On the Application of Japanese Film and Television Works in Japanese Education
In recent years, the aims and methods of Japanese education in Chinese universities are gradually changing from? Mainly teaching Japanese grammar? Where to? Pay attention to the cultivation of Japanese learners' communicative competence? Change direction. Therefore, teachers have made many attempts from teaching methods to teaching means. With the development of online media, Japanese film and television works are widely used in Japanese education because of their characteristics of both pictures and sounds. Teachers have made many gratifying achievements in the process of applying Japanese film and television works to teaching, but there are also many problems.
Keywords: Japanese education, the application of Japanese film and television works
China Library Classification Number: G642 Document Identification Number: A
The Application Status of Japanese Film Works in Japanese Education
Tian Xiaoli
(Department of Foreign Languages, Jishou University, Hunan Province, 4 16000)
In recent years, Japanese education in Chinese universities is gradually changing from "focusing on grammar" to "focusing on communicative competence". For this goal, the teacher made many attempts. With the development of online media, Japanese films have been widely used in Japanese education because of their picture and sound characteristics, and many achievements have been made in this process, but there are also some problems.
Keywords Japanese education; Japanese film works; Application status
1 the importance of investigating the application status of Japanese film and television works
As we all know, in recent years, the purpose and method of college Japanese education in China are gradually changing from? Mainly teaching Japanese grammar? Where to? Pay attention to the cultivation of Japanese learners' communicative competence? Change direction. However, there are many problems in the process of this transformation.
Ruzhang (2008) pointed out the following problems when discussing the goal setting of Japanese teaching in China.
? The syllabus for senior Japanese majors in colleges and universities points out that the ultimate goal of foreign language teaching is to cultivate students' cross-cultural communicative competence, pay attention to the teaching of language and cultural background knowledge, and require the cultivation of communicative competence above the textual level, which should be said to be an attempt to transcend the limitations of language skills and knowledge. However, cross-cultural communication ability has not been further raised to the level of cultivating students' intellectual development and thinking ability, and the focus has always been on language application ability. ?
Learning a language is learning a language-bearing culture, which is advocated by more and more people. Advocates of this view believe that in Japanese teaching, Japanese learning can not be divided into two parts: Japanese language learning and Japanese culture learning, but should be combined to teach.
Hosokawa Morihiro (2002) pointed out: Language learning is definitely not mechanically memorizing grammar and sentence patterns, but communicating with people and thinking about society and culture in the process of communication? . For Japanese learners in China, it is essential to strengthen the study of Japanese culture if they want to communicate smoothly with Japanese with different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, in order to learn Japanese culture better, it is essential to cultivate and train intercultural competence.
On the other hand, with the popularization of university network and multimedia facilities, film and television works are applied to Japanese teaching as a teaching method or textbook. In Japanese teaching in China, Japanese film and television works are also used in many courses.
Japanese film and television works can provide Japanese learners with simulated experience (called "mimetic body" in Japanese) because of their characteristics of both pictures and sounds. Compared with traditional paper and ink textbooks, this can provide more information for Japanese learners. Therefore, in this sense, strengthening the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education may bring greater help to Japanese learners.
Because Japanese film and television works are both visual and auditory, the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese teaching should not only focus on the study of Japanese language or Japanese culture, but should be comprehensively applied according to the fact that Japanese film and television works belong to a medium. That is, Japanese film and television works can be used as materials for cross-cultural ability training and training.
Based on the benefits of Japanese film and television works to Japanese teaching and the characteristics of Japanese film and television works, the author believes that it is of great practical significance to investigate and analyze the application status and existing problems of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education in comprehensive universities in China. Through investigation and analysis, we can make clear the specific benefits of Japanese film and television works to Japanese teaching, which Japanese film and television works teachers use in actual Japanese teaching, what characteristics and problems exist in the process of using them, and so on. Understanding these problems is of great help to the more effective use of Japanese film and television works.
2 the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education
Japanese film and television works are widely used in Japanese teaching at home and abroad as teaching means or teaching materials. In this part, the author collects the domestic literature about the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education, and describes its current situation. Mainly from? The teacher has a positive attitude towards the application of Japanese film and television works in teaching? 、? Japanese film and television works applied in Japanese education? 、? The application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education? Describe the present situation from three aspects.
2. 1 Teachers have a positive attitude towards the application of Japanese film and television works in teaching.
With the development of the times, many universities in China have realized network management and teaching. The realization of networking has laid a material foundation for the use of Japanese film and television works in Japanese teaching. With this material foundation, teachers can use Japanese film and television works with audio-visual characteristics more conveniently and enrich teaching means and methods.
Japanese film and television works can provide immersive simulation experience for Japanese learners through pictures and sounds, so they are welcomed by Japanese learners. Tiejun (2003) made the following comments on the use of Japanese film and television works when reviewing China's Japanese teaching methods. ? This dynamic picture with audio and video media can vividly reproduce the required scene. You can give a vivid demonstration on a special topic, such as the use of honorific words, passive voice and causative state. Let students get rid of abstract explanations and get comprehensive auditory and visual effects? .
Through investigation, we know that many Japanese educators or researchers believe that the use of Japanese film and television works in Japanese teaching is helpful to Japanese teaching. Then, what kinds of Japanese film and television works have been used by teachers in Japanese teaching is a question that needs to be clarified in this paper.
2.2 Application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education
On the question of which Japanese films and TV plays are used in Japanese education in comprehensive universities in China, the author conducted a survey entitled "The use of Japanese films and TV plays in Japanese education in comprehensive universities in China" during the period of 65438+ in February 2009. The respondents included Japanese majors from Xiangtan University, Jishou University, Zhanjiang Normal University and Wuhan University. According to the survey results, Japanese education in these four universities should use Japanese TV dramas, Japanese TV dramas and Japanese news.
However, as we all know, the Japanese film and television works sold in the market were originally not made for the purpose of Japanese studies, but were originally film and television products. Although there are some film and television works specifically aimed at Japanese teaching, such as Japanese Educational Teleplay produced by the International Exchange Fund, the number is very limited, which cannot meet the teaching activities of Japanese majors in China. Therefore, many teachers use ordinary Japanese film and television works in their daily Japanese teaching. Here, the author thinks that when discussing the teaching function of Japanese film and television works, it is necessary to distinguish and analyze the film and television works specially used for Japanese teaching and ordinary Japanese film and television works because of the different production purposes and uses.
Table 1
The Japanese side made full use of the communication characteristics of multimedia in spreading Japanese culture, and produced Japanese film and television works devoted to Japanese education, which were well received by Japanese teachers in China. ? Because the software integrates sound, image and text, it has high use value in Japanese basic teaching? . Sun Xun (2004) made such a comment when discussing the function of the unique Japanese film and television work "Portrait パネルバング". Not only the Japanese side has produced Japanese film and television works specially used for Japanese teaching, but also the Japanese education circles in China are exploring the production of Japanese film and television works specially used for Japanese education. For example, The Primary Synthesis of Japanese Language edited by Li is one of the representative works.
Although both China and Japan have produced Japanese film and television works specially used for Japanese teaching, on the whole, the total number of such Japanese film and television works is still very small, which is far from satisfying the application in Japanese teaching. Therefore, ordinary Japanese film and television works on the market are selectively used as auxiliary materials by teachers in Japanese teaching.
In order to facilitate the summary, the author uses the form 1 to summarize the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education.
2.3 the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education
Although many teachers think that the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education is helpful to Japanese teaching, there are various applications in the application because of different teachers.
First of all, Japanese film and television works are widely used in Japanese culture and Japanese audio-visual courses. Due to the differences in curriculum between schools, Japanese culture courses are sometimes called Japanese profile and Japanese affairs, while Japanese audio-visual courses are sometimes divided into Japanese listening, Japanese conversation and Japanese movie appreciation. Below we mainly discuss the application of Japanese film and television works from two courses: Japanese culture and Japanese audio-visual speaking.
(1) The application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese culture courses. Many teachers believe that the importance of teaching Japanese culture cannot be ignored when teaching Japanese. For example, Wang Hua and Li Qi (2008) think:? Using audio-visual and multimedia teaching methods, using pictures, recordings or movies that can reflect all aspects of Japanese culture, we can intuitively understand the social and cultural knowledge of Japanese society, such as customs, interpersonal relationships and ways of thinking, so as to strengthen our understanding of the application of language in practice. ? However, in fact, in the Japanese culture course of Japanese education in China, teachers mainly explain it now, and the teaching method is still the traditional form of blackboard and chalk. The use of multimedia is almost zero. . It can be seen that Japanese film and television works are mainly used as auxiliary materials for Japanese culture classes.
(2) The application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese audio-visual courses. In the traditional Japanese listening and speaking course, tapes or CDs are generally used for teaching. However, the traditional teaching methods have many shortcomings. ? ① The teaching method is simple. The traditional Japanese listening class is almost always a tape recorder, a piece of chalk and a blackboard. ② The textbook of the course is single. In listening teaching, teachers always rely on a textbook. Some colleges don't even have uniform textbooks, and different teachers use different textbooks? .
With the development of teaching means and methods, many schools gradually transform Japanese listening and speaking courses into Japanese audio-visual speaking courses, such as the curriculum for Japanese majors in Beijing Normal University. ? 1994 Japanese major once revised the teaching plan together with the whole school, and made great changes to the teaching plan used since 1987. Change the previous Japanese listening class to Japanese audio-visual speaking. Turn simple listening training into a Japanese comprehensive ability training course that integrates watching (video recording), listening (recording) and speaking (oral expression including dialogue)? . This transformation process has objectively become an opportunity for ordinary Japanese film and television works to be widely used. Besides? Japanese film and television works are very popular in China? This is another reason why Japanese film and television works are widely used.
Gong Wei (2007) pointed out: For most Japanese learners in China, how to create an artificial and simulated Japanese environment so that they can easily master and skillfully use Japanese has become an important topic in Japanese education. It should be a shortcut to introduce film and television teaching materials, including TV, movies and TV dramas. ? Yang (2006), Hou Mingduo (2005), (2007), Mars (2007), etc. , also hold the same attitude as Gong. From the above analysis, many teachers think that the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese audio-visual course is quite necessary.
Secondly, according to the different Japanese film and television works, it is applied in Japanese audio-visual course in different ways.
Japanese movies, Japanese series, Japanese comics, etc. Because of its rich lines and dialogues, it is often used as? Role playing? Cultivate Japanese learners' listening and conversation skills. ? At present, in college Japanese education, one of the purposes of paying attention to role-playing training is to achieve students' comprehensive language use ability? . However, there are not many lines in Japanese news, so teachers usually use Japanese news as material to practice Japanese learners' listening ability. In order to facilitate the distinction, the author summarizes the above application conditions as Table 2.
Table 2
3 the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese education
From theory to practice, it is proved that it is very necessary to use Japanese film and television works in Japanese teaching. But in the process of application, there are also many problems. There are three main problems. That is, in the process of applying Japanese film and television works, the ability of Japanese learners to read Japanese film and television works, and the teacher's? The janitor? Role and instructional design? Agenda setting? These three questions.
Let's first look at the ability of Japanese learners to read Japanese film and television works. Today's society is an information society. People are surrounded by various external environments from life to study, but the information environment is not a bad environment for people's real life after all, and there are still some differences between them. Japanese film and television works also belong to the media, so when Japanese film and television works are applied to Japanese teaching, Japanese learners must face the problem of how to read the information conveyed by Japanese film and television works, that is, the ability of Japanese learners to read Japanese film and television works. Although Japanese learners are college students, their values and outlook on life are still in the stage of active construction, and the growth of this stage cannot be separated from the education and guidance of teachers. Japanese film and television works are different from traditional paper media, which convey a lot of information and involve a wide range of issues. Japanese learners will have some troubles and problems if they lack the guidance of teachers when using Japanese film and television works for learning. Therefore, when talking about the ability of Japanese learners to read Japanese film and television works, it is inevitable to emphasize the ability of teachers. The janitor? Function.
? The janitor? This concept comes from communication theory. The reason why the author introduces this concept into the study of Japanese film and television works is determined by the attributes of Japanese film and television works themselves. It is impossible for a teacher to play and apply a large number of Japanese film and television works in a limited classroom time, but he will definitely choose works suitable for teaching to play and apply. In this way, the teacher who selects works plays an invisible role in the teaching process when imparting or disseminating learning information to Japanese learners? The janitor? This role. How to choose a teacher, what are the criteria for selection, which Japanese film and television works to choose, what is the purpose of choosing those works, how to apply them after selection, and so on. , have a direct impact on the situation and effect of Japanese teaching. Therefore, when discussing the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese teaching, teachers can not be ignored. The janitor? The role problem.
Shall we take another look? Agenda setting? This question. Teacher's responsibility? The janitor? This role is not a short-term responsibility. If a semester is calculated according to the amount of courses of 20 weeks and 4 hours per week, the amount of Japanese film and television works that can be played after a semester (a series is calculated according to 30 minutes) is not much, which makes teachers more prominent? The janitor? The importance of this role. Just like every text has a theme, Japanese film and television works must also have the meaning to be conveyed by the works. Teachers choose a film and television work for teaching, which inevitably involves the meaning to be conveyed by the film and television work. Take responsibility after a semester? The janitor? Has the role of a teacher been fulfilled? Agenda setting? The effect is obvious. For example, when teachers apply Japanese film and television works, they choose which themes to reflect by playing and applying these Japanese film and television works, what contents and knowledge Japanese learners emphasize, and whether Japanese learners' knowledge in these aspects has changed after learning these works. These problems are the key to discuss the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese teaching, which we can't ignore, but they are also very complicated and need long-term discussion and research to improve effectively.
With the development of Internet and other technologies, Japanese film and television works are gradually widely used in Japanese teaching because of their audio-visual advantages. Practice has proved that it is helpful for Japanese learners to learn Japanese language and culture, but there are also many problems to be solved urgently in the application process. This paper aims to arouse more people's attention and discussion on the application of Japanese film and television works in Japanese teaching through the discussion of these problems.
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