1. Discount and loan: As the lender of last resort, the central bank mainly provides financing to commercial banks through rediscounting and refinancing. There are also loans from the financial sector and assets of foreign financial institutions.

2. All kinds of securities: mainly refers to the securities trading of the central bank. The securities held by the central bank are generally government securities with relatively high credit rating. The central bank does not hold securities and engage in open market business for profit, but regulates the money supply through securities trading.

3. Gold and foreign exchange reserves: Gold and foreign exchange reserves are important means to stabilize the currency value and important reserves for international payments. The central bank bears the responsibility of managing gold and foreign exchange reserves for the country, and it is also an important way for the central bank to use funds.

4. Other assets: mainly including receivables and fixed assets.

The responsibilities of the central bank include:

1. Currency in circulation: As an issuing bank, issuing currency is the basic function of the central bank and the main source of funds for the central bank. The currency issued by the central bank is put on the market through rediscounting, refinancing, buying securities, buying gold and foreign exchange, becoming the currency in circulation and becoming the debt of the central bank to the public.

2. All kinds of deposits: including governments and institutions; Deposits from commercial banks and other financial institutions. As a national bank, the government usually entrusts the central bank with the responsibility of acting as an agent for the national treasury, and the central bank handles the deposits of the government and institutions. As a bank, the central bank's deposits in financial institutions include commercial bank deposit reserves and bill settlement demand deposits.

3. Other liabilities: including liabilities to international financial institutions or bonds issued by the central bank.