What are the "obstacles" for banks to support technological innovation? Promoting the construction of an innovative country and accelerating the transformation and upgrading of the economic structure are the top priorities facing the current economy and society.

In this process, the role of finance is particularly important.

As the bloodline of economic activities, finance plays a guiding, supporting and promoting role in promoting technological innovation and guiding the effective allocation of social resources.

How to eliminate the "blockers" in financial services from the institutional mechanisms and promote the transformation of our country's economy from factor-driven and investment-driven to innovation-driven, the financial industry has a lot of work to do.

——Yafu ■ my country's high-tech enterprises generally face the problem of "difficult and expensive financing", and relevant financial constraints have become a "stumbling block" to the development of innovative economy.

In the current financial landscape dominated by indirect financing, fully exploring and giving full play to the role of the banking system and promoting the reform of relevant mechanisms and systems are important hurdles that need to be overcome in the development of my country's science and technology finance.

■At this stage, my country's science and technology banks are dominated by science and technology branches, and science and technology branches and technology small loan companies coexist.

However, whether it is a technology branch established by a commercial bank or a technology microfinance company initiated by private capital, there is a large gap between the "ideal model" of technology banks and they are not technology banks in the true sense.

■Compared with corporate technological innovation, my country's commercial banks can provide fewer financing methods in terms of credit types, and they lack motivation and methods to innovate in terms of credit types, financing methods, settlement services, etc.

Especially for the technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises, there are few credit varieties and financing methods to choose from, and credit products lack pertinence.

The existing loan approval process cannot meet the characteristics of "soft, small, frequent and urgent" loans to small and medium-sized enterprises.

□ Li Ruoyu accelerates the innovation of scientific and technological financial services in the banking system. In February 2006, the State Council issued the "National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020)", which opened a period of rapid development of scientific and technological finance in our country, and the innovation of scientific and technological financial services has accelerated significantly.

As far as the banking system is concerned, the main aspects are as follows: 1.

Accelerate the establishment of science and technology branches. In 2007, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce submitted a proposal to establish a science and technology bank to the "Two Sessions" and recommended that it be piloted in qualified national high-tech parks.

Technology banks refer to banking institutions that provide financing services to technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises. Their business mainly provides product services for high-tech enterprises in technology introduction, technology research and development, new product testing and promotion, and other businesses related to technological innovation.

The “Silicon Valley Bank” in the United States is a typical successful model of technology banks.

The establishment of my country's technology bank was based on the "Silicon Valley Bank" model in the United States, combined with the objective reality of my country's financial development and financial system, and adopted the method of establishing "technology branches".

In 2008, with the joint promotion of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the People's Bank of China and the China Banking Regulatory Commission, provincial and municipal science and technology departments actively cooperated with local banking regulatory commissions and financial institutions to promote the establishment of technology branches by domestic commercial banks to provide financial services to technology-based enterprises.

Since the establishment of the first two science and technology branches in the country in Chengdu in January 2009, science and technology branches have blossomed all over the country, and all mainstream commercial banks have established science and technology branches.

By the end of 2013, more than 60 science and technology sub-branches had been established nationwide, and Jiangsu Province was the province with the most science and technology sub-branches in the country.

In November 2011, the Sino-US joint venture SPD Silicon Valley Bank was established. This is my country’s first technology bank with independent legal person status.

In order to better provide services to technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, technology branches usually enjoy the special policy of “one bank, two systems”.

In response to the characteristics of technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, the Science and Technology Branch has carried out a variety of financial innovations.

The main ones include: establishing a special bank loan review index system; introducing scientific and technological experts to the bank loan review committee; launching a variety of financial products and services mainly focusing on intellectual property pledge loans, and innovating a large number of "weak guarantee, weak mortgage" credit products;

Cooperate with other financial institutions such as venture capital institutions and guarantee companies to innovate business models; explore the establishment of independent loan risk tolerance and risk compensation mechanisms.

2.

Technology micro-loan companies have developed rapidly. Since the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the People's Bank of China launched the establishment of micro-loan companies in 2008, technology micro-loans have been launched in some regions across the country.

In 2009, Tianjin Science and Technology Microfinance Co., Ltd., the country's first microfinance company specializing in serving technology-based enterprises, was established.

In 2010, Jiangsu launched a pilot program for technology-based microfinance companies.

Tianjin Science and Technology Microfinance Company is only a small loan company targeting technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, and its system innovation and business model innovation are very limited.

The pilot science and technology microfinance company in Jiangsu has adopted a new model of "combining investment and lending", breaking through the tradition.

Pilot technology micro-loan companies can engage in venture capital business with funds not exceeding 30% of the company's net capital.

Since the pilot, as of 2013, Jiangsu Province has established more than 50 technology small loan companies, mainly distributed in national and provincial high-tech parks, economic development zones above the provincial level, and national university science parks.

In addition, Beijing, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Hebei and other regions are also actively carrying out pilot projects for technology small loan companies, or promoting local small loan companies to issue loans to technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises.