2010 National Civil Service Examination Application Questions and Answer Analysis (Prefecture and Municipal Level) 1. Notes 1. This test paper mainly tests the candidates' reading comprehension ability, implementation ability, problem-solving ability and written expression ability. The full score is 100 points.

The total time limit for the exam is 150 minutes.

2. Please read the given information carefully first, and then answer on the given answer sheet according to the "Application Requirements".

3. Please be sure to use a 2B pencil to fill in the admission ticket number in the designated position on the answer sheet, and use a pen or signature pen to answer in the designated position on the answer sheet.

Answers given in non-designated locations or with pencils will be invalid.

Do not fold the answer sheet!

2. Given information 1.

The ocean is an integral part of humankind's homeland and provides rich and valuable resources for the development of human society.

Marine resources include six categories: tourism, renewable energy, oil and gas, fisheries, ports and seawater.

There are more than 20,000 kinds of marine life in my country's waters, including more than 3,000 kinds of marine fish.

Natural gas resources are 14 trillion cubic meters, coastal placer resource reserves are 3.1 billion tons, and the theoretical reserves of marine renewable resources are 630 million kilowatts.

Offshore oil resources are approximately 24 billion tons.

With the rapid development of industrialization, urbanization and population growth, global ocean pollution has become increasingly serious.

It is very difficult to control marine pollution, especially inland seas like the Bohai Sea. Seawater is highly enclosed and has poor self-exchange capabilities. Once polluted, its self-renewal cycle takes at least 15 years.

The Bohai Sea is known as my country's "fish warehouse", "salt warehouse" and "marine park". However, in the past 30 years, pollution has increased and the situation is worrying.

Surveys show that there were 63 species of fish in the Bohai Sea in 1983, but only 30 species in 2004. Hairtail, bream, red sea bream, silver pomfret, etc. are almost extinct.

From 2000 to 2007, the Bohai Sea experienced 87 red tide disasters, with a cumulative red tide area of ??20,500 square kilometers.

In 2001, the State Council officially approved the "Bohai Blue Sea Action Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Blue Sea Plan") jointly formulated by the State Environmental Protection Administration, the State Oceanic Administration, the Ministry of Transport and other relevant departments and the four provinces and cities of Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning and Shandong.

In order to improve the quality of the marine environment in the coastal waters of the Bohai Sea, we strive to achieve a virtuous cycle of the marine ecological environment.

The "Blue Sea Plan" has a total investment of more than 50 billion yuan and has realized 427 projects, mainly including urban sewage treatment, marine pollution emergency response, coastal ecological construction, ship pollution control, etc.

The implementation area includes 13 coastal cities within the jurisdiction of Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning, and Shandong and the Bohai Sea, and will be implemented in stages every five years.

Environmental protection in coastal waters is planned to be promoted in stages, divided into short-term, medium-term and long-term goals.

The short-term goals to be achieved from 2001 to 2005 are: environmental pollution in the Bohai Sea is initially controlled, and the trend of ecological destruction is initially alleviated.

Scientific investigation and monitoring results prove that land-based pollution threatens the Bohai Sea. Domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, pesticide and chemical fertilizer pollution around the river basins entering the sea are the three land-based pollution sources; in addition, oil leakage from ships, offshore oil exploration and marine aquaculture additives are also

It will cause serious pollution to the ocean.

In the recent governance stage, a lot of work has been done to curb land-based sewage discharge. However, among the four sea areas in my country, the Bohai Sea coast has the largest number of sewage outlets that discharge excessive discharge into the sea, with a proportion of more than 90%.

There are 13 cities in three provinces and one city along the Bohai Sea. Many industries such as fishing, salt, agriculture, shipping, petroleum, tourism, and industry carry out economic development activities in the Bohai Sea. Government management departments such as oceanography, environmental protection, agriculture, and transportation, as well as the three provinces

The local governments of a city each have relevant management functions, so it is difficult to carry out comprehensive management of land and sea integration.

Some people joke that this is "a group of dragons making trouble in the sea" - "The ocean department does not go ashore, the environmental protection department does not go to the sea, those who are in charge of sewage do not control it, and those who manage it cannot control sewage." Many entities share the environmental and economic benefits of the Bohai Sea, which means

Making the Bohai Sea a typical "commons" directly affects the enthusiasm of coastal local governments for governance and results in low governance efficiency.

The "Bohai Plan" is only a policy document and does not have a legally enforceable effect. During the implementation process, it is difficult to use legal means to achieve the integration and unification of the management system, monitoring system, investment system, statistical system, and evaluation system, which also directly affects governance.

Effect.

The 2004 Bohai Sea Environmental Quality Bulletin issued by relevant authoritative departments shows: "The scope of pollution has expanded compared with the previous year. The area that does not meet the clean sea water quality standards is about 27,000 square kilometers, an increase of about 6,000 square kilometers from the previous year, accounting for the total area of ??the Bohai Sea.

35%. Among them, the areas of lightly polluted, moderately polluted and severely polluted sea areas increased by 44%, 56% and 57% respectively compared with the previous year. Continuous monitoring results in recent years show that the level of pollution has increased significantly in the 21st century.

From now on, environmental pollution in the Bohai Sea has not been effectively controlled, and the area of ??lightly, moderately and severely polluted sea areas has been on the rise. "Obviously, the short-term goals of the Blue Sea Plan will be difficult to achieve as scheduled, but many experts also pointed out that the implementation of the Blue Sea Plan cannot be denied.

"The positive significance of "Haibo Environmental Protection Master Plan (2008-2020)" after all, it provides lessons that can be used for reference.