Based on the continuous implementation of China's social security policy from urban to rural areas in recent years, the continuous improvement of the social security system, and the government's increasing attention to people's livelihood issues, we decided to do a study on the social security system in order to have a deeper understanding of China's existing social security system, inspect its implementation, and put forward some suggestions on the problems existing in the implementation process from the perspective of college students. The specific research objectives are as follows: In-depth study of China's existing social security system and its legal protection.
Investigate the implementation of social security and analyze whether the existing implementation mechanism is reasonable.
To find a scientific basis for promoting China's social security on the road of stereotyped, stable and sustainable development.
Put forward reasonable suggestions, build a more reasonable social security system and promote its further development.
Investigation method, case analysis
Investigation on the rescue measures of "zero-employment families" by the policy of "one old and one small" medical insurance and the policy of "old-age security benefits for elderly residents without social security"
Visit Hancunhe Town, xx District, xx City, and investigate the time on the spot.
March 20, 2008 to March 36, 2008. Investigation Report: (1) Foreword With the rapid development of China's economy, various unstable factors and contradictions in China are constantly changing. Labor and social security have become major events related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and the government also attaches great importance to them. Every national regulation, policy and action on labor and social security is closely related to people's life and national development, which has had an extraordinary impact on society and the masses and achieved fruitful results. The people's life has been guaranteed, the burden has been reduced, and the warm care of the party and the country has been felt. But at the same time, due to the influence of economic development level, policy implementation, geographical and natural conditions and other factors, China's social security has not yet formed a perfect and orderly system, and laws and regulations are not very complete. Various corresponding institutions have also appeared various loopholes and deficiencies in the process of implementing existing policies. Therefore, we investigated the labor and social security work in xx District of xx City, in order to further understand the existing social security policies in China, find out the existing problems and deficiencies, and put forward feasible suggestions based on the development history and experience of social security in China, so as to make contributions to the development of social security in China. The format of social investigation report How to write a social investigation report? A social investigation report for middle school students and a social investigation report for college students (II) Development course and social status quo Labor and social security are the foundation of people's livelihood and sunrise industries for maintaining social stability. With the economic growth, the social security in this area has grown steadily from scratch, from low to high, and from point to area. Through the efforts of several generations of social security workers, this area has formed a basically perfect social security system that conforms to local natural conditions and is beneficial to people's livelihood, providing protection and convenience for people's lives.
The resident population in this area is 886,000, and the registered population is 758,000. Its social security work has achieved excellent results, and the completion of various task indicators ranks among the best in xx area every year. In 2007, for example, there were 253/kloc-0 pension insurance units, an increase of 970,000 over the previous year; 2,483 units participated in unemployment insurance, with 1.287 million, an increase of 0.98 million over the previous year; There were 282 1 unit and135,700 employees participating in work-related injury insurance, an increase of 34,600 over the previous year; There are 67,700 maternity insurance units 183 1 unit, an increase of 9,400 over the previous year; There are 2,523 medical insurance units with 6,543,800+079,000 people, an increase of 25,600 people over the previous year. While expanding the coverage of social insurance, the region has also accelerated the establishment of a social security system covering all urban and rural residents, and gradually realized the organic connection between social insurance and social security system, which has made great contributions to maintaining social stability and promoting the healthy economic and social development of the region. (III) Analysis of policy examples With the development of economy and other factors, the social security cause is gradually advancing. According to the unique social situation, the labor and social security bureau of this region has issued a series of policies and regulations. The following is an example: case 1: "one old and one small" critical illness medical insurance policy 1. Institutional structural defects of policy origin: In recent years, the medical security system in xx city has been continuously improved and covered. However, there are still quite a few groups, including some college students, primary and secondary school students, infants and some elderly people in cities and towns, who are not covered by medical insurance. Their medical treatment has become a hot spot of social concern, especially the medical expenses of some seriously ill patients have brought a heavy burden to families and society, which has affected the process of building a harmonious society. Legal basis: On June 8, 2007, the xx municipal government issued the Implementation Opinions on Establishing the Medical Insurance System for the Elderly and Students and Children with Serious Diseases in xx (Zheng Jingfa [2007] 1 1No.), which means that the medical insurance system for urban workers in this city will be transformed into the medical insurance system for urban residents, and the medical insurance system will be continuously improved and its coverage will be further expanded.
2. Specific implementation measures Payment standard: (1) The minimum payment standard for reimbursement of serious illness medical insurance for urban elderly is 1300 yuan, and the excess is reimbursed by 60%. The maximum accumulated payment in a medical insurance year is 70,000 yuan. (2) The deductible line for reimbursement of medical insurance for students and infants with critical illness is 650 yuan, and the excess is reimbursed by 70%. The maximum cumulative payment for a medical insurance year is 6.5438+0.7 million yuan. Payment standard: (1) Financing standard of urban elderly medical insurance for serious illness: per person per year 1.400 yuan, in which urban elderly individuals pay 300 yuan; Financial subsidy 1 100 yuan. (2) Funding standard of medical insurance for serious illness of students and children: RMB 100 per person per year (calculated by academic year), in which individuals or families pay 50 yuan; Financial assistance to 50 yuan. Insurance mode: medical insurance for the elderly in cities and towns is from 1 in October to 1 in February to 3 1 every year. From September 1 to 1 October 30, pay the medical insurance premium for serious illness in one lump sum according to the payment standard, and enjoy the medical insurance treatment for serious illness from June 65438+1October/the following year. Those who meet the conditions of insurance in that year shall, within 90 days from the date of reaching the age of insurance, go to the social security office where the household registration is located to handle the payment procedures of medical insurance for serious illness of the urban elderly, and pay the medical insurance premium of that year in one lump sum according to the payment standard. Enjoy the medical insurance treatment for serious illness of the elderly in cities and towns from the month after the insured payment, and enjoy the treatment until 65438+February 3 1 of that year. Students and children take September 1 every year to August 3 1 the following year as the year of critical illness medical insurance. All kinds of schools and kindergartens are responsible for the payment of medical insurance for serious illness of registered students and children. Students and children in schools and kindergartens pay the medical insurance premium for critical illness in one lump sum from July/KLOC-0 to September 30th every year according to the payment standard. Out-of-school children and scattered infants and young children are sent by their parents to their registered residence from June 1 day to August 3 1 day every year (reproduced from the website of the first model, please keep this mark. ) Go to the local street (township) social security office to pay the medical insurance for serious illness of students and children, pay the medical insurance for serious illness in one lump sum according to the payment standard, and enjoy the medical insurance for serious illness from September 1 day. Settlement of medical treatment: The elderly and students and children in cities and towns need to hold the Handbook of Serious Illness Medical Insurance for the Elderly in xx Cities and the Handbook of Serious Illness Medical Insurance for Students and Children in xx Cities issued by social insurance agencies. Urban elderly and students and children in hospital or outpatient treatment of special diseases, medical expenses paid by individuals in advance, the medical expenses incurred by the designated medical institutions accounting. At the time of settlement, the part paid by the serious illness medical insurance fund shall be settled by designated medical institutions and social insurance agencies, and the rest of the medical expenses shall be settled by individuals and designated medical institutions.
3. Policy Features This critical illness medical insurance has five characteristics: First, critical illness is guaranteed, and inpatient and outpatient critical illness is listed as the guarantee content to resolve the risk of critical illness. Second, government subsidies are high. Every year, the government grants 1 100 yuan to the insured urban elderly, and grants 50 yuan to the insured students and children. Third, individuals pay less. Old people in cities and towns only pay 300 yuan every year, while students and children pay 50 yuan every year. Fourth, the coverage is large. This serious illness medical insurance system will cover 2 million people, forming a multi-level medical security system covering urban and rural areas. Fifth, the system is well connected. This serious illness medical insurance system is effectively connected with the existing urban workers' medical insurance, free medical care, new rural cooperative medical system and children's mutual assistance system.
4. After the implementation of the results, it is an important measure for the government to bring the "one old and one small" population into the social security system to improve people's livelihood. In order to ensure the "one old and one small" insured smoothly, the Labor and Social Security Bureau of xx District of xx City has taken many measures and made outstanding achievements in "one old and one small": by the end of 2007, there were 163 medical insurance units for one old and one small serious illness in xx area, with 66,555 insured persons. Among them, there are 10079 elderly people with no medical security in cities and towns, accounting for 148 438+0% of the number of participants in the survey at the beginning of the year, and 56476 students and children; There are 45 190 urban residents and 286 agricultural residents1/kloc-0. In addition, there are 465,438+10,000 agricultural registered students and children in xx area who voluntarily choose to participate in the new rural cooperative medical system. At present, xx District has audited and reimbursed 354,500 yuan for medical expenses for 223 urban insecure elderly, students and children. 5. The mass viewpoint Since the implementation of the "one old and one small" serious illness medical insurance policy, most elderly people, children and students in the scope have actively participated in the insurance, the scope of the policy has been continuously expanded, the number of beneficiaries has been continuously increased, and the social security system related to people's livelihood has been continuously improved, which has promoted the harmony and stability of the whole society and provided a solid backing for economic development. However, the more developed it is, the easier it is to find problems, especially the beneficiaries who are at the forefront of policies, and the easiest to find the shortcomings of the system and the problems in the implementation process. To this end, this group specially interviewed the beneficiaries. The so-called "the eyes of the masses are discerning", so the opinions of the masses are also worthy of attention. First of all, when talking about this policy, most people think that the government can regard such a move as a great concern for people's livelihood, but this does not mean that the policy is perfect. They believe that the "one old and one small" medical insurance policy involves too many restrictions on various medical expenses reimbursement conditions. For example, equipment expenses that account for a large proportion of medical expenses in the process of serious illness treatment are not included in the scope of reimbursement. Converted down, the expenses that can be reimbursed are often only a few, and most of the expenses have to be borne by the people themselves. Of course, this is not entirely a question of the policy system. The country's economic level is still underdeveloped, so we can't just pay attention to fairness and ignore efficiency if we want to develop. I hope that in the future development process, social security can develop synchronously with the economy. Secondly, most people have this view. In the process of their medical treatment, hospitals often make use of people's ignorance of medical knowledge to make redundant medication and inspection items. The hospital believes that ordinary people have medical insurance, so it will not increase the burden. We believe that this kind of thinking and practice is extremely bad now, which is not only a plunder of state property, but also a great waste of social resources. Today, when the economy is in urgent need of sound and rapid development, neither of these situations should occur. This group believes that on the one hand, this phenomenon is the imperfection of the national supervision system, on the other hand, it is the lack of knowledge of the masses. Therefore, it is undoubtedly an urgent task to speed up the improvement of the country's institutional system in this regard and increase the propaganda of science, education, culture and health.
Case 2: "Old-age security benefits for elderly residents without social security" policy 1. The meaning of "elderly residents without social security" refers to the elderly who are over 60 years old in urban or rural areas, excluding those who meet any of the following conditions, and belong to the category of "elderly residents without social security": (1) Enjoy the retirement fee, retirement fee and resignation fee of government institutions; (2) Enjoy the retirement fee and living allowance for retirees issued by the social insurance pooling fund; (three) enjoy the industrial injury insurance fund issued by the one to four levels of industrial injury disability allowance, support immediate family pension; (4) Enjoy the living allowance for those whose land acquisition is overdue; (five) to enjoy the retirement pension for military cadres who choose their own jobs, and to transfer the pension for military cadres under local management, and there is no pension for military employees; (6) Enjoy rural social endowment insurance benefits; (7) Continue to pay the basic old-age insurance premium. 2. Social reasons for the origin of the policy: In order to further improve the social security system, ensure the basic livelihood of the elderly residents, and achieve the social construction goal of "providing for the elderly", according to the Measures for the Old-age Security for Urban and Rural Elderly Residents without Social Security in xx City, the Labor and Social Security Bureau of xx District of xx City stepped up the implementation of the policy of "providing for the elderly residents without social security". Realistic reasons: the survey data of urban and rural insecure elderly residents show that there are 60-year-old and 50-year-old urban registered residents in xx District 15003, including 634 over 80, 3056 over 70-80 and under 7013; /kloc-There are 8,796 people in five townships (Chen Gong Street, Chengguan Street, Yanshan Office, Hebei Town, Liu Lihe Street) with more than 0/10,000 people, accounting for 59% of the total number of 25 townships. It can be seen that elderly residents account for a considerable proportion of the population in xx area. Doing a good job in social security for the elderly residents is not only a great leap in the social security system, but also the top priority of social security work in xx area. Only when the social security of the elderly is implemented can the significance of social security be truly reflected.
3. Specific implementation plan (1) The regional social security departments let people know about this policy by distributing brochures, and people take the form of voluntary declaration to participate in this social security activity. (2) This policy has been implemented since June 5438+1 October1. Older people who meet the requirements of elderly residents without social security can receive the Personal Application Form for Old-age Security for Urban and Rural Elderly Residents without Social Security in xx City through the local social security agency, fill in all the information in the form truthfully, and then submit it to the local social security agency for review. Generally speaking, an application form that meets all the requirements can get a monthly subsidy of 200 yuan RMB after 20 working days. (3) On the 20th of each month, the municipal labor and social security department will transfer the welfare pension to the elderly account on time through financial institutions. It should be noted that elderly people who apply after June 1 2008 can also receive the security fund from June 1 to the month of processing.
Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.