The Nobel Prize was founded in 190 1 year. It was awarded to Alfred bernhard Nobel, a famous Swedish chemist and inventor of nitroglycerin explosives (1833.10.21-1896.438+02. Nobel prizes include gold medals, certificates and bonus checks. The Nobel Prize consists of five prizes: physics, chemistry, physiology and medicine, literature and peace, and is awarded to people who have made great contributions to mankind in these fields all over the world. 1968 The Nobel Prize in Economics was added, and the prize check for the Nobel Prize in 2007 was 6.5438+million Swedish kronor (equivalent to 6.5438+0.53 million US dollars). Kreft Prize: Founded by Swedish industrialist kreft. Every year, 654.38 million dollars are awarded to those who have made outstanding contributions in the fields of mathematics, astronomy, biology and earth sciences. Balsay Award: Balsay Award is one of the most important worldwide awards. It was founded by Italian journalist Balsay, and consists of natural science, medicine and humanities and arts. Among them, the award-winning scope of natural science and medicine is mainly in mathematics, earth science (including astronomy), biology and medicine according to the disciplines involved in the awards that have been awarded so far. At present, the prize amount of each award is 6,543,800,000 Swiss francs, half of which must be used for scientific research. Wolf Award: The Wolf Award is a multidisciplinary international award and enjoys a high academic reputation in the world. 1976 was established by the Knesset, and the first prize was awarded in 1978. The purpose of establishing the Wolf Prize is to promote the development of science and art all over the world and benefit mankind. The Wolf Science Foundation was established at the initiative of Mr. and Mrs. R wolf, and the fund was donated by R wolf and his family10 million USD. Wolf Foundation has five awards in mathematics, physics, chemistry, medicine and agriculture (198 1 new art award). Usually awarded once a year, the bonus amount of each award is $6,543,800+,which can be shared by several people. The math prize in the Wolf Prize is particularly striking, because there is no math prize in the Nobel Prize, and the Fields Prize is only awarded to young mathematicians under the age of 40. Only the Wolf Prize in mathematics is evaluated by the winner's lifelong achievements in the world. Therefore, wolf prize in mathematics can be called the Nobel Prize in the field of mathematics. The mathematicians who won this award are all famous mathematicians in the contemporary era, and their achievements represent the level and progress of contemporary mathematics to a certain extent. Award-winning mathematics masters not only have profound attainments and outstanding contributions in a certain branch of mathematics, but also have profound knowledge, set foot in many branches, made great achievements and formed their own famous schools. Mori Susumu Wittler: Mori Susumu Wittler is an important worldwide award in the field of earth science. The award aims to select major scientific achievements in the field of earth sciences, which are equally famous as the Nobel Prize. Therefore, Wittler Mori Susumu is also known as the Nobel Prize in the field of earth science. Mori Susumu, Wittler is open to all countries in the world, and mainly rewards scientists who have made great breakthroughs in understanding the earth and its evolution and the relationship between the earth and the universe in the field of earth science. Mori Susumu, Witler, was founded by Witlerson Foundation on 1959, named after Norwegian G.U. Witlerson, and managed and awarded by Columbia University. The prize amount is 654.38 million US dollars, a medal and the travel expenses of candidates and their families (outside new york). Gairdner Prize: Geldena International Prize is the most prestigious prize in the biomedical field, and it is known as the preparatory prize of the Nobel Prize, which is used to reward scientists who have made great contributions to improving the quality of human life. There are three kinds of international awards of the Gairdner Foundation: Meritorious Awards, which are awarded from time to time to recognize individuals and groups who have made great discoveries and made outstanding contributions in the world; Annual award, in recognition of the annual world major discoveries and outstanding contributions; The Whiteman Prize is awarded to Canadians with outstanding leadership in the pharmaceutical and medical fields. Meritorious award of $5,000; The total annual bonus is $65,438+00,000, which will be shared equally by the winners at the same time, or $5,000 will be awarded to two people who have won the same bonus; The Whiteman Prize is $25,000. Horwitz Award: The Louis Gross Horwitz Award is awarded by Columbia University, with an amount of $25,000, which is used to reward people who have made contributions to medicine. Kalinga Prize: UNESCO has established the 1952 Science Popularization Prize-Kalinga Prize. It was founded by Patnaik, an Indian industrialist, and named after Kalinga, the Indian emperor in the 2nd century BC, to commemorate his moral quality of opposing war and being enthusiastic about scientific and cultural education, and also to represent a spirit that this award is admired. The Kalinga Prize mainly rewards people who have made outstanding contributions in popularizing science and technology, including scientists, journalists, educators and writers. According to the terms of the award, the winner will receive 2000 pounds and a UNESCO Einstein silver medal. Albert Einstein World Science Award is a worldwide scientific award, which is established by the World Cultural Council and awarded once a year to outstanding scientists who have made contributions to the benefit of mankind. Prizes include certificates, commemorative medals and a bonus of $65,438+00,000. The Orsay Science Prize was established by the Pan-American Education Science and Culture Committee in 1972 to commemorate the famous Argentine physiologist Dr. bernardo houssay (1887- 197 1). He was awarded the 1947 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology with Corey for discovering the effect of pituitary hormones on regulating blood sugar. The Orsay Science Prize is awarded once a year to researchers who have made outstanding contributions in any of the following fields in Latin America: biological science, precision science, agricultural science and technical research related to development. It includes a bonus of $30,000, a certificate and traveler's checks for two people to attend the award ceremony. The Dan David Award was founded on May, 2002 12. Awarded to individuals and research groups that have made outstanding contributions in the fields of science, art and humanities. It aims to enhance the value of universities, promote the development of science, technology and humanities, and recognize and encourage innovation and interdisciplinary research. Each field will be awarded $6,543,800+per year. Headquartered in Tel Aviv University. The Graf Award was established by H Graf (1908- 1982), a famous Swedish entrepreneur, and his wife A Greta (19 14- 1994) in 1980. Award-winning disciplines include mathematics, earth sciences, astronomy and biological sciences, which are awarded once a year to reward outstanding achievements in one of them. Because the selection process of Graf Prize is the same as that of Nobel Prize, Graf Prize is also called "Nobel Prize" in various fields. If it is a pity that the Nobel Prize does not cover all natural sciences, the Graf Prize was established to make up for such a regret. The Graf Prize is worth $500,000. Heinemann Prize is a worldwide scientific prize awarded by the German Academy of Sciences in G? ttingen. 1962 was established by the Minna James Heineman Foundation in hanover in memory of Danny Heineman, the founder of the foundation, an American engineering management scientist, educator and philanthropist. This award is mainly used to reward scientists who have made outstanding achievements in the field of natural science. The Heinemann Prize is awarded every two years. The Heinemann Prize is open to scientists all over the world, regardless of age, and is awarded by the Academy of Sciences in G? ttingen to scientists who have made outstanding scientific achievements in the field of natural science. The bonus amount is 30,000 Deutsche Mark. The Copley Medal was established by the Royal Society in 173 1 and is one of the oldest scientific awards awarded by the Royal Society. The fund comes from the will donation of Sir William copley, a senior member of the Royal Society. Therefore, this award is named after his surname to show his commemoration and gratitude. The Copley Medal is awarded to the author of outstanding works in the field of natural science research. The Copley Medal is awarded once a year, giving the winner a gold-plated silver medal and a prize of 65,438+000. Today's bonus is not big, but it was already considerable at that time. Starting from 1957, the John Jaffe Award with the amount of 1000 was merged with the Copley Medal, which means that the bonus amount of the Copley Medal has now increased to 1 100. However, if the winner has already won the Nobel Prize, then the winner can only get a prize of 100. The Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Award, also known as the "Nobel Conservation Award", was awarded by the American branch of the World Wildlife Fund with a prize amount of 50,000 US dollars, which is the highest award in the field of wildlife at present.