1. Goldman Sachs (in order of ranking) is the world's earliest professional investment bank, founded in 1861 by Mr. Gol?dman Sachs.

Goldman Sachs is known for its strong corporate culture. In its more than 100 years of history, it has always adhered to the main strategy of investment banking and rarely gets involved in commercial banking, retail brokerage and other fields (but not completely involved). It is the first Wall Street investment bank.

2. Morgan Stanley was originally an investment bank under the Morgan consortium, but now the Morgan consortium has long since collapsed. Morgan Stanley has no special relationship with JP Morgan.

In 1933, the United States stipulated that investment banks and commercial banks must be separated, and Morgan Stanley became a pure investment bank. Historically, it has closely followed Goldman Sachs, and last year it lost the top spot.

Morgan Stanley was one of the earliest investment banks to take action on the Chinese market and is a major shareholder of CICC.

3. JP Morgan JPMorgan was originally a commercial bank affiliated with the Morgan consortium. As early as 1989, it was chartered by the U.S. government to engage in investment banking business. In 2001, it encountered a crisis due to poor management and merged with Chase Bank.

With the deregulation of investment banking business in the United States, JP Morgan has gradually developed into a universal bank similar to Deutsche Bank and UBS, and its subsidiary Bank0ne is also a famous banking brand.

JP Morgan is also the largest asset management company in the United States, and many famous fund managers are from JP Morgan.

4. Swiss Bank UBS Swiss Bank is one of the largest universal banks in Europe. Its investment banking department is mainly UBS Warburg (Warsburg), formerly the investment bank of the British Warburg Group.

UBS is mainly known for its strong commercial banking division. It is not a mainstream investment bank in the U.S. market and has not made much moves in the Chinese securities field.

What is certain is that UBS will continue to develop lucrative investment banking businesses and move closer to JP Morgan and Deutsche Bank.

5. Deutsche Bank is the most famous universal bank in the world. Its commercial banking and investment banking businesses are very strong, but it does not seem to have the securities analysis, securities brokerage and consulting functions of a typical American investment bank (of course, it certainly has these

department, but not taken seriously by Wall Street).

Deutsche Bank's investment banking business is still mainly in Europe, and it is rare to hear that it serves as the lead underwriter of large American companies.

China is a new market that Deutsche Bank is focusing on developing, but currently it seems that commercial banks are still the main market.

6. Merrill Lynch Merrill and Lynch is the world's largest retail securities broker. It started off by relying on the wave of retail investment. Its securities analysis and consulting department is the strongest in the world.

Strictly speaking, investment banking is not Merrill Lynch's main business, but with the consolidation of its position as the number one securities broker, its investment banking business has become bigger and bigger, second only to traditional investment banks such as Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley.

However, the conflicts of interest between Merrill Lynch's two main departments, investment banking and securities brokerage, are also increasingly accumulating. It is difficult to balance the interests of large customers and retail investors. Today, when investment banking and securities brokerage and consulting businesses are increasingly separated, Merrill Lynch is also faced with

facing unpredictable challenges.

7. Bank of America is the fastest growing commercial bank in the United States in recent years. It mainly relies on a series of acquisitions to achieve the status of a super bank.

As the United States no longer prohibits commercial banks from engaging in investment banking business, its investment banking sector has also developed rapidly.

It is worth noting that Bank of America has just become a major shareholder of China Construction Bank this year and is preparing to further strengthen investment in China.

It is not too far away to launch large-scale investment banking business in China.

8. Credit Suisse First Boston CSFB The combination of Credit Suisse Bank and First Boston Investment Bank is a typical product of European and American cooperation.

In China, it has a great reputation, but it has not developed much real business. The most profound impression on people is probably its harsh recruitment conditions, which even far exceed those of higher-ranked investment banks such as Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley.

It must be pointed out that Credit Suisse has no direct connection with Swiss banks, and CSFB is just a department of Credit Suisse.

9. Lehman Brothers: In 2004, it was rated as the most popular investment bank in Europe, but its headquarters is in the United States. Its status is second only to Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, and it is at the same level as Merrill Lynch and Salomon Smith Barney (now collapsed)

.

Lehman Brothers is mainly engaged in fixed income and mergers and restructuring business. It has not made much achievements in the traditional stock issuance field of investment banks. It has been relatively slow to develop its business in China. It is currently mainly attacking the Japanese and Hong Kong markets, although it also has branches in Beijing.

, but I haven’t heard of any big moves.

10. Citigroup Global Investment Bank Citigroup Global is one of the world's largest commercial banks. In the 1990s, it merged with the famous Travelers Group and obtained the famous Salomon Smith Barney Investment Bank.