Kazakhstan's economy ranks first among Central Asian countries and is the 18th largest economy in Asia. The country's economy is dominated by oil, mining, coal and agriculture and animal husbandry, while processing industry, machine manufacturing and light industry are relatively backward. Most daily consumer goods rely on imports. It is very rich in natural resources and has more than 90 proven mineral deposits. Coal, iron, copper, lead and zinc are abundantly produced. In 1984, it produced 125.7 million tons of coal and 24 million tons of commercial iron ore. Tungsten reserves rank first in the world, and chromium and phosphate ores rank second. The reserves of copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum and phosphorus rank first in Asia. In addition, there are also abundant reserves of iron, coal, oil and natural gas. Proven oil reserves amount to 10 billion tons, coal reserves are 3.94 billion tons, and natural gas reserves are 1.17 trillion cubic meters. Forests and afforestation cover 21.7 million hectares. Surface water resources are 53 billion cubic meters. There are more than 7,600 lakes and reservoirs. Most of the cultivated land is planted with food crops, mainly spring wheat, and also produces cotton, sugar beets, tobacco, etc. Animal husbandry also flourished. The end area accounts for 80% of agricultural land. The total number of sheep and wool production both play an important role in the economy. Mainly railway transportation, road transportation, pipeline transportation and air transportation are also important. The main cities are Almaty, Karaganda, Shymkent, Pavlodar, etc.

Kazakhstan is a major cotton-producing country in the world. Cotton planting areas are spread all over the country, but they are mainly concentrated in the eastern region. There are many deserts in the west, poor natural conditions, and small arable land area. At present, Kazakhstan has about 4.5 million hectares of arable land, of which cotton planting area accounts for about one-third, reaching 1.5 million hectares, with an annual output of 4 million tons of seed cotton. Cotton production ranks fourth in the world and exports rank second. Cotton is one of Kazakhstan's main export products that earn foreign exchange, accounting for about 34% of export earnings.

Kazakhstan’s textile industry has a weak foundation and slow development. The country’s processing capacity only accounts for about 15% of its cotton output. After Kazakhstan became independent, it has always insisted on reducing the export of raw material products, expanding deep processing, increasing its added value, and increasing employment as a basic national policy, and the light textile industry is a key area of ??development for Kazakhstan.

Characteristics of economic development

1. Rapid privatization process. The private economy now accounts for more than 80% of the country's total economy;

2. It is highly dependent on external economies. The foreign investment received since the founding of the People's Republic of China ranks first among the CIS countries on a per capita basis.

3. High dependence on foreign goods. In particular, high-tech products, daily necessities, and light industrial products are basically replaced by products from the United States, Germany, Japan, South Korea, China, and Turkey. The market demand is strong and the material distribution and radiation coverage is wide.