1) Private placement agent

Private equity institutions mainly provide fund marketing and fundraising services for fund sponsors. Private equity firms, investment banks and professional institutions are the main private equity institutions in the market.

2) Investment consultant

The services provided by fund management companies under private equity companies are mainly investment advisory services. At this time, the fund management company is both a fund manager and a fund investment consultant. In recent years, institutional investors have allocated more and more funds to private equity assets. However, some institutional investors are not equipped with corresponding internal resources, but entrust investment consultants in the market to provide private equity investment services for themselves, including selecting funds, negotiating the terms of cooperation agreements with fund managers, and managing investment portfolios and institutional liquidity. They are called "gatekeepers" of institutional investors in private equity investment.

3) Investment banks

Investment banks provide a wide range of services for fund managers, investors, financing enterprises and other major participants in the private equity investment industry, such as agency raising, acquisition consulting, listing underwriting, bridge financing and so on.

4) Commercial banks

Commercial banks mainly provide financing loan services for fund managers or financing enterprises, especially arrange syndicated loans in large leveraged buyouts.

5) Law firm

Law firms prepare private placement memoranda, limited partnership agreements and other legal documents for fund sponsors or managers, and act as agents for other legal affairs of various major participants.

6) Accounting firm

Accounting firms provide auditing, consulting, taxation and other services for various subjects.

7) Other intermediaries

The industrial division of private equity investment in Europe and America is fine, and the organizational structure of private equity companies is very streamlined and efficient, especially small-scale companies. Many middle and back office functions are often "outsourced" to various mid-priced companies in the market, including company registration, website operation and workplace management.

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