measles is pronounced ['mi:zlz].

1. Definition of Measles

Measles is a highly contagious disease, which is caused by measles virus. The disease is mainly transmitted through the air. When a patient coughs or sneezes, it will spread the virus into the air. Others are prone to infection after inhaling the air containing the virus. It usually occurs in childhood, but adults may also be infected with measles.

2. Symptoms of Measles

After a period of incubation, measles begins to show cold symptoms, such as runny nose, cough, fever and bloodshot eyes. In addition, there will be skin rashes, first on the face and neck, and then spread to the whole body. These rashes will gradually get bigger, form erythema and extend downward. After the rash appears, the condition will become more serious, including high fever, pneumonia, respiratory disorders and encephalitis. In some serious cases, this disease can lead to death.

3. Treatment and prevention of Measles

At present, the treatment of measles mainly includes symptomatic treatment and supportive treatment, such as reducing fever, relieving cough and keeping water balance. However, it is more important to take preventive measures. The simplest way to prevent it is to vaccinate against measles. In general, it is recommended to vaccinate the first dose at 12 months after birth and the second dose at 4-6 years old. In addition, paying attention to personal hygiene can also help prevent measles. Avoiding close contact with patients and avoiding going to crowded places are all effective ways to prevent measles.

4. Other related knowledge

Measles is a global disease, especially in some developing countries, which is still a serious public health problem. The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are working hard to improve the global vaccination rate and strengthen the monitoring and control of measles.

At the same time, scientists are constantly studying new measles vaccine schemes, hoping to launch a safer and more effective measles vaccine, so as to eliminate the disease on a global scale.