There are many sub-fields in the financial industry, which can be divided into banks, securities, insurance, trust, futures and funds.

I. Main categories of financial industry

1. Banking industry

In China, the banking industry mainly includes the People's Bank of China, commercial banks, urban credit cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives and other financial institutions established in China, as well as banking regulatory agencies and self-regulatory organizations. The "four big banks" we usually say belong to commercial banks.

A bank is a financial institution engaged in currency and credit business. It acts as an intermediary of credit by issuing credit currency, managing currency circulation, adjusting capital supply and demand, and handling currency deposit and loan settlement.

banks are the main body of modern financial industry and the hub of national economy.

2. Securities industry

Securities is a general term for all kinds of property ownership or creditor's rights certificates, which is used to prove that the holder of securities has the right to obtain relevant rights and interests according to the contents on the face.

The securities industry is a specialized industry serving securities investment activities, which consists of securities brokerage companies, stock exchanges and related commodity brokerage groups.

The basic functions of the securities industry can be summarized into four aspects:

① Capital raising.

② create and maintain an orderly securities market.

③ analyze economic and financial information.

④ help investors to manage their investment.

in p>218, the top 1 securities companies with market share are Huatai Securities, Guotai Junan, CITIC Securities, china galaxy, Haitong Securities, Shenwan Hongyuan, Guangfa Securities, China Merchants Securities, Guoxin Securities and CITIC Construction Investment.

3. Insurance

Insurance refers to the business in which the funds collected through contracts are used to compensate the economic interests of the insured. The insurance market is a place where insurance is bought and sold, that is, both parties sign insurance contracts. It can be a centralized tangible market or a decentralized intangible market.

according to the different subject matter of insurance, insurance can be divided into two categories: property insurance and life insurance. According to the direct legal relationship with the applicant, insurance can be divided into original insurance and reinsurance.

4. Trust industry

The so-called "financial management on behalf of others" means that the trustor entrusts his property rights to a trusted trustee, and the trustee manages the property for the benefit of the beneficiary or for a specific purpose according to the wishes of the trustor and in his own name.

whether trust and investment companies can develop and have the ability to undertake the preservation and appreciation of social assets depends on "expert financial management". Therefore, it is the foundation of trust and investment companies to cultivate and bring up a large number of talented people with knowledge, development vision and innovative consciousness and apply them to practice.

5. Leasing industry

Leasing industry provides credit services by combining financial credit and material credit. The general leasing activity is that the lessor rents the material materials owned by him to others for use under certain conditions, and the lessee pays the rent in accordance with the regulations during the use. There are two kinds of business activities in modern leasing industry: financing leasing and service leasing.

The mode of financing and financing in leasing industry can bridge the gap between demanders and manufacturers, and provide equipment or funds for good industries and good projects. In this process, it not only supported advanced manufacturing, agriculture and other industries, but also digested excess capacity and optimized the industrial structure. With the overall promotion of financial reform and the improvement of supporting policies, China's leasing industry will play a more important role in social financing.

post distribution and functions of the second and third pillars

1. Bank

Front desk post

General teller: handling various basic business of bank counter, including deposit and withdrawal in local currency, settlement and sale of foreign exchange, bill business, etc. Be responsible for answering the business consultation put forward by internal and external customers of the bank, and cooperate with the business development department to provide customer service.

account manager: responsible for the maintenance and expansion of bank wealth management business. Engaged in customer relationship management, marketing service plan planning and implementation, and directly serve customers.

middle office post

risk manager: responsible for the target market research and credit policy communication in the region, conducting pre-loan investigation with the account manager, issuing the project risk assessment report, doing a good job in risk early warning and monitoring the assets of the Department.

credit review: responsible for the review of credit business, controlling the risk management of credit projects, key links and risk points of credit business, and conducting compliance review of relevant procedures in the process of handling credit business.

financial management: responsible for the establishment of innovative projects, budget planning, tracking and analysis of innovative projects, and financial product design.

backstage post

internal audit manager: establish and improve the company's internal audit system and carry out audit work on the company, including financial audit, business process and internal control audit, expense and budget audit, etc. Responsible for the due diligence of the proposed project and issue the investigation report.

accounting manager: study the accounting treatment of various operations according to accounting standards, formulate the accounting treatment requirements of relevant operating systems, and prepare consolidated account statements, external financial disclosure statements and other financial statement data submitted to the regulatory authorities/head office.

2. Securities

Front desk position

Broker: responsible for business guidance, coordination and service to all business outlets and market expansion. Provide securities trading services for investors.

account manager: customer development, promotion and sales of financial products, cooperation with the company to provide customers with necessary securities services, and completion of customer development and sales tasks assigned by the marketing team.

researcher: responsible for collecting and analyzing macro data, market policies and systems, industry changes and financial products and materials, researching related topics and providing research reports.

risk management of middle-office posts

: establish and improve the internal risk control system and management process, and formulate unified risk management policies and systems; Continue to carry out risk management activities and improve the risk management reporting system.

compliance: review whether the company's various contracts and business matters meet the compliance requirements, conduct regular compliance inspections, make compliance reports and establish a compliance system.

backstage post

liquidation custody: responsible for the daily accounting, reconciliation and valuation of products, reviewing the valuation accounting terms agreed in the product contract agreement, and preparing accounting and financial statements.

information technology: responsible for the design, development and maintenance of trading system, clearing system and asset management system, and responsible for the daily deployment, operation and monitoring of network security system.

3. Insurance

Field

Insurance salesman: provide professional insurance knowledge consultation and service according to customer requirements; Recommend insurance types and related wealth management products, and formulate insurance plans.

back office

management training: organize research and analysis of the training needs of the front line of business, develop training courses according to the team development needs and training plans, carry out special training on a regular basis, and be responsible for the organization and implementation of training.

planning supervision: assisting in the planning of business strategy and providing data support; According to the market information, analyze the company's business indicators; Establish and improve the business tracking system, and evaluate the management process and results.