The name αβ has no meaning, it is just a name. It may be because these two symbols are special.

α stands for alpha and beta stands for beta.

The alpha coefficient refers to the difference between the absolute return of an investment or fund and the expected risk return calculated according to the beta coefficient. Simply put, the most common meaning of the alpha coefficient is excess return. The beta coefficient is a risk index used to measure individual stocks.

Or the price movement of a stock fund relative to the overall stock market.