Fund type 1. Money funds are used to invest in the money market, mainly including short-term deposits and short-term bonds. The income of such funds is usually low, but higher than that of bank deposits, about 3-4%. Exchange money funds adopt T+0 operation, that is, they can be used to buy stocks immediately after being sold. Typical examples are Yin Hua Rili and Huabao Tianyi.
2. Bond funds are funds used to invest in the bond market, mainly including government bonds, corporate bonds and financial bonds. The income of this kind of fund is equivalent to that of the money fund, but because it is closely related to the market interest rate, the fluctuation is relatively greater than that of the money fund, so if we can accurately grasp the market, we can obtain higher income than the money fund. Represented by government bond ETF and convertible bond ETF.
3. Stock funds are used to invest in the stock market. There are two kinds of funds: active funds and passive funds. Active funds choose certain investment strategies according to the preference of managers, such as value, growth, balance or consumption, internet, technology and so on.
Index fund, also known as ETF, is a portfolio that replicates the index and belongs to passive fund. Because the index is a huge portfolio, it is difficult for individual investors to imitate it. Therefore, professional investment institutions concentrate their capital advantages, completely copy the allocation of indexes, and open their shares, so that ordinary investors can easily participate, forming an index ETF with low cost, measurable fluctuations and considerable returns. For example, the 300ETF completely copied the trend of the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index.
4. Hybrid funds can invest in stocks, bonds and money markets without strict proportion restrictions, which determines that the strategy of hybrid funds is relatively flexible, with less risk than stocks and higher returns than bonds and cash.
The distribution ratio is 1.432 1. It is suggested that there should be a reasonable distribution arrangement for the total assets of the family. It is suggested that stocks, real estate, insurance and cash account for 40%, 30%, 20% and 10% respectively. This is the principle of asset allocation, and then stocks and cash can be allocated independently in securities accounts. In other words, the assets in the securities account should account for half of the total number of families.
2. 228 principle: ETF fund is the best way to buy a fund for the first time, which is available in index ETF, currency ETF and bond ETF markets. If the cash in large-scale assets has been transferred to the securities account, then the allocation of cash and stocks should first be 20% cash and 80% stock. However, because the timing of stocks fluctuates, it is impossible to conduct Man Cang operation at all times, so 80% of the funds can be partially allocated in cash, such as 20%.