According to the thinking of providing for the aged in mature countries, providing for the aged has three pillars. The first pillar is the national old-age security. The second pillar is the enterprise annuity. The third part is commercial pension. Generally speaking, the state bears a part, enterprises bear a part and individuals bear a part.
In China, in fact, most people's pensions mainly come from the first pillar, that is, the national old-age security. The second pillar and the third pillar are missing. However, as we all know, social pressure is great, young people are getting married later and later, and their desire to have children is getting lower and lower. China's fertility rate continues to decline, the pace of aging is accelerating, and the country is under great pressure.
With the serious aging of the population, when we retire in the future, there will be insufficient manpower, and it is still unknown how much pension we can receive. Therefore, it is necessary for us to take precautions and actively strengthen the old-age security when we are young. You may think that if I invest in stocks or other funds, it is also financial management. Do I need to buy a pension fund? My suggestion is that if you are under 30, don't consider it for the time being. If you are an investment veteran, you don't have to consider it. If you are over 30 years old and have less investment experience, you can transfer a small amount of funds to the pension fund.
Ok, let's officially start to explain the pension target fund.
Part 1. Introduction of pension target fund
In fact, our country's pension target fund was launched for a short time, and it was officially put on stage on 20 18.
Pension target fund, as its name implies, refers to a fund whose purpose is to pursue the long-term steady appreciation of pension assets. Pension target fund is essentially a fund in the fund.
What does this mean? Unlike ordinary funds that directly invest in stocks and bonds, this fund specializes in investing in a "basket" of funds.
The purpose of this is to optimize asset allocation and reduce investment risks.
Although it is not directly used to invest in A shares, pension target funds can invest in equity assets such as equity funds and hybrid funds, with a maximum position of 80%. In the long run, they have the opportunity to better beat inflation and achieve a steady and value-added pension goal.
The establishment of pension target fund is actively promoted by the state. Why?
As we just mentioned, the country is aging seriously, and social pension will become a big problem. The launch of the pension target fund can guide people to support the elderly through financial management, rather than relying solely on government social security. Since the newly launched pension target fund is supported by the state, has the state given tangible benefits?
The answer is yes. Investing in pension target funds can enjoy a certain tax deferred policy on a trial basis. In other words, the money to buy the pension target fund can be deducted from the pre-tax income, and then deducted when we receive the funds from the pension target fund after retirement. This is a favorable policy.
According to different investment strategies, the current pension target funds can be divided into two categories, namely, target date funds and target risk funds.
First, the target date fund. Its main features are: firstly, according to the retirement age of investors, the year in the fund name is the corresponding retirement year. For example, Huaxia *2040 Fund is suitable for people who retire from 2038 to 2042. The date of products currently on the market covers 2030 ~2050.
Second, with the change of age, the foundation automatically adjusts its asset allocation ratio. The proportion of young stocks is high and the proportion of old stocks is low.
Third, products are generally issued once every five years. Such as 2030, 2035, 2040, etc. The second pension target fund is the target risk fund. Assuming that investors have a clear understanding of their risk tolerance, the risk level is generally set to "low" or "medium". Such as TEDA * Balanced Pension (FOF) and Bank of China * Pension (FOF).
For target date funds and target risk funds, I suggest that if we want to consider them, we should choose target date funds, which is the most commonly used and mainstream type of pension target funds at home and abroad.
Then, let's talk about the income of the pension target fund, which is also the most concerned issue for everyone. There are two sets of data to predict the income of pension target fund for reference.
In 20 17 years, the investment income of social security fund was18461400 million yuan, and the investment return rate was 9.68%. In addition, the average annual return on investment of the Social Security Fund since its establishment is 8.44%.
Pension target fund and social security fund are the pillar products of national pension, which come down in one continuous line and are strongly supported by the government. The target nature of their investment is basically the same.
Judging from the data of social security fund, the pension target fund has a high probability of achieving an average annual rate of return of around 8%.
Only according to the investment strategy of pension fund, when you retire far away, you can probably provide 8%- 10% income; By the time I retire, the yield will be only about 5%-6%, which will become a kind of bond fund, but the income will still be higher than that of bank financing. In this way, the average yield is expected to be around 7%-9%.
The second part. Choose excellent goals
We just spent time learning the concept and income analysis of pension target fund. Next, let's look at how to find an excellent pension target fund. Selection is mainly divided into two steps.
First, sit in the right position.
That is to say, according to the retirement time. For example, if you retire around 2035, you can pay attention to the fund with 2035 in its name. Of course, age may fluctuate for about three years. For example, if you retire in 2032, you can also choose 2035 products.
The second step is to look at the fund company.
You should try to choose the top 20 fund companies. Here, in order to save your time, I will tell you the names of some big companies directly. For example, Yi * *, Hua *, Jia *, Nan *, Guang *, Fu *, Zhong * and so on. You can easily find the list directly in the ranking of Baidu search fund companies.
Two companies should be emphasized here. The first one is Hua * Fund. Why? Because China has rich experience in social security fund and enterprise annuity management. Companies that have won praise in these two businesses are generally excellent companies that have been tested for a long time. Huaxia * is one of the first four fund companies in the industry to obtain all pension business qualifications, and is currently the chairman of the Pension Professional Committee of China Fund Industry Association.
From 2007 to the end of 20 17, the cumulative rate of return of enterprise annuities in the whole market was 1 17.97%, with an annualized rate of return of 7.34%, while the overall cumulative rate of return of enterprise annuities managed by Huaxia Fund was 185.55%, with an annualized rate of return of1.
Besides Huaxia, there is also a very good company called China Europe *. By the end of 20 18, the average rate of return of China Europe Fund's equity funds in recent five years was 98.9 1%, far exceeding the increase of Shanghai Composite Index 17.86% in the same period, ranking first among 68 comparable fund companies.
The specialty of CEIBS Fund is active investment management, which adopts research-driven strategy, and the assessment of fund managers is mainly based on medium and long-term performance, which is also the main reason why it has produced many excellent funds.
In addition, there is a well-known pension investment team in China and Europe with rich experience and outstanding asset allocation ability. The average working experience of this team member is over 13 years, and they all have the experience of managing hundreds of billions of investment portfolios in large companies.
The third part. Pension funds need to be fixed.
Now that we know what a pension fund is and which companies should be the first choice, what kind of investment methods are suitable for such products? Is it a one-time investment or a decentralized fixed investment? My suggestion is to vote. There are two main reasons.
First, we all know that fixed investment is the best way for fund investment. It can help investors diversify costs and reduce the risk of buying at high points.
Second, it is the reason of taxation. As we mentioned before, money spent on pension funds can be deducted from pre-tax income. As the deferred tax policy is about to be implemented in the whole country, it is the most cost-effective way to invest according to the upper limit of tax incentives when considering tax exemption and tax reduction.
According to the current pilot rules, the upper limit of tax exemption is 6% of monthly income, with a maximum of 1 000 yuan and a total of 1 2000 yuan for the whole year. The fixed investment of 65,438+0,000 yuan per month has obvious advantages. Of course, this situation will change.
According to foreign experience, the proportion of deferred tax is expected to further expand. Therefore, I suggest that you invest in the pension target fund by means of fixed investment.
Let's call it a day. Let's summarize.
First, the pension target fund is a new way of financial management for the aged, with relatively stable income and little fluctuation. For low-risk investors, especially those who are unwilling to spend more time on investment, potatoes are more suitable investment varieties. If you are over 30 years old, it is a good choice to put a small amount of money into a pension fund compared with a novice investor.
Second, choose a good pension target fund, see the time and see the fund company. China and Central Europe are good.
Third, the most suitable investment method for pension funds is fixed investment, which has low cost and low risk.