National first-level? ?

Polyodontidae, Acipenser, cartilaginous fish

The picture below shows the Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis

Sturgeon is a mild carnivorous fish and likes to eat water earthworms, water fleas, mosquito larvae, Artemia and bottom wild fish throughout its life. Its breeding season is from May to July.

The picture below shows Acipenser dabryanus

The body is elongated, the snout is short, blunt, and the ventral surface is flat. The body is covered with five rows of bony plates, and the mouth is located on the ventral surface of the head. , transverse clefts, the upper and lower lip folds are well developed, there are two pairs of transverse cleft tentacles in front of the mouth, small eyes, no upper and lower eyelids and nictitating membranes, a pair of nostrils located on the snout, and undeveloped spout holes on the side of the head in front of the eyes. The caudal fin is a crooked tail, the upper lobe is more developed and covered with needle-shaped rhombus-shaped hard scales, and the tail is short. The body color of the sturgeon is gray-black or gray-brown above the lateral bone plates, milky white from the lateral bone plates to the abdominal bone plates, and the abdomen is mostly yellow-white.

Polyodontidae? Psephurus? Cartilaginous fish

The picture below shows Psephurus gladius (already Declared functionally extinct)

The body is fusiform, with the front part slightly flattened, the middle part thick, and the rear part slightly flattened laterally. The head is extremely long, more than half the body length, and is covered with plum blossom-shaped traps. The snout is sword-shaped, particularly elongated, with a narrow and flat front end and a broad and thick base. The ventral surface of the head of the snout can be freely expanded and contracted. There are small, pointed teeth on the upper and lower jaws; a pair of short, short rostrums located on the ventral surface. Eyes are small. The entire surface of the head membrane is densely covered with many fine plum blossom spots of sensory nerve cell tissue. The gill openings are large and the body is smooth and scaleless. There are 8 prismatic scales on the upper lobe of the caudal fin, extending backward to the upper lobe of the caudal fin. The dorsal fin originates behind the pelvic fin and consists of unbranched rays. The caudal fin is crooked, the upper lobe is well developed, and the front edge has a row of spinous scales.

The picture below shows? Aspiorhynchus laticeps?, commonly known as Xinjiang bighead fish

Distributed in the Kaidu River, Aksu River, Chehe River in the Tarim River system of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in northwest China Among the Erchen River and Yarkand River.

National Level 2

Sciaenidae? Yellow-lip fish? Bahaba marine fish

The picture below shows yellow-lip fish? Bahaba taipingensis? , commonly known as white croaker, yellow croaker, big Australian fish, golden croaker, golden eagle fish

The body is long, the sides are flat, the tail stalk is slender, the snout is protruding, the head is covered with round scales, and the body is covered with silver dollar-like comb scales , the dorsal side of the body is brownish gray with orange yellow, the ventral side is gray and white, and there is a black spot under the armpit of the pectoral fin; the eyes are like copper bells, located on the upper side; the mouth is located at the end, with oblique clefts; the teeth are small, the upper extra row teeth and the lower frontal inner row teeth are enlarged ; The dorsal fin is continuous; the second spine of the anal fin is thick and long, and the caudal fin is wedge-shaped.

This species is endemic to China, with a maximum length of 2 meters and a maximum weight of 100 kilograms. It is the largest totoaba species in the world and in the South China Sea. It was first described in the Western scientific community in the 1930s. Its distribution is narrow, limited to the southern coast of China, and it is very rare. The yellow-lipped fish is one of the "Ten Treasures of the Ocean" selected by the World Wildlife Fund. It is the most endangered among the ten treasures, but has received the least attention. There is also a yellow lip fish aquaculture industry in China. The fish maw made from the swim bladder of the yellow-lipped fish is very precious and is often regarded as a family heirloom by the Dan family.

Cottidae? Trachidermus fish

The picture below shows Trachidermus fasciatus, commonly known as daughter-in-law fish and four-gill bass

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It has a large mouth, long body, silver-gray color, with small black spots on its back and dorsal fin. It lives in coastal waters and also enters fresh water. It usually feeds on fish, shrimp, etc., and its meat is delicious. The front part of the body of this fish is flat and the back part is slightly flattened laterally. The head is flat, with spines and ribs covered by skin. The mouth is large and terminal; the end of the upper jaw extends to the end of the posterior edge of the pupil. The preopercular bone has 4 spines, the upper spine is the largest, and the rear end curves upward. The upper and lower jaws, palatine bones and hoe bones have villous teeth. The body has no scales and is covered with small bony protrusions. There are 2 dorsal fins, continuous; the pectoral fins are wide and the lower fins are unbranched; the caudal fin is convex. The dorsal side of the body is brown, the belly is white, and there are 4 dark horizontal spots on the head side. There is a dark spot on the 2nd to 4th hard spine of the first dorsal fin; the second dorsal fin, pectoral fin, anal fin and caudal fin all have horizontal stripes formed by small brown spots. The body length can reach 14 cm.

The picture below shows Hippocampus kelloggi, commonly known as the big seahorse and golden seahorse.

The fish of the family Catostomidae and the genus Myxocyprinus

The picture below It is the mullet fish Myxocyprinus asiaticus, also known as yellow steak, blood steak, pink steak, fire bream, wood leaf plate, red fish, wood leaf fish, purple bream, chamois, fire steak, Chinese sailfin sucker

The body color of juvenile mullet fish is brown with three dark rings. The significant difference between adult male and female fish is that the body color of male fish is carmine red, while the body color of female fish is dark purple with broad vertical stripes. Another important feature of the mullet fish is the towering triangular dorsal fin that extends all the way behind the anal fin. Its fleshy lips are thick with small papillae and no beard. The mullet fish has a single row of pharyngeal teeth arranged in a comb-like arrangement.

As they age, adult mullets become darker and darker; in their later years, the characteristic white stripes on their bodies disappear.

Cyprinidae? Tanichthys fish

The picture below shows Tanichthys albonubes, commonly known as white cloud mountain fish, white cloud golden fish, Red-winged fish, red-tailed fish, golden lamp, Cantonese thin crucian carp, Pan's thin crucian carp?

Female fish are thicker and darker in color. Tang fish are very easy to breed, and are very suitable for enthusiasts who are new to the breeding of tropical oviparous fish. The suitable water temperature is about 22 to 25 degrees Celsius, the water hardness is 6 to 8, and the pH is about 7.0. First lay a layer of moss grass in a small breeding tank. (Fontinalis Antipyretica) or brown silk that has been sterilized by hot water at high temperature, used as a hatching nest for fish eggs. Then, select sexually mature and healthy broodstock and put them into the breeding tank in a male to female ratio of 1:1 or 1:2. In a quiet environment, male and female fish will soon enter the "estrus" state, and the male fish will chase the female fish continuously until the female fish lays eggs in the aquatic plants, and the male fish will immediately fertilize them. Fish eggs are white, transparent, sticky, and adhere to aquatic plants. The number is between 200 and 300. The brood fish can be fished out after spawning to prevent them from swallowing the eggs.

The picture below shows Cyprinus pellegrini

Distributed in Xingyun Lake and Qilu Lake in Yunnan, China.

The picture below shows Sinocyclocheilus grahami grahami

Distributed in Yangzonghai, Dianchi Lake (and the rivers, caves, and underground rivers where their drainage basins are located), and Fuxian Lake in Yunnan, China.

The picture below shows Schizothorax taliensis

Anguillidae, Anguilla fish

The picture below shows Anguilla marmorata, Commonly known as: flower eel, snow eel, king eel, black-eared eel, stream eel?

It is elongated and cylindrical, but the tail behind the anus is slightly flattened. The scales are small, the body is gray-black or yellowish-brown with markings, and the abdomen is silvery white; the dorsal and anal fins are low and flat and extend to the tail, and are integrated with the tail fin so that it is difficult to distinguish each other.

The juveniles of carnivorous fish that inhabit the bottom of sand and mud grow in rivers. The adults come to the sea to lay eggs in late spring and early summer. The hatched larvae undergo changes in the leaf-shaped stage and become adults. It takes five months for the transparent eel thread to return to the river to survive. During the day, the whole body is hidden in the mud, with only one head exposed to breathe. At night, it swims out to feed on other fish, shrimps and crabs.

Salmonidae Hucho bleekeri

The picture below shows Hucho bleekeri

The picture below shows Brachymystax lenok (Qinling Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis)

Body length Spindle-shaped, slightly flattened laterally. The head is blunt, the back of the head is broad, and the center is slightly convex. The muzzle is not prominent or slightly projecting. At the end of the mouth, the lower jaw is slightly shorter than the upper jaw. The rear end of the maxilla reaches below the center of the eye. The upper and lower jaws, vomer and palatine bones each have a row of canines. The tongue is thick and free. The gill openings are large, lateral, reaching forward and below the center of the eye. The body is covered with fine scales and the head is scaleless. The lateral lines are complete and relatively straight. The dorsal fin is short, with slightly concave outer edges; the adipose fin is opposite to the anal fin; the pelvic fin starts from below the middle of the base of the dorsal fin and extends back to the anus, with a long axillary scale at its base; the caudal fin is forked. There are 65 to 75 pyloric caeca. In life, the back is dark brown, and the sides of the body to the abdomen gradually turn white. There are long oval black spots scattered on the back and both sides of the body. The edges of the spots are light red rings. There are 4 to 5 round black spots along the base of the dorsal fin and on the adipose fin. spot.