Since this month's symposium on private enterprises, a wave of financing policies for private enterprises have been intensively introduced. Now that the National People's Congress has introduced many measures, it can be said that private enterprises are welcoming an unprecedented favorable financing environment.
According to Xinhua News Agency, the the State Council executive meeting mainly announced the following measures:
1. Expand the scope of qualified collateral for medium-term loan facilities from "small and micro enterprise loans with a single credit of 5 million yuan or less" to100000 yuan.
2. Strive to reduce the average interest rate of new small and micro enterprise loans by major commercial banks in the fourth quarter by 1 percentage point compared with the first quarter.
3. Stimulate the endogenous motivation of financial institutions and solve the problem of unwilling and afraid to lend. Link the loan business of small and micro enterprises with internal assessment and salary.
4. Rectify unreasonable loans, clean up unnecessary financing links and additional fees, and seriously investigate and deal with deposit-loan linkage and other behaviors.
5. Clean up the accounts owed by government departments and large state-owned enterprises to private enterprises. Where there are such problems, it is necessary to establish a ledger to "pay off debts within a time limit". For local and departmental arrears, the central government should take measures, such as withholding their deposits in the state treasury or reducing transfer payments accordingly.
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"Private enterprises" and "small and micro enterprises" have "directional banknote printing+directional interest rate reduction".
The scope of qualified collateral for medium-term lending facilities has been expanded from "small and micro enterprise loans with a single household credit of 5 million yuan or less" to 6.5438+million yuan. The central bank's expansion of the scope of "qualified collateral" means that the central bank is prepared to "expand the scale of printing money". The range of collateral determines the direction of printing money.
Since the beginning of this year, the central bank has listed bonds with low credit rating issued by "small and micro enterprises" as "qualified collateral" for the first time. After that, if the qualified bonds of small and micro enterprises are issued in the market, financial institutions will be willing to buy them because they are "useful" and can be mortgaged to the central bank for "cheap money".
Later, the "small and micro enterprise loan with a single household credit of 5 million yuan or less" was included in the scope of MLF qualified collateral. This means that if banks grant loans to "small and micro enterprises with a single credit of 5 million yuan or less", they can take these loan vouchers and collect "cheap money" from the central bank.
1October 9 the State Council executive meeting 165438+ proposed to expand "5 million" to "100000". This means that the range that can be used as MLF collateral is expanded again.
Obviously, "directional printing of money" is not enough, but also "directional interest rate reduction". The the State Council executive meeting also pointed out that "the average interest rate of new small and micro enterprise loans by major commercial banks in the fourth quarter was 1 percentage point lower than that in the first quarter".
This is not difficult for financial institutions to achieve, because since the second half of this year, the financing costs of private enterprises have begun to gradually decline.
According to the data disclosed by Guo Shuqing, by the end of the third quarter, the average interest rate of 18 major commercial banks on loans to small and micro enterprises was 6.23%, which was about 0.7 percentage points lower than that in the first quarter. In other words, according to this standard, the above goal can be achieved by reducing the average loan interest rate of small and micro enterprises by 0.3 percentage points in the fourth quarter.
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Private enterprise loans are expected to increase by 5 trillion yuan every year.
According to incomplete statistics, private enterprise loans account for 25% of the balance of banking loans, while the share of private economy in the national economy exceeds 60%. The loans obtained by private enterprises from banks do not match their proportion in the economy.
In the long run, the loan support of the banking industry to private enterprises should conform to the corresponding proportion of the private economy in the national economy. Therefore, the CBRC initially considers that the loan to private enterprises should reach the goal of "125", that is, in the new enterprise loans, the loans to private enterprises by large banks should not be less than 1/3, and the loans to small and medium banks should not be less than 2/3. After three years, the proportion of bank loans to private enterprises shall not be less than 50%.
At present, the loans of banking financial institutions to private enterprises account for less than a quarter of the total loans. If we want to achieve the goal of "125" in the next three years, the proportion of loans from private enterprises in new corporate loans from banks is expected to double. According to the current data, it is estimated that the new credit of private enterprises in the whole year is expected to reach more than 5 trillion, about 3 trillion more than at present.
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More operational information of the financing guarantee fund is clear.
The financing guarantee fund limited liability company was formally established at the end of July this year with an initial registered capital of 66 1 100 million yuan. The shareholding ratio of the Ministry of Finance is as high as 45.39%, and there are 20 institutions such as banks and insurance.
However, before this, the specific operation mode of the financing guarantee fund has not been clear to the outside world. The the State Council executive meeting released more specific information.
The meeting determined that:
First, government financing guarantee and re-guarantee institutions at all levels should focus on supporting agriculture and supporting small financing guarantees, and focus on supporting small and micro enterprises and "three rural" subjects with a single household guarantee amount of 5 million yuan or less.
The second is to reduce financing costs. The guarantee rate of financing guarantee funds is not higher than that of provincial institutions. The central government will reward places that have achieved remarkable results in expanding the scale of financing guarantee for small and micro enterprises and reducing the guarantee rate.
Third, the implementation of risk sharing, financing guarantee funds and financial institutions bear the risk responsibility ratio of not less than 20% in principle, banks may not reduce the actual loan amount. Encourage all localities to give risk compensation to small-sum guarantee business institutions with high proportion of supporting agriculture and fast growth, and explore the establishment of diversified fund replenishment mechanism with financial contribution as the main factor to ensure the sustainable operation of government financing guarantee.
The successive policies have undoubtedly brought dawn to private enterprises and small and micro enterprises. Since the beginning of this year, policies in many fields have begun to loosen. It is widely expected in the industry that the policy environment will remain relatively loose next year. We will wait and see.
(article source: opportunity treasure)