Fund, in English, not only refers to a certain amount of funds set up for a certain purpose. It mainly includes trust and investment funds, provident funds, insurance funds, retirement funds and funds of various foundations. From the accounting point of view, funds also mean funds with specific purposes and uses. The fund we are talking about mainly refers to the securities investment fund.
1. Funds are divided into money funds, bond funds, hybrid funds, index funds, stock funds and special funds according to different investment objects.
2. According to the different ways of raising funds, it can be divided into Public Offering of Fund and private equity funds. Public offering of funds means that fund companies can publicly raise and publicize; Private equity funds cannot be publicized publicly, with a starting point of 654.38+0 million.
3. According to the different ways of establishment, it can be divided into open-end funds and closed-end funds. Open-end funds are funds that can be purchased and redeemed at any time, so the share of open-end funds is changing; Closed-end fund means that the share is not fixed and cannot be purchased and redeemed during the closed period.
4. According to the different trading places, it is divided into: on-site funds and off-site funds. On-site funds are funds listed on the exchange, and generally have independent quotes to look at; OTC funds refer to funds traded outside the exchange, such as Alipay, WeChat and Tian Tian Fund.
The difference between stocks and funds:
(1) Stock is a kind of valuable securities, and it is the stock certificate of a joint-stock company when it raises capital from investors, which represents the ownership of the joint-stock company by its holders (that is, shareholders). Buying stocks is also a part of buying enterprises, and it can grow and develop with the development of enterprises.
2 funds. Broadly speaking, a fund refers to a certain amount of funds to achieve a certain purpose. People usually refer to funds mainly as securities investment funds. Funds can not only invest in securities, but also invest in enterprises and projects. Fund management companies concentrate investors' funds by issuing fund units, which are managed by fund custodians (that is, qualified banks) and managed and used by fund managers to invest in financial instruments such as stocks and bonds, and then share investment risks and benefits. The net value of the fund is the same as the assets owned by the fund. The total asset value calculated according to the market closing price of each business day, after deducting the various costs and expenses of the fund on that day, is the net asset value of the fund on that day. Divided by the total number of units issued by the fund on that day, it is the unit net value.