/& gt； /& gt； This problem has aroused widespread concern. What kind of financing model should be established, the integration of urban and rural social security, migrant workers' security and social security
/& gt； /& gt； Fund management is a hot topic. The following will summarize the relevant viewpoints.
/& gt； /& gt； First, the status of China's social security system
/& gt； /& gt； 1. At present, China's social security system faces three major challenges. In the long run, it is necessary to solve a series of social and economic problems brought about by the aging population.
/& gt； /& gt； ; In the medium term, it is necessary to alleviate the huge social impact brought about by the transition from planned economy to socialist market economy; In the near future
, to consider how to according to the macro
/& gt； /& gt； Observe the fluctuation of economic situation, adjust the income and expenditure level of related projects in time, and ensure stable economic growth.
/& gt； /& gt； 2. The coverage is not complete. After the reform and opening up, China's social security system has changed, and social insurance funds have begun to turn to society.
/& gt； /& gt； Overall planning, the system revolves around the specific operation of "one center, two guarantees and three guarantee lines", but at present, the three guarantee lines can not be fully covered.
/& gt； /& gt； Covering the scope of urban poverty. There are more than 31000000 urban poor people in China, and the total number of people enjoying social security in199 is less than 3 million. In 2000,
/& gt； /& gt； Less than 4 million. Outside the coverage of the minimum living security, the traditional civil relief object is "incapable of working", which is a minority.
/& gt； /& gt； Marginal groups. In the system transition, those who are "able to work" but lose their job opportunities have also fallen into poverty, and their basic lives have also fallen into trouble.
/& gt； /& gt； It should also be guaranteed. In fact, the vast majority of these people can neither get the basic living expenses of laid-off workers nor enjoy the minimum living guarantee.
/& gt； /& gt； Treatment, they account for about 70% of the total number of "laid-off", "unemployed" and "waiting for posts" in cities.
/& gt； /& gt； 3. Rural social security needs to be developed urgently. It has been suggested that China's social security system is also obviously in line with the dual economic structure.
/& gt； /& gt； Dual characteristics: in the city, the social insurance system for enterprise employees has been established; In rural areas, family security is combined with collective assistance.
/& gt； /& gt； As the core content of modern social security system, social insurance has not been established in rural areas. Some people think that,
/& gt； /& gt； There is a huge gap between the establishment of rural social security system in China and the relevant treaties of the International Labour Organization. It is suggested that rural social security.
/& gt； /& gt； The fundamental reason for the lagging development is the mistake of government financial expenditure. Proportion of central financial social security expenditure to total central financial expenditure
/& gt； /& gt； 39% in Canada, 37% in Japan, 35% in Australia and about 10% in China, and most of this 10% investment goes to cities and towns.
/& gt； /& gt； Staff and workers.
/& gt； /& gt； 4. The social security level of laid-off workers is low. China's urban unemployment insurance coverage rate is extremely low, covering only formal employees, and it does not
/& gt； /& gt； Including non-employed people in rural practitioners and cities and towns, the proportion of national unemployment insurance funds to GDP is still very low. This state is used for
/& gt； /& gt； The funds for unemployment insurance for laid-off workers include two parts: one is to pay the basic living expenses of laid-off workers, which is a temporary financial expenditure, including enterprise expenses.
/& gt； /& gt； Part of the expenses paid; The second is the unemployment insurance fund expenditure. The total ratio of the two to GDP is 1996, which is 0. 16.
%, 1999 increased to 0.5 1%
/& gt； /& gt； ; It accounts for 65,438+0.265,438+0% of the total wages of employees in 1996, and 4.20% in 1999.
/& gt； /& gt； 5. Legislation lags behind. In China, apart from the Labor Insurance Regulations promulgated by 1953, there is no second institution, which can be regarded as social security legislation.
/& gt； /& gt； Will protect the law. Although rules and regulations have been formulated, they cannot replace the role of law. First of all, rules and regulations do not have the authority of law.
/& gt； /& gt； There is considerable room for manoeuvre. Secondly, some rules or regulations were formulated earlier, which can no longer meet the needs of reform and opening up. Finally, yes.
/& gt； /& gt； The "Regulations" and "Measures" are obviously temporary, that is, expedient measures. These are not conducive to the establishment and healthy development of China's social security system.
/& gt； /& gt； Second, what kind of pension financing model should be established?
/& gt； /& gt； The reform of social endowment insurance system in China for more than ten years has changed in insurance scope, financing channels and pension payment methods.
/& gt； /& gt； Great changes have taken place, but the financing model has not changed. Although the current endowment insurance system has individual accounts, it is empty because of its operation.
/& gt； /& gt； In essence, it still belongs to the pay-as-you-go type. People have different views on this system.
/& gt； /& gt； The first view is to establish an endowment insurance system based on fund system and strengthen supplementary endowment insurance for enterprises. People who hold this view believe that,
/& gt； /& gt； Some people worry that China's securities market is underdeveloped and the time for developing fund-based endowment insurance is not mature. This kind of worry is unnecessary. (1) Pension
/& gt； /& gt； The accumulation of funds has a process. First of all, the total amount of pensions that can be invested in the securities market is limited, and the government still has plenty of time to improve the securities.
/& gt； /& gt； Market. (2) According to the development of the securities market, the government can gradually relax the investment restrictions on pensions. (3) At the beginning of the reform, we can merge.
/& gt； /& gt； Introduce foreign fund managers' talents and experience by means of capital, etc., and improve the management level of domestic funds. In order to establish three pillars (the first pillar is the basic pension)
/& gt； /& gt； Insurance, the second pillar is enterprise supplementary pension insurance, and the third pillar is personal savings pension insurance), and the basic pension system should be reduced.
/& gt； /& gt； If the replacement rate of old insurance is too high, we should strengthen supplementary insurance for enterprises through tax incentives and implement compulsory payment for enterprises and individuals. Basic insurance
/& gt； /& gt； Personal accounts should be strictly separated from social pooling accounts, and should also be included in the scope of enterprise supplementary endowment insurance when conditions are ripe.
/& gt； /& gt； Some people think that if we keep the pay-as-you-go system unchanged, the hidden debt of the pension system will increase with the expansion of the coverage of the system.
/& gt； /& gt； The improvement and continuous accumulation of salary level. In the past, the coverage of China's pension system was small and the accumulated debt level was relatively low, but if it continues in the future,
/& gt； /& gt； Keeping the pay-as-you-go system will face more serious financial problems when the population is aging rapidly in the future.
/& gt； /& gt； The second view is that the current pension financing model should not be changed to fund system. People who hold this view believe that, first of all, China's social endowment insurance.
/& gt； /& gt； There is no need to change the financing mode of insurance to fund mode. (1) With the aging of the population, the burden rate of children in China will tend to decline, and people in the future will
/& gt； /& gt； The total population burden coefficient will not increase significantly, which is conducive to China's response to population aging. (2) China's national savings rate is too high, and
/& gt； /& gt； Moreover, there is no sign of a sharp decline, and the financing model of old-age social insurance does not have the economic theoretical basis of transition. Secondly, the social security for the aged in China.
/& gt； /& gt； It is unlikely that the financing mode of insurance will change. At present, the social insurance payment rate of urban enterprises in China is quite high, and the average payment of enterprises is high.
/& gt； /& gt； The rate reached 20%, and in some places it even exceeded 25%. Obviously, it is impossible to realize the transformation of financing mode by further increasing the contribution rate.
/& gt； /& gt； Yes, the only way to make the transition is for the government to come up with extra money. Because the financial funds in our budget are still very tight at present, the government can't learn at all.
/& gt； /& gt； Set aside enough money for the transition.
/& gt； /& gt； Three. Can social security tax be levied?
/& gt； /& gt； The first view is that social tax should be levied in due course. A sound social security system is the inherent requirement of the market economy system, which is the market economy.
/& gt； /& gt； Run the Stabilizer and Safety Net. But at present, China's social security system is still far from perfect, not only lacking a strong social security law, but also
/& gt； /& gt； Security funds are not included in the budget management. Because of the raising of security funds, the method of "sub-region, sub-industry and sub-unit" is adopted.
/& gt； /& gt； The number of security projects is different, the fund raising standards are different, the fund management is decentralized, the raising cost is high, and there is a lack of strong supervision over the use of funds.
/& gt； /& gt； There is widespread waste and misappropriation of funds, which can not be used for special purposes, and it is difficult to meet the needs of security expenditure. A more realistic solution is to refer to.
/& gt； /& gt； According to the international experience, starting from the reality of China, we should formulate social security law and levy social security tax.
/& gt； /& gt； The second view is that the pension fund should be replaced by tax. (1) Only by substituting taxes for fees can the fairness principle of basic pension be truly reflected. Earn more
/& gt； /& gt； High-profit enterprises and individuals pay more, while low-income and low-profit enterprises and individuals pay less basic pensions, so as to help the rich and help the poor and reflect the basic pension.
/& gt； /& gt； The basic principles of. (2) Substituting taxes for fees is conducive to solving the current payment crisis of basic pensions. At present, there is a crisis of pension payment in China.
/& gt； /& gt； The main reason is not the aging of the national population, but the pension system. In fact, this is because our country's pension object is too narrow.
/& gt； /& gt； It mainly guarantees the old-age care for employees of state-owned enterprises and institutions, and the employees of state-owned enterprises are indeed aging. If the basic pension is taxed
/& gt； /& gt； In the form of expanding the scope of protection, part of the expenses previously used for giving birth to children will no longer be increased as the transfer payment of basic old-age expenses.
/& gt； /& gt； On the basis of the average burden of labor force, it is extremely beneficial to solve the current pension payment problem in China. (3) It is conducive to unity building.
/& gt； /& gt； Standardized and perfect basic old-age security system. First of all, levying a unified basic old-age security tax will help break the gap between regions, departments and industries.
/& gt； /& gt； Strip segmentation. At present, the form of domestic multi-party financing and self-defined standards has objectively caused different regions, different departments and different businesses.
/& gt； /& gt； The disparity between industries and enterprises caused by different payment standards not only highlights the contradiction of uneven burden, but also hinders the local labor force and
/& gt； /& gt； Reasonable flow between industries. The introduction of unified taxes and the unification of tax rates and tax collection agencies will completely change the above situation. then
/& gt； /& gt； It is helpful to establish a unified management system and an effective supervision and restriction mechanism. By collecting a unified tax, the tax authorities are specifically responsible for the collection of taxes.
/& gt； /& gt； , and income into the unified budget, on this basis, further set up a specialized agency responsible for the management and use of funds, the formation of collection, management,
/& gt； /& gt； Use the mechanism of mutual restraint and mutual supervision among various departments.
/& gt； /& gt； The third view is that labor consumption tax should be levied. This view holds that social security should become a public good of the whole society, doesn't it?
/& gt； /& gt； Social mutual assistance is neither commercial insurance nor compulsory savings. Labor consumption tax should be levied, because labor is a commodity, who wants to consume this commodity?
/& gt； /& gt； Who will pay taxes to the government. Compulsory savings deduct unemployment and old-age insurance, leaving unresolved problems for future generations, and this road can't go on.
/& gt； /& gt； Yes
/& gt； /& gt； The fourth view is that China does not have the conditions to levy social security tax. This view holds that social insurance tax is basic insurance.
/& gt； /& gt； The basic characteristics of China's fiscal and taxation system must be taken into account in fund raising. At present, China implements a tax-sharing system, that is, according to the central government and land
/& gt； /& gt； The division of powers between local governments determines which taxes belong to national tax and which taxes belong to local tax. In this way, the collection of social insurance tax will be tested.
/& gt； /& gt； On the matching of administrative power and financial power. For an enterprise or individual, whether he can enjoy the basic old-age insurance or not belongs to the local government.
/& gt； /& gt； Then we can only establish a local basic old-age insurance plan, which will affect the redistribution of the national old-age insurance fund, especially for special
/& gt； /& gt； For local governments, it may mean an increase in financial risks. If the basic old-age insurance belongs to the central government, then it can be guaranteed.
/& gt； /& gt； The need for redistribution across the country, but at present, the gap of pension funds is large, the coverage of pension insurance is not wide, and the problem of population aging is gradually increasing.
/& gt； /& gt； Entering the peak period, the accumulation of endowment insurance funds in various provinces and cities is uneven, and the level of basic social insurance varies greatly from place to place, so it is necessary to determine one
/& gt； /& gt； It may not be easy to keep the tax rate at an appropriate level to avoid crowding out personal savings under the compulsory pension plan.
/& gt； /& gt； .
/& gt； /& gt； The fifth point of view is that the social security fee is changed into social security tax, which is in contradiction with the current operation mode of social insurance system. (1) tax revenue
/& gt； /& gt； Availability conflicts with the privacy of social security personal accounts. Formally speaking, social security often reminds workers of paying taxes and confiscating them, which is unfavorable.
/& gt； /& gt； We will implement an incentive mechanism and a unified account system in social security. If part of the tax is included in the employee's personal account, it is inconsistent with the public nature of the tax.
/& gt； /& gt； It is difficult to explain in theory. (2) The indirect repayment of taxes conflicts with the particularity of social security. Tax expenditure is not limited to the object of collection, but
/& gt； /& gt； Social security is special, that is, the fees paid by the payer will be repaid by social security benefits. If all citizens are expropriated
/& gt； /& gt； As the main taxpayer, social security tax needs to protect all citizens accordingly, increase the responsibility and financial burden of the government, and be paid by units and individuals.
/& gt； /& gt； People will develop a tendency to rely too much on the government. (3) It is difficult to connect with the current social security policy. At present, China workers' pension, unemployment and medical care
/& gt； /& gt； Insurance has different levels of overall planning, objects of protection and ways of raising funds, so it is difficult to levy social security tax, which is different from the existing types of insurance.
/& gt； /& gt； It is difficult to cooperate with the policy operation.
/& gt； /& gt； The sixth view is to adopt a flexible way of non-designated tax or quasi-designated tax. According to this view, it is inevitable to levy social security tax.
/& gt； /& gt； The "crowding out effect" caused by the previous pay-as-you-go financing method in China cannot guarantee to determine an optimal tax rate. but
/& gt； /& gt； Take a flexible way to raise funds, that is, according to a certain amount of total fiscal revenue, regularly allocate it to the special fund for endowment insurance, which not only
/& gt； /& gt； It can reduce the crowding-out effect of pay-as-you-go system on total savings, and will not hinder the collection of social security tax at an appropriate time in the future.
/& gt； /& gt； Taking this approach is in line with the present situation of China's pension insurance reform and fiscal and taxation system reform.
/& gt； /& gt； Four. Preservation and appreciation of social security funds
/& gt； /& gt； At present, the main investment of China's social security fund is still bank deposits, some of which are invested in national debt and social security oriented bonds, and a small part is invested in stocks.
/& gt； /& gt； City. Social security fund is the life-saving money for the poor disabled, and it is the management means of maintaining and increasing the value of social security fund and reducing risks.
/& gt； /& gt； The important content of.
/& gt； /& gt； The first view is that pension funds should become institutional investors. Institutional investors are large in scale and tend to invest for a long time, which can stabilize stocks.
/& gt； /& gt； The role of the city. However, the institutional investors in China are small in scale and need to be cultivated. According to the World Bank's forecast, by 2030, China's pension funds will
/& gt； /& gt； The total amount will reach $6543.8 +0.8 billion, making it the third largest pension in the world. According to some estimates, the total size of China's social security fund in five years.
/& gt； /& gt； Will break through
300 billion yuan, if 80% of the social security fund is used for daily payment and 20% for stock market investment, it will be an institutional investor in the stock market.
/& gt； /& gt； The scale has increased by 60 billion yuan, which is larger than the total scale of its current securities investment fund. Pension funds should meet the following requirements to become institutional investors.
/& gt； /& gt； Item: (1) It has a capital scale that can bear certain risks; (2) Based on a relatively developed financial market; (3) to have a special
/& gt； /& gt； Fund custodian of the industry; (4) Pension funds should adopt an indexed investment policy.
/& gt； /& gt； The second view is that social security funds should invest in open-end funds. According to this view, open-end fund is a kind of enjoyment and income wind.
/& gt； /& gt； Risk * * * undertakes this collective investment tool, which can't guarantee investors a certain profit or a minimum income, but in any case, compared with the card.
/& gt； /& gt； Compared with other financial products in the securities market, investing in open-end funds is a relatively low-risk and relatively high-yield product, which is mature from abroad.
/& gt； /& gt； Club? To ensure the operation of funds, it is common to invest in open-end funds. Social security funds are trading open-end funds.
/& gt； /& gt； When investing, we must control the amount, which cannot be higher than the ratio of single fund trading day 10%, otherwise there will be liquidity risk, which will lead to payment difficulties.
/& gt； /& gt； Difficult. Due to the price risk of open-end funds, social security funds should adhere to the principle of long-term investment when investing in open-end funds. This requires the right society.
/& gt； /& gt； This will ensure that the fund is divided into reasonable parts. For pensions with a long payment period, you can consider investing in open-end funds. For medical care and unemployment insurance,
/& gt； /& gt； Insurance funds can consider investing in treasury bonds that are easy to realize, and the price risk and liquidity risk are small. Because of the risks of open-end investment funds
/& gt； /& gt； Now, in order to control risks, it is best to choose income-based funds for investment, while for growth funds, it is best not to touch them because of its high risks. Or choose
/& gt； /& gt； Some varieties with higher returns and lower risks that have been verified by the market participate in a small amount.
/& gt； /& gt； The third point of view is that pension entering the capital market is the final choice. This view holds that, in theory, a complete accumulation system
/& gt； /& gt； Laojin plan must become an institutional investor in the capital market in order to obtain a long-term and stable return on investment. But in our country, due to
/& gt； /& gt； The capital market has been in a high-risk state for a long time, and at the same time, because there is no fully accumulated pension fund to enter legally and worry-free.
/& gt； /& gt； The capital market makes its theoretical role unable to play. From this perspective, it can be said that it is because the capital market has adjusted the development speed.
/& gt； /& gt； It slowed down the reform of the pension system. If the fund accumulation system is regarded as a long-term reform of China's pension system,
/& gt； /& gt； The main goal, then the pension plan will enter the capital market sooner or later. What is the current pension fund in China?
/& gt； /& gt； Have the conditions to enter the capital market? The basic understanding is that the fund's entry into the market has been established as a long-term goal, but the fund is suitable for capital
/& gt； /& gt； The institutional system of market-oriented operation has not yet been finalized, the organizational structure has not yet been formed, and the operating rules are still unclear. In order to realize the fund entering the market as soon as possible, we must
/& gt； /& gt； Accelerate the above work.
/& gt； /& gt； Five, how to strengthen the social security of migrant workers
/& gt； /& gt； So far, all kinds of social security system reform ideas are basically based on household registration, aiming at migrant workers flowing into cities.
/& gt； /& gt； Social security is basically not considered. If migrant workers who have left their homes encounter difficulties in cities, they have no jobs and no society.
/& gt； /& gt； Help, they will become a potential factor of social instability.
/& gt； /& gt； Some comrades put forward two countermeasures and suggestions. The first proposal should be mainly implemented by government management departments, that is, it should be established in big cities. "
/& gt； /& gt； The "minimum living guarantee" system for floating population allows those migrant workers who are unemployed and have no money to work in the form of "public labor"
/& gt； /& gt； It is enough to find food through "public labor", which can at least reduce the crime rate and let those migrant workers who are in trouble find legal temporarily.
/& gt； /& gt； The way. At the same time, this system can also bring scattered migrant workers into a certain management system. Such a system is more effective than simple aid.
/& gt； /& gt； Rate, more cost saving. Because it is a subsistence allowance, the wages paid by employers are relatively low, which will have a negative impact on government finances.
/& gt； /& gt； It is not a big pressure, but an investment with high marginal benefit. In other words, a small amount of money brings more security and stability.
/& gt； /& gt； Set the society. Another suggestion is for employers. Employers, whether public or private, should abide by the labor law.
/& gt； /& gt； It is stipulated that certain security funds and insurance premiums should be paid for employees.
/& gt； /& gt； Some comrades suggested that migrant workers should be guaranteed at different levels according to their needs and the possibility of system construction. The most urgent protection
/& gt； /& gt； The goal should be to establish a work-related injury security system for migrant workers in accordance with the principle of universality. From the endless stream of peasant industrial accidents to the astonishing scale of migrant workers.
/& gt； /& gt； Occupational disease groups, and numerous labor disputes caused by them, all determine that the industrial injury security system for migrant workers should be the most basic in China.
/& gt； /& gt； This social security project will be established as soon as possible. Secondly, it is necessary to establish a medical security mechanism for migrant workers' diseases, especially for serious illnesses. Because of illness.
/& gt； /& gt； Diseases, especially major diseases, will not only make migrant workers unemployed, but also easily fall into poverty, which makes disease protection a reality for migrant workers.
/& gt； /& gt； I really need it. Finally, it is necessary to establish a corresponding social assistance system for migrant workers. It should include providing emergency relief to migrant workers when they encounter natural and man-made disasters.
/& gt； /& gt； Poverty relief under special circumstances, legal aid when legal rights and interests are damaged or unfairly treated, etc. This system can reduce social inequality,
/& gt； /& gt； Promote the real integration of migrant workers into local society.
/& gt； /& gt； Some comrades suggested that we should creatively expand financing channels and solve the social security problem of rural non-agricultural groups. According to non-agricultural industries
/& gt； /& gt； The group has been keeping close contact with the land, so it has designed a scheme of "land for security", that is, farmers go to towns for employment or enter cities.
/& gt； /& gt； When the town is settled and unable to cultivate the land, the subcontractor shall pay a certain amount according to the unified national standards.
/& gt； /& gt； The amount of economic compensation enables them to participate in the corresponding social security. Of course, this part of the economic compensation can also be delivered to the state finance first, but the state must make a difference.
/& gt； /& gt； In order to cope with the policy adjustment, we promised to bring these farmers into the city and the corresponding social security system.
/& gt； /& gt； Suggestions of intransitive verbs on speeding up the reform and construction of China's social security system
/& gt； /& gt； 1, principles to be followed in the reform and construction of social security system. (1) Personal responsibility is combined with social assistance. One is not to go to extremes.
/& gt； /& gt； To go to extremes is to give up efficiency for fairness and have to carry out reforms. The second is to keep pace with the times, that is, in the order of social and economic development.
/& gt； /& gt； To adjust the specific relationship between the two. (2) The level of security is compatible with the economic level. Establish the relationship between economic growth and social security.
/& gt； /& gt； A virtuous circle relationship that promotes each other should prevent a vicious circle relationship that holds them back. (3) People-oriented. social economy
/& gt； /& gt； Development should be people-oriented, that is, the ultimate goal should be to realize the free and all-round development of people, and the establishment and development of social security system should also be realized.
/& gt； /& gt； Such a goal is principled. (4) Proceed from the overall situation. Just as income distribution is a subsystem in the whole social and economic system, income
/& gt； /& gt； Redistribution and social security system are also subsystems of the whole social and economic system.
/& gt； /& gt； 2. It is necessary to emphasize the concept of "equality" in order to care about the social welfare of excluded members of society to a greater extent and scope.
/& gt； /& gt； Therefore, efforts should be made to build a virtuous circle mechanism of interaction between income distribution and social security. (1) In order to increase the transparency of personal income, it should be reduced.
/& gt； /& gt； Personal income tax rate is conducive to reducing the opportunity cost of full declaration of personal income and increasing the opportunity income of normal tax payment. (2) In order to increase "
/& gt； /& gt； Personal income outside the system is transparent, the way of tax withholding declaration is changed, and a voluntary declaration system is implemented. (3) Based on the principle of reasonable pricing
/& gt； /& gt； Levy new taxes such as consumption tax and property tax to open up new sources of funds for social security. (4) gradually improve pension benefits,
/& gt； /& gt； Change the current downward trend of substitution rate. (5) Strengthen the government's efforts to develop and manage the human resources of the unemployed and semi-unemployed.
/& gt； /& gt； Create and promote a positive "employment security" mechanism to replace the negative "unemployment security" mechanism under market conditions.
/& gt； /& gt； 3. Build a fair and efficient social security system. The basic idea of (1) is that the basic point of social security is to emphasize the "state"
/& gt； /& gt； Responsibility "turns" to emphasize the rights of the state, and the state has the obligation to bear it "; In terms of security motivation, it has changed from "alleviating class contradictions" to "promoting social development";
/& gt； /& gt； In the scope of protection, from "limited to specific social groups" to "all members of society"; In the security system, it has changed from "sporadic dispersion"
/& gt； /& gt； "
System integrity "; In terms of protection, it has changed from "incomplete" to "institutional". (2) the main principles, one is the principle of moderation and the principle of social security.
/& gt； /& gt； Obstacle demand should be adapted and coordinated with the level of economic development; The second is the principle of rigidity. Once social security is formed, its items, standards and levels will be available.
/& gt； /& gt； The rigid characteristics of increase and decrease are mandatory, and any group or individual should obey its institutional arrangements. (3)
/& gt； /& gt； The main goal is to reduce income inequality and social status inequality, thus promoting social stability and overall social progress.
/& gt； /& gt； 4. Build a safety net with China characteristics. In China, due to the limitation of economic strength, income security is chosen as the most important social policy.
/& gt； /& gt； The goal is unrealistic. At the same time, the government cannot give up its responsibility to help the most difficult social groups. Therefore, it is economically feasible.
/& gt； /& gt； The policy choice may be that the government chooses the safety net strategy and fully assumes the responsibility of providing help and services to the most difficult social groups.
/& gt； /& gt； Take on the policy goal of giving consideration to income security and social equity, so that social groups that can stand on their own feet can stand on their own feet to the maximum extent and realize maximum utilization.
/& gt； /& gt； Low economic cost ensures social stability, and social welfare and social security policies ensure the realization of economic development.
/& gt； /& gt； 5, through legislation, regulate wealth, in order to establish a safety net in China. What kind of social security system or society should we build?
/& gt； /& gt； What about the safety net? According to the current situation of social and economic development in China and international experience, the first is socialization. Socialization has two meanings,
/& gt； /& gt； First, we must clearly guarantee the most basic living conditions of all members of society; Second, all members of society have the obligation to participate in the construction and development of social welfare.
/& gt； /& gt； Exhibition. Only in this way can social security and social safety net have socio-economic nature and social safety net be formed. Second, society.
/& gt； /& gt； The guarantee is sustainable in resources. In order to realize the sustainability of social security resources, we must establish a reasonable allocation mechanism of social resources. ask
/& gt； /& gt； Standardize the responsibilities of the market, government and society in the field of social security through laws and systems. According to the current level of economic development in China.
/& gt； /& gt； The nature of social security can only be the "basic security" to maintain the low average level of society, but it can be supplemented by commercial insurance and social mutual assistance.
/& gt； /& gt； . Commercial insurance, donations, Mutual assistance and voluntary service should be an important part of the social safety net.