1. Bond issue price. Generally speaking, if the issue price is higher than the face value, coupon rate will be higher than the actual market interest rate. 2. Time limit. Generally speaking, the longer the term, the higher the interest rate. 3. Market interest rate. Generally speaking, the higher the market interest rate, the higher the coupon rate. 4. The issuer's credit rating. The higher the issuer's credit rating, the better the credit status, and the coupon rate can be appropriately reduced; or vice versa, Dallas to the auditorium 5. Macroeconomic situation. If the macroeconomic situation is good and the issuance of bonds is relatively smooth, the interest rate can be appropriately lower. If the current macroeconomic situation makes it difficult to issue bonds, the interest rate needs to be higher.

Sinking fund is a special fund set up by bond issuers to ensure the maturity or non-maturity repayment of various bonds issued. Under normal circumstances, the repayment of bonds is paid from the issuer's future income, but in order to ensure the maturity of bonds or the holder's request for early payment under special circumstances, some governments or companies have also set up special sinking funds.