I. Main categories of financial industry
1, bank
In China, the banking industry mainly includes financial institutions established in China, such as the People's Bank of China, commercial banks, urban credit cooperatives and rural credit cooperatives. In addition, it also includes banking regulatory agencies and self-regulatory organizations. The "four big banks" we usually call belong to commercial banks.
Banks are financial institutions engaged in currency and credit business, and act as credit intermediaries by issuing credit currency, managing currency circulation, regulating capital supply and demand, and handling currency deposit and loan settlement.
Banks are the main body of modern financial industry and the hub of national economy.
2. Securities industry
Securities are all kinds of property ownership or creditor's rights certificates, which are used to prove that the holders of securities have the right to obtain relevant rights and interests according to the contents contained in the face value.
The securities industry is a specialized industry serving securities investment activities, which is composed of securities brokerage companies, stock exchanges and related commodity brokerage groups.
The basic functions of the securities industry can be summarized into four aspects:
(1) Capital raising.
(2) Establish and maintain an orderly securities market.
③ Analyze economic and financial information.
(4) Help investors manage their investments.
20 18 The securities companies with the top market share 10 are Huatai Securities, Guotai Junan, CITIC Securities, china galaxy, Haitong Securities, Shenwan Hongyuan, Guangfa Securities, China Merchants Securities, Guo Xin Securities and CITIC Jiantou respectively.
3. Insurance industry
The insurance industry refers to the business that the funds collected through contracts are used to compensate the economic interests of the insured. The insurance market is a place where insurance is bought and sold, that is, both parties sign insurance contracts. It can be a centralized tangible market or a decentralized intangible market.
According to the different subject matter of insurance, insurance can be divided into property insurance and personal insurance. According to the direct legal relationship with the insured, insurance can be divided into original insurance and reinsurance.
4. Trust industry
The so-called "trust, financial management on behalf of others" means that the client entrusts his property rights to a trustworthy trustee, and the trustee manages the property in his own name for the benefit of the beneficiary or for a specific purpose according to the wishes of the client.
Whether trust and investment companies can develop and bear the ability to maintain and increase the value of social assets depends on "expert financial management". Therefore, it is fundamental for trust and investment companies to cultivate and bring up a large number of talented people with knowledge, development vision and innovative consciousness and apply them to practice.
5. Leasing industry
The leasing industry provides credit services through the combination of financial credit and material credit. The general leasing activity is that the lessor rents the material materials it owns to others under certain conditions, and the lessee pays the rent according to the regulations during the use period. Modern leasing industry has two kinds of business activities: financial leasing and service leasing.
The financing mode of leasing industry can build a bridge between the demander and the producer, and provide equipment or funds for good industries and projects. In this process, it not only supported advanced manufacturing, agriculture and other industries, but also digested excess capacity and optimized the industrial structure. With the overall promotion of financial reform and the improvement of supporting policies, China's leasing industry will play a more important role in social financing.
Second, the post distribution and functions of the three pillars
1, bank
Front desk post
Chief teller: handle all basic business of bank counter, including deposit and withdrawal in local currency, settlement and sale of foreign exchange, bill business, etc. Be responsible for answering the business inquiries put forward by internal and external customers of the bank, and cooperate with the business development department to provide customer service.
Account manager: responsible for the maintenance and expansion of bank wealth management business. Engaged in customer relationship management, marketing service plan planning and implementation, direct service to customers.
Intermediate station column
Risk manager: responsible for target market research and credit policy communication in the region, conducting pre-loan investigation with account managers, issuing project risk assessment reports, making risk early warning and monitoring departmental assets.
Credit review: responsible for the review of credit business, control the risk management of credit projects, key links and risk points of credit business, and conduct compliance review of relevant procedures in the process of handling credit business.
Financial management: responsible for the establishment of innovative projects, budget planning, tracking and analysis of innovative projects, and financial product design.
Backstage post
Internal Audit Manager: Establish and improve the company's internal audit system, and carry out audit work on the company, including financial audit, business process and internal control audit, expense and budget audit, etc. Responsible for the due diligence of the proposed project and issue an investigation report.
Accounting manager: study the accounting treatment of various businesses according to accounting standards, formulate the accounting treatment requirements of relevant operating systems, prepare financial statement data such as comprehensive account statements and external financial disclosure statements and submit them to the regulatory agency/head office.
2. Securities
Front desk post
Broker: Responsible for business guidance, coordination and service to all business outlets, and for market expansion. Provide securities trading services for investors.
Account Manager: Customer development and promotion and sales of financial products, cooperate with the company to provide necessary securities services to customers, and complete the customer development and sales tasks assigned by the marketing team.
Researcher: Responsible for collecting and analyzing macro data, market policy system, industry changes and financial products and materials, researching related topics and providing research reports.
Intermediate station column
Risk management: establish and improve the internal risk control system and management process, and formulate unified risk management policies and systems; Continue to carry out risk management activities and improve the risk management reporting system.
Compliance: review whether the company's contracts and business matters meet compliance requirements, conduct regular compliance inspections, make compliance reports and establish compliance systems.
Backstage post
Clearing custody: responsible for the daily accounting, reconciliation and valuation of products, reviewing the valuation accounting terms agreed in the product contract agreement, and preparing accounting and financial statements.
Information technology: responsible for the design, development and maintenance of trading system, clearing system and asset management system, and responsible for the daily deployment, operation and monitoring of network security system.
3. Insurance
field
Insurance salesman: provide professional insurance knowledge consultation and service according to customer requirements; Recommend insurance types and related wealth management products, and formulate insurance plans.
Office/internal/desk work
Management training: organize research and analysis of the training needs of the front line of business, develop training courses according to the team development needs and training plans, conduct special training on a regular basis, and be responsible for the organization and implementation of training.
Planning supervision: assist in the planning of business strategy and provide data support; According to market information, analyze the company's operating indicators; Establish and improve the business tracking system, and evaluate the management process and results.