Bailian Sect was originally a pure land Sect. Founded in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was first named Bailian Sect. According to the "Buddha Collection" Volume 7:
Hui Yuan (Hui Yuan), a mage, returned to Shanxi with the rebellion of Qin Dynasty after the Qin Dynasty changed to Bai Que (II) in Taiyuan for nine years. Stay away from yanmenjia. ..... As a result of collective efforts, the ship failed, so it lost its image. As the saying goes, Kan is just a hero. Like a god, you can be sincere, but it is difficult to move. You can build a temple far away and pray for it. So it seems very cold. Although the Jin Dynasty was small at that time, most of the wizards in the world lived in seclusion. Such as the adherents, Lei Cizong, Yanmen Zhou, Xin Cai Bi Yingzhi, Nanyang, Zhang Shimin, etc. Traveling around the world, "more than a thousand shamans" formed the White Lotus Sect. In front of the statue of infinite life, Jane vowed to live in pure land. I heard that Master Rush (Kumarajiva) entered the customs, and I expected to come from far away (Hui Yuan), and the suicide note was passed. Between the lines: Yao Youjun wrote a book last year, and Chengde heard that benevolent people crossed the line in a special field. The transliteration is not finished, and it is pleasant to hear the wind. If you are pregnant with treasure, you will have nine days.
Qingyuan Temple, a Buddhist monk sent by Wen in Tang Dynasty
The slate road is clean and the bamboo path is wide. Dai Qing has followed him all year.
After half a bell rang out of the window, Panasonic Canqi sent the guests back.
The curtain hides the jade peak and the night snow, because the clear water grows autumn moss.
If you ask in Bailian, it is said that the tourist's surname is Lei.
Famous schools in An Baili: Mud source is chaotic, Anbaili is in full swing.
The name of "Bai Lianhua" was changed in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At that time, Hui Yuan, the ancestor of Pure Land Sect, gathered 18 outstanding saints in Lushan Mountain, Jiangxi Province, and joined a Buddhist association in Tolin Temple, vowing to go to the western paradise after his death. They also dug ponds to plant Bai Lianhua. The place where Buddha was recited was named Bailianshe. Celebrities such as Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun also came here to play and sing, so Tuolin Temple became a gathering place for monks and nuns, customs and elegance. In the 18th year of Qing Dynasty (1838), Miao Sheng, the abbot of Baosi, imitated the story of Hui Yuan, planted Bai Lianhua on the west side of Xiazi behind the temple, and established Bai Lianhua Society. Poets and monks have a poetic commandment: "Between white clouds and dock houses, I worship Buddha and escape from Zen and Zishan;" Outside the Lotus Festival again, he was recruited to like Yan. "In the second year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1863), Master Xin, a disciple of Master Miao Sheng, saw that the White Lotus Club was too small and rebuilt it behind the Blissful Hall. This is a quiet courtyard with a Buddhist temple in the middle. There is a lotus pond in front of the main hall, which is covered with white meridian lotus. This flower is elegant and fragrant, which makes people relaxed and happy. Outside the railing of the lotus pond, tourists are often surrounded. They threw metal coins into the pond one by one, sighed and floated happily. That's because of the homophonic relationship between "gone with the wind" and "blessing". The origin of a White Lotus Sect "White Lotus Sect" is actually to "cultivate the pure land". First, there was White Lotus Sect, then there was White Lotus Pond and White Lotus Pavilion. According to the book "The First Record of Lushan Mountain" written by Chen in the Northern Song Dynasty:
Less is more important, and I am deeply impressed by seeing the public in the distance. It is the temple that turned over the Nirvana Sutra and was planted in the white lotus pond because the pond was cut at the back. It is called Pagoda, and now An Baili Pavilion is its hometown. And Hui Yong, Hui Zhi, Tan Shun, Tan Heng, Zhu Daosheng, Hui Rui, Dao Jing, Dao Min, Tan Yu, Bai Yi, Zhang Ye,,, Zhou, Lei Cizong, Brahma Buddha Yeshe, etc. 18, all of them are pure land initiates because of the name Anbailishe.
Because the founder of "White Lotus Sect" is Hui Yuan, also known as "Yuan Gong", it was called "Yuan Gong White Lotus Sect" until the Song Dynasty.
For example, the northern song dynasty "Mao Ting Hakka" (Huang Xiufu volume 3) records:
There is a wonderful round tower outside the east gate of the pseudo-Shu River. The monk in the courtyard is called Hangqin, and his common surname is Zhang. ..... Zhang Daozhe, don't get together, even sprinkle, don't form a distant white lotus society. My heart is like the autumn moon, why is it famous all over the world?
Because "White Lotus Sect" was founded by Hui Yuan in "Tolingi (Taiping xingguo temple in the early Northern Song Dynasty)", it is also called "Lindong White Lotus Sect".
For example, Sheng 'an Poetry Volume 10 (Yang Shen):
What is planted in the pond in Yuan Gong? Red scale fish at the bottom of Robbie's fan. ..... When did you join the society with Liu's adherents? Brief introduction is a folk religion that spread from the Northern Song Dynasty to modern times. Pure land Sect originated from Buddhism. According to legend, Hui Yuan (334 ~ 4 16? ) Lushan Mountain, Tolin Temple and Liu adherents entered Bailian Buddhism, which was regarded as a model by later generations. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the Pure Land Buddhist Association prevailed, which was often called White Lotus Society or Lotus Society. The hosts are monks and literati at home. During the period of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1131~162), Mao Ziyuan, a monk in Kunshan, Wu County (now Kunshan, Jiangsu Province), founded a Protestant Sect called Pai, which was based on the popular Pure Land Sect at that time. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the people prevailed, and the peasant army often revolted in the name of Anbalism.
There are many volumes of the White Lotus Sect, mainly including The Great Picture of Golden Lock and Hongyang, The Sutra of Our Lady of Xuanniang, Three Calendars of Zhenguo, Ode to Maitreya, and The Sutra of the Robbery. The establishment and development of Anbaili religion in Shaoxing In the Southern Song Dynasty (1 133), Shaman Mao Ziyuan in Wu Jun County, Jiangsu Province founded An Baili, which was originally a branch of Buddhism. Its teachings originated from Pure Land Sect, which worships Amitabha (the Buddha with infinite life). This religious belief is called "White Lotus Religion" because of "careful use of onions and no drinking". In the Yuan Dynasty, this religion infiltrated other religious concepts, mainly the theory of Maitreya's afterlife, and gradually turned to worship Maitreya and changed its name to An Baili. The early White Lotus Sect worshiped Amitabha and advocated chanting Buddha and keeping precepts (not to live, not to steal, not to be evil, not to lie down and not to drink, collectively called the five precepts) in order to die in the pure land of the West. Its teachings were roughly the same as those of Pure Land Sect. Mao Ziyuan used the teachings of Tiantai Sect to draw a Buddha's map of harmony between four lands and three views, and explained the level of Buddha's land with Buddha statues, figures and metaphors. Simplify and unify the rituals of chanting Buddha and practicing confession formulated by predecessors, and formulate the White Lotus Morning Confession Instrument. Before the Pure Land Association, there was only a relaxed social friend relationship among the participants, and the associations were not affiliated with each other. Mao Ziyuan changed it into a society related to teachers and clans. He built a Bai Lianhua Memorial Hall in Dianshan Lake, Kunshan, and called a tutor to sit on the altar under the stage. He also stipulated that people should be named after the word "Pujue Miaodao", thus establishing a relatively stereotyped religion.
Shan Tong and Liu Futong in Han Dynasty at the end of Yuan Dynasty, Zhao Quan and Xu Hongru in Ming Dynasty were all followers of this religion. Therefore, in the eyes of the imperial court, the word "Bai Lianjiao" is almost synonymous with rebellion. After the Yuan Dynasty unified China, Anbaili Sect was recognized and rewarded by the imperial court and entered a short heyday. Later, after Zhu Yuanzhang seized power with the help of Anbaili Zoroastrianism, he explicitly banned "Left Witchcraft" in the Ming Law, and Anbaili Sect fell from power. In the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong, Shandong sent Wang Lun to revolt against the Qing Dynasty, and Anbaili sent another shock to the ruling and opposition parties.
At the beginning of Anbailism, Mao Ziyuan was exiled to Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) after being officially stopped. But it is spread because of its simple teachings and simple practices. By the late Southern Song Dynasty, although it was still regarded as "evil" by some local officials and orthodox Buddhist monks, it had spread everywhere and even to the north under Mongolian rule. After the Yuan Dynasty unified China, Anbaili was recognized and rewarded by the imperial court and entered its heyday. Tolin Temple in Lushan Mountain and Bailiantang in Dianshan Lake were two centers of Anbaili religion at that time.
Under the call of "being honest at home", Anbaili Sect has formed a large number of family-based vocational schools, which are called An Baili Road. Because "becoming a monk at home", he doesn't shave his head or wear a monk's clothes, so he is also called a Taoist or a monk with hair who doesn't shave his hair or dye his hair. In the Yuan Dynasty, temples composed of Taoist priests in An Baili spread all over the north and south, with thousands of people gathered and dozens of people gathered, comparable to Buddhist temples. Buddha statues such as Amitabha, Guanyin and Dazhi are enshrined in the temple (collectively known as the three saints of Amitabha). At the top, they bless the royal family and pray for a long life, while at the bottom, they hold Buddhist ceremonies for local governments. There are also some good deeds such as building roads and bridges. Most temples have land assets, and the host is often passed down from generation to generation. The property of the temple is actually the property handed down from generation to generation by the owner. Some leaders communicated with the government and became local tyrants.
After a long-term spread, the organization and doctrine of Anbaili religion changed in the Yuan Dynasty, with loose discipline and numerous sects. Some sects convert to Maitreya and preach the religious prophecy of "Maitreya will live next", which belongs to Maitreya's pure land practice. Some people gathered at night to make trouble, or occasionally armed against the rule of the Yuan Dynasty. In the first year of New Year's Day (1308), the court ordered the White Lotus Sect to stop because it was too powerful. It was not until Injong ascended the throne (13 1 1 year) that the general monk Pu of Bailiantang in Tuolin Temple of Lushan Mountain came to rescue, and Bailian religion resumed its legal status. In his second year in office (1322), his activities were restricted again. Since then, Ambry organizations in many places have been hostile to the government, and most of their letters came from the lower classes. Therefore, when there were many social contradictions at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, some Anbaili organizations took the lead in arming against the Yuan Dynasty. The leaders of the Red Scarf Uprising, such as Han, Xu Shouhui and Zou Pusheng, are all white lotus believers. They inspired the masses with the predictions that the Ming King (Amitabha) was born and Maitreya was born, which had a great influence.
Strict white lotus religion in the early Ming Dynasty. During the years of Hongwu and Yongle, Anbaili religion had many armed movements in Sichuan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shandong and other places, and some even built emperors, all of which were suppressed. After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there were dozens of religions among the people, such as Jinchan, Wuwei, Longhua, Wukong, Yuan Huan, Yuandun, Hongyang, Maitreya, Jing Qing, Dacheng, Sanyang, Hunyuan, Wen Xiang and Luodao, and some even taught several names. The two are not subordinate to each other, and there are many differences in doctrine and ceremony. The gods they believe in are extremely complicated, including the Jade Emperor in heaven, the Yan in hell and the sages on earth. Maitreya Buddha is the most respected. Since the period of Zheng De, there has been the worship of childless women, and there is also the eight-character mantra of "vacuum hometown, childless women". It is said that the inanimate mother is an inanimate and immortal ancient Buddha. She wants to save the world's children and avoid disaster. This paradise is a vacuum hometown. Each sect writes its own scriptures, which are called baojuan. The rulers think that these different sects are actually white lotus, and the people also call them white lotus in general.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, Anbailism was still accepted by the rulers because it did not break away from orthodox Buddhism as a whole. In the Yuan Dynasty, due to the different status of people from all walks of life in the church, there were obvious differences in the pursuit of goals. One school lived beside Mao Ziyuan as an authentic immigrant, inherited Mao Ziyuan's mantle in religious theory and practice, and cooperated with the Yuan rulers politically. The other school completely betrayed Mao Ziyuan's purpose of advocating education, and came down in one continuous line with the lower mass movement and embarked on the road of resisting the Yuan regime. In the 11th year of Zheng Zhi, Yuan Shundi (135 1), the Yuan government recruited civilian workers to block the Yellow River, which triggered a nationwide Anbailian uprising. The rebel army called for "Maitreya Buddha's life, Ming Wang's life", which received a positive response from the broad masses who could not bear the rule of the Yuan Dynasty and quickly swept the country. In August of the 28th year, the Ming army invaded Dadu (now Beijing) and overthrew the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang knew the great significance of Anbaili rebellion, and immediately ordered the banning of An Baili after calling himself "King Daming". However, the White Lotus Sect did not completely converge. After the integration of the north and the south in the early Ming Dynasty, there was a grand occasion of secret circulation. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Bailian Sect rebelled almost continuously. After the Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains, the White Lotus Sect often focused on national interests, advocated "returning the sun and the moon to the sun" and raised the banner of anti-Qing and regaining sight, which was severely punished by the Qing court. However, during the periods of Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong, the anti-Qing restoration activities of Anbailism never stopped.
There are many volumes of the White Lotus Sect, mainly including The Great Picture of Golden Lock and Hongyang, The Sutra of Our Lady of Xuanniang, Three Calendars of Zhenguo, Ode to Maitreya, and The Sutra of the Robbery. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio-In Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Bai Lianjiao has an article "Bai Lianjiao", which reads as follows:
Bai Lian stole the first Xu Hongru and got the Book of the Left Way, which can serve ghosts and gods. If you try, the viewer will be frightened, and people who walk under the door will be like owls. So I got pregnant. Because of a mirror, words can be used as a guide to life. Hanging in the court makes people look forward to it, or it's a pity, or the gauze hat, embroidered clothes and the story of diusim show different shapes. Heat is good for monsters. So the road is broadcast remotely, and people who are anxious to see the door are sweating. Xu Naixuan said, "All the officials in the mirror are Tathagata, and they are destined to be in the Longhua Club. Work hard and don't back down. " Because you took pictures of the public, you were crowned with dragons and dragons. You look like a king. Everyone looked at each other, surprised, and the public fell together. Xu Naijian raised his flag (sound: yue), but he was not happy to follow, and his wings moved. In a few months, thousands of people gathered around Ito and Yao Yi, and the wind was overwhelming.
After the soldiers entered the suppression, there were Peng Dusi and Changshan people with unparalleled martial arts. Two women fighting with their heads down. Women are double-edged swords, sharp as frost; Riding on a big horse is very angry. Wandering around, sooner or later, he can't hurt Peng, and Peng can't be quick. Three days later, Peng Jue was exhausted and died of asthma. Asked the thief, knowing that the blade is a wooden knife and riding a wooden stool. It's amazing that the fake terracotta warriors and horses are dead, the real general!