First, actively innovate the form of establishing credit guarantee institutions and expand the sources of funds for guarantee institutions.

First of all, establish SME credit guarantee institutions from top to bottom. National credit guarantee institutions focus on providing support for high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises with high technology content, high risks and great impact on the national economy, while local guarantee institutions focus on supporting small and medium-sized enterprises within their respective jurisdictions. Second, constantly innovate the establishment forms of guarantee institutions, such as government-owned, government-controlled and membership system.

Two, establish and improve the external supervision system of SME credit guarantee institutions.

1. SASAC, finance, banking and other departments form a guarantee supervision committee to supervise the guarantee institutions. Guarantee institutions should adopt the form of company system to standardize operations and prevent risks. The guarantee institutions that are difficult to adopt the company system at present should be gradually standardized and transformed into limited liability companies when conditions are ripe. Small and medium-sized enterprise guarantee institutions funded by governments at all levels should all be incorporated into the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises and implement market-oriented operation. Governments at all levels shall not instruct specific guarantee behaviors, interfere with specific project decisions, or engage in specific business of credit guarantee for SMEs. The SASAC should closely cooperate with the financial department and the administrative department for industry and commerce, perform their duties, and effectively guide, supervise and manage the guarantee institutions according to law.

2, the establishment of credit guarantee industry association, the formation of industry code of conduct, strengthen industry self-discipline. The development of credit guarantee institutions for small and medium-sized enterprises needs not only the supervision and policy support of the government, but also the cooperation and self-discipline of the guarantee industry. The association shall, in accordance with the laws, regulations and policies on the construction of the guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises, formulate industry standards and business norms, and supervise the operation of guarantee institutions according to law. Through training, information integration, credit evaluation, discussion and exchange, etc., guide the guarantee institutions to carry out business. Through industry self-discipline, gradually standardize business operations, industry cooperation and information exchange, and establish the social credibility of SME credit guarantee institutions.

Third, improve the re-guarantee system and the risk dispersion mechanism.

1, gradually establish national and provincial re-guarantee institutions, carry out general re-guarantee and compulsory re-guarantee business for guarantee institutions, and effectively disperse guarantee risks. At the same time, the re-guarantee institution can also re-guarantee, that is, the re-guarantee institution will re-guarantee the insured risks to the national re-guarantee company through re-guarantee, so that the risks ultimately borne by the guarantee institution can be transferred to the maximum extent through multi-level re-guarantee.

2. Establish a government compensation mechanism to ensure that the guarantee institutions have stable supplementary funds. The scale of SME guarantee fund can neither be too small nor too scattered, and only when it reaches a certain scale can it resist risks (Mei Qiang, Tan, 2002). Government departments should establish the concept that as long as the loan guarantee conforms to the national industrial policy, the guarantee institutions operate in a standardized manner, and there is no artificial guarantee, then the greater the government guarantee compensation expenditure, the greater the effective bank loan that enterprises can obtain, which is more beneficial to the local social and economic development.

3. Establish risk-taking mechanisms for loan banks, insurance companies and guarantee institutions. To prevent banks from relaxing the examination of borrowers, we should strengthen the bank's loan responsibility through reasonable guarantee ratio. Therefore, in addition to determining the appropriate guarantee ratio and reasonably sharing the risks between lending banks and credit guarantee institutions, credit guarantee institutions should also regularly review the loan performance of lending banks. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the risk responsibility of small and medium-sized enterprises, such as forcing the main managers of small and medium-sized enterprises to provide counter-guarantee with personal property to restrain the business behavior of the main managers.

4. Implement joint guarantee to spread the guarantee risk. Two or more SME credit guarantee institutions jointly guarantee some projects with large amount of guarantee or in different places, which can spread some risks, facilitate the supervision of projects, enhance communication between institutions and achieve common development.