Northern Europe includes two explanations. One refers to the five sovereign countries of the Northern Court Council: Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland and Iceland.

The second refers to northern Europe, including the whole European region north of the Alps.

Denmark is a developed western industrial country, and its per capita GNP has been in the forefront of the world for many years. Natural resources are scarce. Apart from oil and natural gas, there are few other mineral deposits, and all the coal needed is imported. Since 1972, it has been the third largest oil exporter in Europe. The proven lignite reserves are 90 million cubic meters. Agriculture, animal husbandry, fishery and food processing industries are highly developed. The characteristics of agriculture and animal husbandry are the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry, mainly animal husbandry. Dan is also the largest mink manufacturer in the world. Industry plays a dominant role in the national economy, and small and medium-sized enterprises are the main body. The main industrial sectors are food processing, machinery manufacturing, oil exploitation, shipbuilding, cement, electronics, chemicals, metallurgy, medicine, textiles, furniture, paper making and printing equipment. Marine mainframe, cement equipment, hearing AIDS, enzyme preparations and artificial insulin are world-famous. The tertiary industry in Denmark is developed, including public and private services, finance, insurance and other services of the central government and municipalities directly under the central government, and its output value accounts for more than 70% of the annual gross national product. Foreign trade is the lifeblood of the Danish economy. The main raw materials are imported, and the product sales depend on the international market. The government advocates building a country through trade and free trade, and formulates preferential policies to encourage the export of products. Imported products mainly include transportation equipment, telecommunications products, paper, crude oil, coal, steel, machinery and feed, while exported products mainly include dairy products, meat, fish, furniture, medicines, electronic products, instruments, ships, textiles and clothing. Denmark is a developed country in animal husbandry processing and production, and Denmark is the largest fishing country in the European Union. Tourism is the largest service industry in Denmark. The annual average number of foreign tourists is about 2 million.

Norwegian economy is a model of successful combination of market liberalization and government macro-control. The government controls major economic fields, such as the oil industry. Norway is rich in natural resources, mainly in oil, water conservancy, fisheries, forests and minerals. Among them, Norway's economy depends largely on the oil industry and international oil prices. For example, in 1999, Norway's oil and natural gas accounted for 35% of its total exports. As a non-OPEC member, Norway's oil production is second only to Saudi Arabia and Russia.

Although Norway has been rated as the most livable country by the United Nations for six consecutive years (200 1-2006), Norwegians are still worried that their living standards will begin to decline in the next 20 years when oil and natural gas begin to run out. Therefore, Norway has established a national oil fund to use the profits of the oil industry for overseas investment. By June, 2007, the National Petroleum Fund had reached 380 billion dollars. The National Petroleum Fund has effectively avoided the problem of overheating, which is very important for a small country like Norway.

Sweden has further increased its scientific research and investment, actively developed modern high-tech industries and become a modern welfare society. In the past century, the position of agriculture in Sweden's national economy has been declining. Sweden is rich in forest resources, and forestry plays an important role in the national economy. In addition to the export of wood raw materials, a large number of supporting deep processing industries such as pulp, paper, furniture and forest products chemicals have been established, and the output and export volume are among the highest in the world. Among them, the export of coniferous products ranks second in the world, pulp ranks third in the world and paper ranks fourth in the world. At the same time, the government pays attention to environmental protection, and the annual deforestation does not exceed the natural growth, which makes the forest coverage rate in Sweden stable for a long time. While retaining traditional characteristics, Sweden's advantageous departments have turned to high-tech machinery, chemical industry and other industries, and vigorously developed emerging industries such as information, communication, biology, medicine and environmental protection. At present, Sweden has its own aviation industry, nuclear industry, automobile manufacturing industry, advanced military industry, and world-leading telecommunications industry and medical research capabilities. Sweden is also a world leader in software development, microelectronics, telecommunications and photonics. Foreign trade export profit accounts for about 45% of GDP. Sweden H& many internationally renowned brands, such as Metropolitan Daily, Volvo Cars, Scania Commercial Vehicles, Saab Cars and Weapons, Ericsson, Electrolux, ABB, Tetra Pak, Hasselblad Camera, IKEA Furniture and H & M Clothing, AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical, SKF Bearing Company, Alfa Laval Group and Atlas Copco Industrial Group, etc. According to the proportion of population, Sweden has the largest number of multinational companies in the world. In 2006, six Swedish companies entered the Fortune Global 500 list. Finland is a highly industrialized and liberalized market economy, and its per capita output is roughly equivalent to that of Britain, France, Germany or Italy. The main pillar of the economy is manufacturing ―― mainly timber, metal, engineering, telecommunications and electronics industries. Finland's communication industry, represented by Nokia, is very developed. Finland is known as the country with the highest proportion of Internet access and the largest number of mobile phones per capita. Trade is very important to Finland, and about one-third of GDP comes from exports. Apart from wood and some minerals, Finland relies on imports for raw materials, energy and some industrial parts.

Finnish agriculture is only self-sufficient in basic agricultural products. As the main pillar of export, timber industry provides a second employment choice for rural population. Finland's glass manufacturing is world-famous, and its metal processing technology is also quite sophisticated. Because of its abundant wood, Finnish furniture design and manufacture enjoys a high reputation in the world. Furniture designed in Finland in the early 20th century still looks very modern.

There is not much trade in Iceland. I'm not sure. . . . I'm sorry

Their imports are different, depending on demand. Usually petroleum fuel or something.

I hope my answer is helpful to you.