1. Analysis of pipeline transportation crude oil freight rates There are generally two forms of pipeline transportation charging standards: charging based on unit pipeline transportation volume, referred to as "pipeline transportation fees"; charging based on unit turnover (the product of transportation volume and transportation distance),

Referred to as "pipeline transmission unit price".

The crude oil pipeline transportation fees for my country's petroleum industry that implement unified freight rates are shown in Table 6-12.

It can be seen that under the same transportation distance, the pipeline transportation fee decreases with the increase of the pipe diameter; under the same pipe diameter, the pipeline transportation fee increases with the increase of the transportation distance.

Take the average of the transportation distance corresponding to each row in Table 6-12 (for example, 201~230, take 215), and calculate the freight price per unit turnover corresponding to different transportation distances and pipe diameters, as shown in Table 6-13

.

It can be seen that under the same transportation distance, the freight price per unit turnover significantly decreases with the increase of the pipe diameter. Under the same pipe diameter, this value decreases slightly with the increase of the transportation distance.

Table 6-12 The unit price list for pipeline crude oil transportation with unified freight rate (Unit: Yuan/t), continued table 6-13 The unit price list for pipeline crude oil transportation with unified freight rate (Unit: Yuan/t·km), continued table New creation

Pipeline transmission charging standards are generally calculated based on the principle of "new line, new price" and are based on the project's ability to obtain the pipeline industry's benchmark rate of return (take the after-tax internal rate of return before project financing, which is generally 12%).

The calculation formula of transmission fee is the oil and gas pipeline energy efficiency management formula, where: F is pipeline transmission fee; Co is cash outflow; Rb is subsidy income; Sv is the residual value of recovered fixed assets; W is the recovered working capital; Qt is the tth

The annual pipeline transportation volume; ic is the benchmark rate of return of the project; n is the project calculation period.

The calculation formula of the pipeline transmission unit price is the oil and gas pipeline energy efficiency management formula, where: Pf is the project pipeline transmission unit price; Qk is the distribution volume of the k-th distribution point; Lk is the distance from the first station to the k-th distribution point; m is the pipeline

The number of distribution points along the line.

2. Crude oil railway transportation freight analysis freight composition.

my country's current railway freight rate system includes basic railway freight, construction funds, electrification surcharges, new road new price equalized freight, cargo handling fees, truck transfer technical operation fees, insured insurance fees, miscellaneous fees and various collections, stamp duty etc.

For the convenience of explanation, this chapter takes the transportation of 50 trucks of Daqing crude oil from Daqing to Beijing as an example.

(1) Calculation of basic freight rates. Table 6-14 gives the classification and code list of some railway goods transportation, and Table 6-15 gives the freight rate table of some goods.

It can be found that the freight rates of crude oil vehicles are all No. 6; according to the freight numbers, the applicable freight rates (i.e., delivery base price and operating base price, or base price 1 and

Base price 2), you can see that the base price 1 of the No. 6 freight number corresponding to the oil product is 14.6 yuan/t, and the base price 2 is 0.0704 yuan/(t·km); the departure and arrival times are calculated according to the departure/arrival station and the odometer.

Mileage, the billing weight is determined based on the weight of the oil product and the vehicle type used; add the base price 1 applicable to the oil product plus the base price 2 multiplied by the mileage of the oil product, and then multiply it by the billing weight to calculate the basic freight

.

For example, to transport crude oil from Daqing to Beijing, 50 GH40 liquefied petroleum gas tank trucks (billing weight 65t) are used, and the billing weight when full is 65×50=3250t.

The freight mileage is 1572km (Daqing to Beijing).

Total basic freight = (delivery base price + operating base price × freight mileage) × billing weight = (14.6 + 0.0704 × 1 572) × 3250 = 4071 23 (yuan) basic freight per unit turnover = total basic freight / (billing

Weight × transportation mileage) = 4071 23.6÷(1 573

) Calculation of construction fund When transporting oil products by railway, the construction fund is calculated based on other cargo categories in the vehicle cargo, and the rate is 0.033 yuan/t.km.

The calculation formula of railway construction fund is: construction fund = rate × billing weight (number of boxes or axles) × freight mileage. In the above example, the construction fund is 0.033 × 3250 × 1572, or 168,597 yuan.

(3) Calculation of electrification surcharge When railway oil products are transported through the electrified section, electrification surcharge should be paid and calculated based on other goods in the vehicle cargo. The rate is 0.012 yuan/t·km.

The mileage of the electrified section is calculated according to the national electrification ratio. my country's current electrification ratio is 32.7%.