reserve with this labor security. According to Marx's idea, since the means of production are owned by the whole society, distribution according to work is also implemented according to the unified standards of the whole society. As the standard of distribution, the labor scale is measured according to the average labor skills, average labor proficiency and average labor intensity. However, under the market economy conditions in the primary stage of socialism, the realization forms and characteristics of distribution according to work, It is very different from what Marx originally imagined. The socialist market economy requires all economic activities of people, including the distribution of personal consumer goods, to be carried out through the market. This determines that the realization of distribution according to work has the following characteristics: 1. Distribution according to work is realized through the form of commodity currency. The distribution according to work predicted by Marx is the physical distribution of personal consumer goods, because he believes that there is no commodity economy in socialist society. But in fact, The socialist economy is still a commodity economy, and market regulation is implemented, so the categories and relationships such as value, price, money, trading and market will coexist. After providing labor to the society, every member of society will receive monetary wages according to the principle of getting more for more work, getting less for less work and receiving equal remuneration for equal work. Then use money to buy what you need from the market. 2. Distribution according to work is implemented within the scope of public-owned enterprises. Because the real socialist society has not realized that the whole society has all the means of production, there are still different forms of ownership, collective ownership of the working people and non-public economy, so it is impossible to implement the unified distribution according to work standard of the whole society. Especially under the conditions of market economy, Even the unified labor remuneration standard of the whole industry has been broken. Even if different state-owned enterprises in the same industry have different economic benefits, their wages and bonuses are linked to the benefits of each enterprise, so the labor remuneration among enterprises is different, and the principle of distribution according to work for equal amount of labor can only be implemented within each enterprise. The personal income of workers depends not only on the quantity and quality of labor provided by the workers themselves. It also depends on (and above all depends on) the operating conditions of enterprises. 3. The degree of realization of distribution according to work is restricted by market mechanism and monetary wage form. On the one hand, market mechanism restricts the level of distribution according to work. Under the action of market mechanism, the production and operation effects of various enterprises are different, and the economic income is different, so the level of distribution according to work will be obviously different. On the other hand, The form of monetary wages also restricts the realization of distribution according to work. The process of purchasing consumer goods with monetary wages is affected by market supply and demand and prices. If consumer goods are in short supply, monetary wages can't buy the needed consumer goods or the price is too high, which affects the realization of distribution according to work. Due to unreasonable prices, it may cause the consumption that workers should get according to the principle of distribution according to work. The inconsistency between the consumption actually purchased by the same monetary wage affects the realization of distribution according to work. 4. The evaluation criteria of distribution according to work are multiple, not single. Social labor is the premise of realizing distribution according to work, but social labor is affected by many factors such as different industries, regions, competition and supply and demand. It can't be measured uniformly in the whole society. The fairness of distribution according to work is restricted by market mechanism and market maturity. 3. Reasons and significance of distribution according to work as the main body (1) In socialist society, the principle of distribution according to work is the basic principle of Marxism. The content of distribution according to work is that everyone who has the ability to work should do his best to work for the society, and the society takes labor as the yardstick for distributing personal consumer goods. Distribute personal consumer goods according to the quantity and quality of labor provided by laborers, and receive equal remuneration for equal work, with more work and more pay, and no workers can eat. The principle of distribution according to work in socialist society is determined by its objective economic conditions. First of all, socialist public ownership of means of production is a prerequisite for distribution according to work. The establishment of public ownership of means of production has realized the equality of workers in the possession of means of production. Within public ownership, people can't take the fruits of other people's labor for free with public means of production, so that consumer goods can be distributed in a way that is beneficial to workers. Secondly, the development level of socialist social productive forces is the material condition for implementing distribution according to work. The level of social productive forces and the level of labor productivity determine that socialist society will not have to achieve average distribution for the survival of groups like the primitive society with extremely low productivity. It is also impossible to implement distribution according to needs, as in the materialistic society with abundant materials. As a means of livelihood, labor requires the same amount of labor to get the same amount of remuneration. Therefore, distribution according to work is an inevitable choice in socialist society. Thirdly, in socialist society, the old division of labor has not disappeared, and there are still major differences in labor. Labor is still a means of livelihood. It is the direct cause of implementing distribution according to work. (II) The inevitability of implementing distribution according to work in socialism. The establishment of socialist public ownership will inevitably require the distribution of personal consumer goods to implement the principle of distribution according to work. Production determines distribution, and the distribution form of personal consumer goods depends on the form of production. Distribution according to work is the realization of workers' interests in socialist public ownership. It is determined by the socialist public ownership of the means of production and the relationship between people in the production process. In the final analysis, it is determined by the development of socialist social productive forces, which is objective and inevitable. First, the establishment of socialist public ownership of the means of production requires a corresponding distribution system. What kind of ownership forms of the means of production are there? There is a corresponding mode of distribution of consumer goods. The form of distribution of consumer goods is determined by the nature of ownership of the means of production. The establishment of public ownership of the means of production in socialist society makes the means of production jointly owned by workers, and the workers become the masters of the means of production. Therefore, it is impossible for anyone to get income for nothing by virtue of private ownership of the means of production. That is to say, Public ownership determines that individual consumer goods can only be distributed according to work. Distribution according to work is a distribution method that is beneficial to workers under the condition of public ownership, and it is the realization or implementation of public ownership. Second, because of the existence of the old social division of labor and the fact that labor has not become the first need of workers' lives, it is still a means of making a living, which is the direct reason for the implementation of distribution according to work. In socialist society, the old social division of labor has not disappeared. The difference between mental labor and manual labor, simple labor and complex labor still exists, so there are still great differences in the quantity and quality of labor provided by various workers to the society at the same time. At the same time, people can't work for the society unconditionally and without compensation, and labor has not become the first need of people's lives, and it is still a means of making a living. Therefore, socialist society can only admit this difference in labor. And distribute personal consumer goods according to the quantity and quality of labor provided by laborers to the society, so as to arouse laborers' enthusiasm for labor and make them make every effort to contribute to society, thus promoting the development of socialist social productive forces. If we ignore this difference and characteristic of labor and uniformly distribute personal consumer goods, it will certainly dampen laborers' enthusiasm for production, which is not conducive to the development of socialist production. Third, The distribution of individual consumer goods according to work in socialist society is ultimately determined by the development level of social productive forces. The object of distribution is social products, and the realization of distribution according to work will first be restricted by the number of social products. Generally speaking, the more and richer the number of social products that can be distributed, The more it can provide a solid material foundation for the realization of distribution according to work, and the number of distributable products depends on the development level of productive forces. Under different forms of ownership of means of production, the number of distributable products is different because of the different development level of productive forces, so the distribution methods of personal consumer goods are different. In the primitive society with very low productivity, the number of distributable consumer goods is very small, and only the average distribution is implemented. In order to ensure that people get the minimum living conditions, so as to ensure the existence and development of society. Therefore, the average distribution of products is the only feasible distribution method that is extremely low in productivity, reflects the requirements of public ownership in primitive society, and conforms to the same interests of social members. In a * * * productive society with high productivity, due to the great wealth of products, It is possible to realize the form of distribution according to needs. As a socialist society in the primary stage of * * * capitalist society, the level of productivity has not reached the level of * * * capitalist society, and the products have not been greatly enriched. Therefore, it can neither implement the average distribution like the primitive society, nor have the conditions to implement the distribution according to needs of * * capitalism, but can only implement distribution according to work. In short, under the socialist system, individual consumer goods are implemented according to work. It is determined by the objective economic conditions of socialist society, and it is an objective law that does not depend on people's will. (3) Significance and limitations of distribution according to work is a profound revolution in the distribution system in the history of human society, and it is compatible with the development level of socialist production mode and productive forces. Therefore, the implementation of distribution according to work is not only conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm and creativity of workers, but also conducive to consolidating and developing socialist public ownership. Promote the development of socialist production. At the same time, distribution according to work is a socialist distribution system, which is not only a denial of the exploitation system, but also has its historical limitations compared with the distribution according to need in the * * * capitalist society. Because of the different physical strength and intelligence of workers, the different family populations supported by workers will inevitably lead to differences in labor remuneration among workers. This has formed formal equality in distribution according to work. Inequality in fact. This kind of inequality in fact is only the difference in people's living standards formed by "different personal talents". This difference and inequality are inevitable under socialist conditions. (4) Besides, the content and requirements of distribution according to work under the socialist public ownership of the means of production are: First, all members of society who have the ability to work must participate in labor before they have the right to participate in distribution. Second, the material object of distribution according to work is not all social products, but individual consumer goods in the total social products. The means of production in social products belong to the whole society and cannot be distributed to individual workers. That is, the consumer goods have to be deducted for the needs of society and workers, and the rest can be distributed among individual workers. Therefore, distribution according to work is based on the necessary social deduction. Third, the society takes labor as the scale of distributing personal consumer goods. The labor based on distribution according to work must be materialized labor that meets the needs of society and is recognized by society. Only that kind of labor recognized by society represents the real contribution of workers to society and is the basis of distribution according to work. In terms of quantity, it can only be measured by the average amount of labor in society, that is, the amount of labor cannot be measured by individual labor time. Individual labor hours must be reduced to the average social labor amount, and labor with different complexity and different proficiency needs to be reduced to the same simple labor, so as to compare in quantity. The society and the collective distribute individual consumer goods according to the average social labor amount provided by workers, which is recognized by society in quality and can be compared in quantity. Equal labor receives equal remuneration, more work and more pay, less work and less pay. To sum up, distribution according to work is the distribution principle of socialism. The personal income distribution system in the primary stage of socialism must adhere to the dominant position of distribution according to work. The dominant position of distribution according to work is reflected in its distribution principle in the whole social distribution field. It is also reflected in the principle of distribution that is the internal theme of public ownership economy. Adhering to the dominant position of distribution according to work is of great significance to the nature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's economic construction. Distribution according to work is the embodiment of socialist public ownership in distribution. Only by adhering to the dominant position of distribution according to work can the dominant position of public ownership be finally realized and the socialist nature of the basic economic system in the primary stage of this socialism be realized, and a harmonious economic interest relationship can be established on the basis of equal economic relations between people and people, and the goal of common prosperity can be guaranteed.