The Anglican Church was founded in 1910 by President Ji Mengji who rented a house on Mafu Street in Nanjing and started preaching. In 1912, Menlanqiao, now an old house on Taiping South Road, was purchased. In 1913, the old building was demolished in preparation for rebuilding the church. The person responsible for building the church was the church's president, Jim Mengji. He solicited a donation from an Anglican in the United States whose son died in World War I. He built the church in memory of his son. Donated this amount. St. Paul's Church was designed in the form of a church and supervised by Qi Zhaochang, a construction engineer from Jinling University. It was constructed by Chen Ming Kee Construction Factory. The total construction cost including equipment was US$12,000, equivalent to 48,000 silver dollars in current currency. It was completed in 1923 and officially named St. Paul's Church. A grand consecration ceremony was held. Paul's Hall is elegant and sophisticated. Its appearance is a more authentic Gothic building. Its inner structure uses a traditional Chinese framework instead of the Gothic pointed cross arches.

The heyday of St. Paul’s Church was in 1935. Due to the efforts of our colleagues, we have achieved further development, the fund has also increased significantly, the number of believers has grown to more than a thousand, and pastors have been sent abroad for further study. At the same time, schools, clinics, etc. are also attached, with thousands of church members. In 1937, the Japanese invaders invaded Nanjing and the church's clinic, missionary office, newspaper hall, Sunday school classroom and some staff dormitories were burned down. But the subject suffered no loss. The church was organized and had a board of directors before the Anti-Japanese War, but it was dissolved in 194 due to accidents. It was reorganized in January of that year and board meetings were held monthly. In March 1943, the church was occupied by the Japanese military police, and the religious activities were forced to move to the building of the Church of God on Fufu Road to maintain the holy work. Holy Communion and worship will still be held on Sunday morning, and evening prayers will be held in the afternoon at the New Yaojia Lane Association Mission House. The pastor's salary is only supported by his income from part-time classes outside the school. The female preacher left her job and went to Shanghai to make a living. Due to the tyranny of the Japanese invaders, some pastors were detained for preaching. Seeing this, most believers did not dare to participate in religious activities. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the two church properties on Taiping Road and Baixia Road were recovered. Pastors Fu and Tang cleaned up the church site, rebuilt the gate, repaired the house, planted flowers and trees, and restored the old outlook. On September 16, 1945, the temple cleansing ceremony, Sunday worship, etc. were held, and all ministries were resumed. Children's worship, children's Sunday school, choirs, men's and women's missionary service groups, women's gatherings, youth fellowships, Bible classes, etc. have all been fully restored. At the beginning of liberation, there were still between 200 and 300 believers.

Before the Anti-Japanese War, the church had two rural branches, one in Dongliu Town, Jiangning County, and one in Tangshan Town, Jiangning County. All were hosted by Assistant Lu Xiaoting. Dongliu and Tangshan churches were bombed by Japanese invaders and could not be restored since.

St. Paul's Church is the chapel of the Nanjing Christian Episcopal Church. In 1952, it was owned by the Municipal Christian Three-Self Patriotic Association. Before the Cultural Revolution, it had been one of the main churches where Christianity held normal worship in Nanjing. During the "Cultural Revolution" it was occupied by factories. In April 1984, it was returned to the Municipal Three-Self Patriotic Association. On July 28, 1985, the church officially reopened. It is now a cultural relic protection unit in Nanjing.