GIS is the abbreviation of geographic information system. GIS is a computer space or spatio-temporal information system that expresses, acquires, processes, manages, analyzes and applies the characteristic elements of geospatial entities and phenomena. A complete GIS consists of computer hardware, software, geospatial data, application model, design and development personnel and application personnel.

It is a technical system that collects, stores, manages, calculates, analyzes, displays and describes the relevant geographical distribution data of the whole or part of the earth's surface space (including the atmosphere) with the support of computer software and hardware systems. GIS is a comprehensive subject, which combines geography and cartography, remote sensing and computer science, and has been widely used in different fields.

Functions of geographic information system:

1, data editing and processing functions

Data editing mainly includes graphic editing and attribute editing. Attribute editing is mainly combined with database management, and graphic editing mainly includes topological relationship establishment, graphic editing, graphic arrangement, map mosaic, graphic transformation, projection transformation, error correction and other functions.

2, data acquisition and input function

It mainly includes spatial data and attribute data, and GIS needs to provide the input function of these two kinds of data. Spatial data can be expressed in two forms: raster and vector. Spatial data shows the location, size, shape, direction and geometric topological relationship of geospatial entities. Its input methods include digital scanner, digital flower meter, keyboard, business data, digital copy and so on. Attribute data input methods mainly include keyboard input, database acquisition, storage medium acquisition and so on.

Refer to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Geographic Information System (GIS)