1. Implement the "seedling raising" project, cultivate small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, and accelerate their development.
The "seedling raising" project is to strengthen the incubation and cultivation of small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises and support their growth by using policy tools such as innovation funds, key new product plans, science and technology business incubators and overseas science and technology parks.
Innovation Fund1999 In May, the State Council officially approved the establishment of a special government fund to support the technological innovation of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises-the technological innovation fund for small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. The Innovation Fund adheres to the purpose of "supporting innovation and encouraging entrepreneurship" and actively explores the "open, fair and just" management and operation mode of public finance science and technology funds. In the past seven years, the Innovation Fund has supported nearly 8,000 projects in the technical fields such as electronic information, biomedicine, new materials, integration of optics, mechanics and electronics, resources and environment, energy conservation and new energy, and high-tech service industries in the form of free subsidies, loan interest subsidies, capital investment, etc., driving local governments and society to invest about 17 times as much as the central government. With the support of the Innovation Fund, more than 65,438+000 high-tech SMEs such as Wuxi Suntech have successfully listed on domestic and foreign stock exchanges. In order to strengthen the management of innovation fund projects, give full play to the guidance and leverage of financial funds, more effectively support the innovation and entrepreneurship of small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises, and cultivate the rapid growth of small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises, three major working systems, namely, the innovation fund network working system, the national innovation fund working system and the socialized cooperation system, have been initially established. Innovation fund has become the main channel for our government to support the development of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises and an important part of the national innovation system.
Science and technology business incubator is a science and technology entrepreneurship service institution aiming at promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and cultivating high-tech enterprises and entrepreneurs, and it is an important part of the national innovation system. Incubators have built a bridge between science and technology and economy, and become an important force for regional technological innovation, an important base for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and an important carrier for attracting and gathering scientific and technological talents. They have made outstanding achievements in promoting social, economic and technological progress, which have been fully affirmed and highly valued by the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, governments at all levels and departments. At present, China science and technology business incubators are developing towards diversification, specialization and internationalization. Science and technology business incubators have the following special forms:
● High-tech enterprise innovation service center is one of the main forms of technology business incubator. Serve newly established small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, provide facilities for R&D, trial production and business operation, provide services in policy, management, law, finance, financing, marketing and training, reduce venture risks and costs, improve the survival rate and success rate of enterprises, and cultivate successful scientific and technological enterprises for the society. From 1987, Wuhan East Lake Entrepreneurship Center, the first technology business incubator in China, grew to 534 in 2005, including 134 national incubators recognized by the Ministry of Science and Technology. There are nearly 40,000 incubating enterprises, accounting for13 of the national science and technology small and medium-sized enterprises, creating 7 1728 1, attracting nearly 460,000 scientific and technological talents to start businesses in various incubators, and accumulating 35 graduated enterprises171.
● The National University Science Park is a science and technology entrepreneurship service institution approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Education. National University Science Park, as a part of science and technology business incubator, is one of the main innovation sources of regional economic development and industrial technology progress, and an important platform for universities to realize social service function and Industry-University-Research. By 2005, there were 50 national university science parks approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Education, with 6075 enterprises, including 1746 high-tech enterprises and165438 enterprises founded by university teachers and students.
● Pioneer Park for Overseas Students is a public welfare science and technology service organization approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Personnel and the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs to attract overseas students to return to China to start businesses. Through the policy encouragement and support of various departments, the National Overseas Students Pioneer Park has opened up a "green channel" for overseas students to start their own businesses and introduced a large number of overseas students with successful studies to start their own businesses. At present, there are ***2 1 pilot units of the National Overseas Students Pioneer Park approved by three ministries and one bureau.
● International Business Incubator is a professional institution established in China to provide services for overseas scientific and technological research and development institutions and scientific and technological enterprises to carry out innovation and entrepreneurship activities in China. At the same time, it is also a service organization that helps high-tech enterprises in China to explore the international market, seek overseas partners, realize transnational business development, and provide all-round support and guarantee. Starting from 1996, the Ministry of Science and Technology has successively selected nine national entrepreneurial service centers in Beijing, Xi 'an, Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuhan, Tianjin, Chengdu, Chongqing and Guangzhou as pilot units of international business incubators.
China Overseas Science and Technology Park is an important measure to implement the development strategy of "bringing in" and "going out". It is to make use of "two markets and two resources" at home and abroad, organize and mobilize the government forces and social resources of the host country, and explore the establishment of an international service platform for overseas entrepreneurial development of high-tech enterprises in China. The Ministry of Science and Technology has approved the establishment of seven Torch Overseas Science and Technology Parks: China Torch (Singapore) Entrepreneurship Center, China-US Maryland Science and Technology Park, China-UK Science and Technology Park (Cambridge), China-UK Science and Technology Park (Manchester City), China-Russia Friendship Science and Technology Park, China-Austria Science and Technology Park, and China-Australia Science and Technology Park (Science and Technology Enterprise Incubation Center).
The national key new product plan is an important part of high-tech industrialization in the national science and technology planning system. Through policy guidance and support, we will promote the development of new products and the transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and the adjustment of product structure, and enhance the international competitiveness of products. Since the launch of 1988, the national key new product plan has given priority to supporting the development and trial production of new products with strong innovation, high technology content and independent intellectual property rights, actively researching, formulating or adopting international standards and advanced technical standards at home and abroad, especially strengthening support for equipment manufacturing and new products that can promote the solution of the "three rural issues".
2. Implement the "afforestation" project to promote the upgrading of high and new technologies from industrial clusters to innovative clusters.
Afforestation project is to further deepen the functions of national high-tech zones, characteristic industrial bases and software bases, promote the formation of industrial technology alliances and promote the upgrading of industrial clusters; Give play to the role of productivity promotion center and organize the development of various Industry-University-Research innovation alliance organizations; We will promote the pilot work of torch innovation pilot cities (districts) and explore the mechanism and environment for rapidly improving urban innovation capabilities.
National High-tech Industrial Development Zone is a modern high-tech industrial park established by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for developing China's high-tech industries, adjusting industrial structure, promoting the transformation of traditional industries and improving international competitiveness.
1In May 1988, the State Council approved the establishment of the first national high-tech zone-Beijing New Technology Industry Development Experimental Zone (Zhongguancun Science Park). By June 1997, 53 national high-tech zones had been approved. By 2005, there were 4 1.990 enterprises with 52 1.000 employees, and the total operating income was 34.41.50 billion yuan. Industrial added value, GDP and R&: D input account for 9%, 5% and 1/3 of the whole country respectively.
Since its establishment, the National High-tech Zone has gone through the initial stage with concept innovation and environmental construction as the core. The stage of innovation and construction with system innovation and perfect management system as the core and industrial development as the goal; At present, it has entered the second stage of entrepreneurship with improving the ability of independent innovation as the core. With the development of "building a world-class science and technology park" and "innovation park", the national high-tech zone will achieve a new leap.
Practice has proved that national high-tech zones always hold high the banner of innovation, give full play to the advantages of policies, resources and management in the zone, actively gather innovative resources, and explore connotative growth models. It has become a region in China with fruitful achievements in high-tech industrialization, concentrated high-tech enterprises, active private technology enterprises, strong atmosphere of innovation and entrepreneurship, and attention and entry of financial resources. It has become a model of intensive social and economic development, and has successfully embarked on a road to the development of Chinese-style science and technology industrial parks in China.
The characteristic industrial base of the National Torch Plan is a high-tech industrial cluster established to improve the regional independent innovation ability and the competitive advantage of characteristic industries by taking advantage of the regional resources such as talents, technology and capital, relying on a group of backbone enterprises with distinctive industrial characteristics, high industrial relevance, complete industrial chain, high technical level and strong innovation ability, and related small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. 1995, the Ministry of Science and Technology approved the establishment of the first national torch plan characteristic industrial base "Jiangsu Haimen New Material Industrial Base". By 2005, the Ministry of Science and Technology had identified 129 characteristic industrial bases of the National Torch Program, covering nearly 20 high-tech fields or specialties such as electronic information, and a large number of rapidly developing industrial clusters such as software, integrated circuits, communication equipment and biomedicine have formed throughout the country, becoming regional industrial structures.
National Torch Program Software Industry Base is a banner and an important force leading the development of software industrialization in China. From 65438 to 0995, the Ministry of Science and Technology began to set up the national torch program software industry base. After more than ten years' construction and development, the Ministry of Science and Technology has identified 32 national torch plan software industrial bases in China, forming a supporting service system consisting of government services, technical support, intermediary consultation, personnel training and park management, which has created and accumulated valuable experience for exploring the development path of software industrialization with regional characteristics. With the continuous development of software industrialization and internationalization of the National Torch Program, the Torch Center has carried out a number of innovative and effective work, such as the construction of a public service platform for software technology in the software industry base, the China Software Export to Europe and America Project (COSEP) and the development of software industry innovation clusters.
The national torch plan is an important part of the torch plan. It is a high-tech industrialization project that is oriented by market demand, based on the achievements of the national science and technology plan, and aims at developing high-tech products and forming high-tech industries. Focus on supporting projects in high-tech fields such as electronics and information, bioengineering and new medicine, new materials and applications, integration of optics, mechanics and electronics, new energy and energy efficiency, and environmental protection. Through the implementation of the torch plan project and the identification of high-tech enterprises to guide the implementation of the torch plan, the commercialization, industrialization and internationalization of high-tech achievements have been effectively promoted, and a number of high-tech enterprises and enterprise groups such as Lenovo, Haier, Huawei, Datang and Sitong have been created. The national torch plan project and key high-tech enterprises of the national torch plan have become well-known brands and important intangible assets of enterprises.
The special action of promoting trade through science and technology is a special science and technology work to promote the internationalization of torch plan, support the export of high-tech products with independent brands and intellectual property rights, and ensure the sustained, stable and rapid growth of high-tech products export. Starting from 1999, the special work of the action of rejuvenating trade through science and technology mainly includes the construction of environmental system for rejuvenating trade through science and technology, the identification and management of export bases of high-tech products, the strengthening of the "seedling cultivation" of independent brands in the bases and the construction of international technology transfer service platforms, the construction of overseas entrepreneurial platforms, the research on policies and measures to promote rejuvenating trade through science and technology, the compilation of the Export Catalogue of High-tech Products in China and the demonstration of key exports.
Productivity Promotion Center is a science and technology intermediary institution established to accelerate the rapid growth of small and medium-sized enterprises, enhance their innovation ability and market competitiveness, and give full play to their role in the development of science and technology economy. 1992, the Ministry of Science and Technology approved the establishment of the first productivity promotion center in China-Shandong Productivity Promotion Center. After more than ten years of development, it has initially formed a network of productivity promotion centers all over the country and major industries. By the end of 2005, there were 27 productivity promotion centers 1.27 nationwide, employing 1.6 million people, including 28 national productivity promotion demonstration centers 1.28.
Torch innovation experimental city (district) pilot work is to cultivate small and medium-sized enterprise groups driven by scientific and technological innovation more effectively, promote the upgrading of regional advantageous industrial clusters, and form a regional or local environment more conducive to supporting independent innovation through targeted functional policy experiments. The first batch of pilot cities (districts) are Zhongguancun Science Park in Beijing, Zhangjiang High-tech Park in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Ningbo, Dongguan and Wuxi. The work of torch innovation experimental city (district) is mainly divided into preparation for start-up, key implementation and follow-up, promotion and implementation, and summary and evaluation.
3. Build an environmental system for technological innovation and promote the industrialization of high and new technologies.
Promote technology transfer and improve and develop the technology market system through the market construction of technology, capital and talents; Promote financial innovation and improve the investment and financing service system of high-tech industrialization; Strengthen personnel training, and improve the talent team system for technological innovation environment construction and industrialization.
The technology market was born under the background of carrying out the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's decision of "opening the technology market and commercializing scientific and technological achievements". After nearly 20 years of development and practice, a basic operating framework of technology market has been initially formed, and an important platform for promoting the commercialization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements has been built. Technology market has become an important link between science and technology and economy in China. By the end of 2004, at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels, there were more than1.50,000 technology market management institutions, 20,000 technology contract recognition and registration institutions, more than 60,000 technology trading service institutions and technology trading institutions, with1.65438+0,000 employees, forming a relatively complete system. In the future, the technology market will play a more important role in promoting Industry-University-Research's integration, technology transfer and technology management.
Talent training is an important aspect of developing high-tech industries and an important guarantee to realize the commercialization, industrialization and internationalization of high-tech achievements. The training system for torch planners includes the establishment of training bases, training networks and information platforms. It mainly trains managers who are engaged in innovative environment construction and high-tech industrialization, and strives to cultivate scientific and technological management talents and scientific and technological industry talents who understand technology, are good at management, are brave in innovation and struggle. The goal of personnel training is to combine short-term and long-term, domestic and foreign, academic education and vocational training.
The construction of capital investment and financing system is an important link of high-tech industrialization. Torch Center has been committed to promoting the effective combination of torch plan and financial capital, attracting bank credit funds to participate in the implementation of torch plan and innovation fund, building a scientific and technological venture capital network, issuing bonds for the construction of high-tech zones, and cooperating with China Development Bank to build a loan platform for small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. Initiate and organize the socialization solution-the roadmap plan for the growth of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, aiming at creating a good development environment for small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises in China at different growth stages, promoting the pilot work of the transfer of listed shares of unlisted companies in Zhongguancun Science Park and expanding their operations.