How to realize low-carbon economy? Low-carbon economy is an economic model based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emission. The essence of low-carbon economy is to use energy efficiently, develop clean energy and pursue green GDP. How to share the low-carbon economy is as follows.
Ways to realize low-carbon economy 1 First, incorporate emission reduction targets into the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.
It is a solemn commitment and a very heavy responsibility to achieve a 40%-45% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP in China by 2020 compared with 2005. On the one hand, it shows that China must change its economic growth mode, adjust its economic structure and transform into a low-carbon economy. On the other hand, it shows that the government, non-governmental organizations, enterprises and individuals must become the parties, participants, devotees and beneficiaries of this revolution.
Second, do a good job in the pilot and set a good example.
At present, Shenzhen has become the first national low-carbon ecological demonstration city approved by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, which is a good example. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development supports giving priority to the latest policies and technical standards for the construction of low-carbon eco-city in Shenzhen, guiding related projects to settle in Shenzhen first, and summing up experience in time to promote them nationwide; Shenzhen is responsible for the policies, technical standards and demonstration tasks of the national low-carbon eco-city construction. At the same time, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development supports Shenzhen to upgrade the specifications of the annual "Bright Forum", making it an influential platform for the exchange of theory and practice of low-carbon eco-city at home and abroad. In qualified provinces, cities, regions, industries and provinces, pilot projects and modes should be selected purposefully, and construction should be carried out in a down-to-earth manner to ensure sound and rapid development of China's economy driven by a low-carbon economy.
Third, set up specialized agencies to guide the "low-carbon economy".
Promoting low-carbon economy is a systematic project, which needs the cooperation of the whole society. Improving the environment and forming a resource-saving and environment-friendly economic development model require equal attention to administrative, legal and economic means. Administrative means is guidance, legal means is rule, and economic means is balance. Because the essence of environmental problems is development, and ultimately it depends on economic laws and market mechanisms to solve them. In order to ensure that the whole society keeps pace, Qi Xin makes concerted efforts to make the "low-carbon economy" advance on the right track and successfully complete this arduous and great revolution that completely changes the social and economic order and lifestyle of human beings, it is absolutely necessary for the state to set up a "low-carbon economy guidance institution".
Fourth, formulate relevant policies to ensure the healthy development of "low-carbon economy".
Absorb international advanced experience, formulate and introduce industrial import policies; Support policies for land use; Financial support policy; A complete technical theory; Systematic industry, product certification and testing standards and accelerated personnel training.
Fifth, vigorously develop "low-carbon industries".
In order to achieve low carbon, it is not advisable to stop development and develop at a low speed, but to accelerate development and improve China's competitiveness in low-carbon economy and technology. Therefore, while changing the mode of economic growth, adjusting the economic structure and transforming into a low-carbon economy, we should vigorously develop low-carbon industries. Low-carbon economy is not only a responsibility that needs to be taken seriously, but also means new development opportunities. We must cultivate and innovate more new economic growth points in the transformation and change. Hangzhou's first "low-carbon industry fund" with a scale of 5 billion yuan is a typical government-led low-carbon industry, and its investment direction is "high-carbon transformation, low-carbon upgrading and no carbon substitution". High-carbon transformation includes energy saving and emission reduction; Low-carbon upgrading includes upgrading the original equipment with new materials, new equipment and new technologies; Carbon-free alternatives include new energy sources; Nuclear, wind, solar, etc.
Sixth, handle the relationship between "one grasp" and "three defenses".
"One grasp" is to grasp the construction of low-carbon economy; "Three Preventions" is to prevent rushing headlong into action and prevent projects from being chaotic and wasteful. This is a lesson from history. At the beginning, governments, industries and society at all levels must be clear-headed, clear-headed, consistent in understanding and unified in pace. "
Seventh, do a good job in publicity and education popularization and supervision by public opinion.
Governments at all levels should publicize the importance, necessity and benefits of low-carbon economy through various means, and often inform the society of the progress, effectiveness and shortcomings of emission reduction, and at the same time organize the media to cooperate with government orders to report and expose relevant issues in a timely manner. Open a special low-carbon economic network, build a bridge between the people and the government, and give play to the people's role as masters of the "low-carbon economy".
Eighth, give full play to the role of NPC and CPPCC in the operation of low-carbon economy.
Governments at all levels fully respect the approval, supervision and role of the NPC and CPPCC in new projects, investment direction and emission reduction effectiveness. In addition to regularly organizing delegates and members to inspect new low-carbon economic projects, the government should also inform delegates and members of the operation of low-carbon economy, the proportion of low-carbon economy in GDP and the contribution rate of low-carbon economy to people's happiness at the annual two sessions.
How to realize low-carbon economy II. Challenges of low-carbon economy
Low carbon industry
Under the background of global warming, "low-carbon economy" based on low energy consumption and low pollution has become a global hotspot. Developed countries in Europe and America vigorously promote the "low-carbon revolution" with high energy efficiency and low emissions as the core, focus on developing "low-carbon technologies", make major adjustments to policies such as industry, energy, technology and trade, and seize opportunities and industrial commanding heights. The war of low-carbon economy has quietly started around the world. This is both a pressure and a challenge for China.
Challenges in developing low-carbon economy
China, which is accelerating industrialization, urbanization and modernization, is in the stage of rapid growth of energy demand, and it is impossible to stop large-scale infrastructure construction; China, which has been poor and backward for a long time, pursues a well-off society in an all-round way and is committed to improving and improving the living standards and quality of life of 654.38+300 million people, thus bringing about a sustained increase in energy consumption. "High carbon" and "development emission" have become the main restrictive factors of China's sustainable development. How to ensure the continuous improvement of people's living standards without repeating the old road of western developed countries seeking development at the expense of the environment is a difficult problem that China must face.
Challenges of developing low-carbon economy II
The resource conditions of "rich in coal, short of gas and short of oil" determine that China's energy structure is dominated by coal, and the choice of low-carbon energy resources is limited. In electricity, hydropower only accounts for about 20%, thermal power accounts for more than 77%, and "high carbon" is absolutely dominant. According to calculation, every ton of coal will produce 4. 12 tons of carbon dioxide gas, which is 30% and 70% more than oil and natural gas respectively. It is estimated that China's power investment in the energy sector will reach10.8 trillion US dollars in the next 20 years. The threat of large-scale development of thermal power to the environment can not be ignored.
The third challenge of developing low-carbon economy
The main body of China's economy is the secondary industry, which determines that the main sector of energy consumption is industry, and the backward level of industrial production technology intensifies the high-carbon characteristics of China's economy. According to the data, from 1993 to 2005, China's industrial energy consumption increased by 5.8% annually, accounting for about 70% of the total energy consumption. In 2005, the energy consumption of high energy-consuming industries such as mining, steel, building materials, cement and electric power accounted for 64.4% of industrial energy consumption. It is an important subject to adjust the economic structure and improve the level of industrial production technology and energy utilization.
Challenge 4 of developing low-carbon economy
As a developing country, the biggest constraint of China's economic transformation from "high carbon" to "low carbon" is its backward overall scientific and technological level and limited technological research and development capacity. Although the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change stipulates that developed countries are obliged to provide technology transfer to developing countries, the actual situation is far from it, and China has to rely mainly on commercial channels to introduce technology. It is estimated that China will transform from a high-carbon economy to a low-carbon economy on the basis of its GDP in 2006, which will require 25 billion US dollars annually. Such a huge investment is obviously a heavy burden for developing China, which is not yet rich.