How to start a business in rural areas

Entrepreneurship is a kind of behavior that requires entrepreneurs and their business partners to organize thinking, reasoning and judgment on management, application of services, technologies and utensils. The following is how to start a business in rural areas that I have carefully organized. Welcome to share.

At present, with the development of market economy and the adjustment of agricultural structure, the cultivated land area is decreasing year by year, and the rural surplus labor force is increasing day by day. In order to accurately understand the employment situation of local rural female labor force, Jiangkou Street Women's Federation conducted an investigation and interview on the employment situation of women in 52 administrative villages under its jurisdiction.

first, the current situation of women's entrepreneurship and employment

At present, the rural labor force in Jiangkou Street is 2,86, of which 13,737 are women. According to incomplete statistics, 5, rural female laborers have been transferred through various channels, and 4, surplus laborers remain in rural areas, which is not only a great waste of labor resources, but also detrimental to women's progress, rural stability and economic development. According to the survey, self-employed women, migrant women and left-behind women have the following characteristics:

1. The main characteristics of rural self-employed women are as follows: First, the success rate of rural women's entrepreneurship is relatively low, with an average of about 3 to 4 women in each village. Second, most women who succeed in starting a business have high cultural quality and strong sense of innovation. Third, women who succeed in starting a business have strong anti-risk ability and firm belief. Fourth, successful women pay attention to ordinary accumulation, have long-term vision, are well prepared, have unique thinking and have a strong desire for innovation.

2. The main characteristics of rural migrant women are as follows: First, in terms of age structure, more than 9% of migrant women are between 16 and 45 years old; Second, in terms of education, the vast majority of migrant women are above junior high school; Third, in the distribution of work places, most women work in Ningbo, Fenghua and other places; Fourth, in terms of the types of workers, more than 61% women work in factories and workshops such as textiles, clothing, toys and electronics, about 13% women work in supermarkets, hotel services, catering services and other industries, and about 1% women work in domestic service; Fifth, in terms of migrant workers' income, the annual income of migrant workers is mostly around 8,-3, yuan, and about 25% of women earn more than 2, yuan.

3. The main characteristics of rural left-behind women are as follows: First, in terms of age structure, most left-behind women are over 35 years old, and a small number of stay-at-home women aged 2-35 have not gone out to work for the time being because of giving birth and caring for young children; Second, in terms of educational level, most left-behind women have a low level of education. Among them, more than 65% have primary school education or below; Third, in terms of professional expertise, they have basically not participated in vocational and technical training and have no technical expertise; Fourth, on the reason of staying at home, I don't want to go out and my family doesn't support them, which are subjective factors, and the need to do housework and participate in agricultural production are objective factors.

second, analysis of factors restricting women's entrepreneurial innovation

from the above survey results, we can easily see that the main factors restricting the transfer of rural women's labor force are as follows:

(1) objective reasons: 1. Capital bottleneck restricts women's entrepreneurship. Although some women are full of entrepreneurial enthusiasm, some projects have to be abandoned because they can't raise the required funds; Some entrepreneurial women spend most of their energy on raising funds, so it is difficult to invest in enterprise management, let alone have the energy and ability to engage in technological transformation and expand reproduction; Because of the social prejudice of different credit between men and women and women's poor ability to operate funds, entrepreneurial women also have difficulties in private lending; At present, the government has introduced preferential policies for the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises. However, because the enterprises founded by women are generally small in scale and have few fixed assets, it is difficult to meet the requirements of loan mortgage. If a woman wants to develop farming, suffering from lack of funds, she has to find a street women's Federation, and finally the women's Federation personally comes forward to guarantee the money.

2. The information is ineffective and the channels are not smooth, which affects rural women's entrepreneurial innovation. Rural women have little contact with the outside world and little information. Many people want to start a business but don't know what to do and what to do. In the survey, we learned that there are three main ways for rural women to innovate in entrepreneurship: one is to rely on the recommendation of relatives and friends, the other is to look for it blindly, and the third is to rely on the recommendation of women's federations or the introduction of labor departments. Although the government has done some work for women's entrepreneurship and innovation, and women's federations at all levels have also matched the bridge to find entrepreneurial opportunities for them, the entrepreneurial innovation work of relevant departments lacks systematicness and continuity and has little effect.

3. The entrepreneurial innovation atmosphere is not strong. In the investigation, we deeply feel that local governments, departments and enterprises have a weak sense of urgency and atmosphere in accelerating independent innovation, and pay insufficient attention to independent innovation in decision-making and deployment and specific work, with little effort, few methods and joint efforts. The understanding of the connotation of independent innovation is relatively narrow, and the emphasis on the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship system is not enough; Some people don't know enough about the role of entrepreneurial innovation in economic development, and they don't pay enough attention to the introduction and investment of intangible elements such as entrepreneurial innovation; Some have the idea that "attracting investment is to circle money, and innovation investment is to spend money", and the measures for the allocation of innovative resource elements are not in place.

(2) Subjective reasons:

1. Backward employment concept is still the primary factor restricting rural entrepreneurial innovation. Rural women are basically not interested in entrepreneurial innovation, and most people think that they have no culture, no technology and nothing to do. More than half of rural women are "secure if they are rich", and some even have the negative and backward idea of "just having food, why go out to suffer". Most rural women's husbands are also unwilling to let their wives go out to work. In terms of the intention of employment area, most of them choose local short-term employment, and the traditional concept of "never leaving home" is more serious, lacking the awareness of entrepreneurship and innovation. The traditional social division of labor makes entrepreneurial women still take the heavy family burden as their due responsibility, and bear the family responsibility of supporting the elderly and educating their children. Women's entrepreneurship is often stereotyped as a "strong woman" by society, or regarded as a "restless woman". Psychological weakness has become the biggest psychological obstacle for women to start their own businesses. However, their own age, culture and skills do not meet the requirements of entrepreneurial innovation, and it is difficult to fit in with the urban market, which hinders their entrepreneurial innovation.

2. Low educational level and lack of labor skills restrict rural women's entrepreneurial innovation. Rural women generally have the same characteristics of low education, no entrepreneurship training and lack of entrepreneurial knowledge, which seriously restrict the level and field of their entrepreneurial innovation. At present, rural women's education level above junior high school belongs to the relatively low age and relatively high cultural level, but even so, their education level and labor skills are still difficult to meet the needs of modern economic mechanization, knowledge and information development. Even after short-term training, some people still can't reach the level of starting a business. They can only concentrate on labor-intensive industries with low requirements, such as clothing, shoemaking and toy processing, and engage in low-level and labor-intensive jobs, or engage in tertiary industries such as catering and entertainment. Entrepreneurial innovation requires women's cultural quality and labor skills, which seriously hinders the process of rural women's entrepreneurial innovation.

3. Lack of learning ability. Influenced by many factors, such as narrow knowledge, insufficient training in skills and lack of attention to the training of thinking methods, many rural women lack innovative spirit and ability. Although most women are not satisfied with their learning ability, they often just complain and sigh, lack confidence in themselves and strong determination to improve their learning ability. Therefore, it is urgent for us to closely combine the actual characteristics of modern rural women, build a capacity training system suitable for them, strengthen the training of women's learning ability and meet the challenges of the times.

In addition, due to the limitation of gender, women are generally less popular than men in starting a business, and most women naturally dislike socializing and have limited social circles. At the same time, women's entrepreneurship is also facing age pressure and physiological problems. Without sufficient energy to support it, an unhappy marriage will also have a great impact on their careers.

iii. Suggestions on the current rural women's entrepreneurial innovation

Doing a good job in rural women's entrepreneurial innovation is an important way to serve rural women, promote their development and increase farmers' income under the new situation. How to solve the problem of women's entrepreneurship and let women really play the role of "half the sky"?

1. Actively build a publicity platform to provide public opinion support for rural women's entrepreneurial innovation. Conservative thinking is the primary obstacle to rural women's entrepreneurial innovation. Therefore, women's federations and relevant departments are making great efforts to publicize the successful stories of women who are pioneering and innovative, mobilize and stimulate the enthusiasm of women for pioneering and innovative, and educate and guide rural women to change their employment concepts according to their psychological concerns, and gradually establish their confidence in pioneering and innovative, confidence and courage to accept challenges. In recent years, Jiangkou Street Women's Federation has focused on cultivating a group of women entrepreneurs with strong driving force and great influence. A women's association of village enterprises with female leaders from rural areas and enterprises as members was established, and a platform of mutual assistance, reciprocity and mutual benefit was established. The "Double Learning and Double Comparison" demonstration base of modern agricultural demonstration park has developed more than 4, mu of high-tech agriculture, employing more than 15 rural women and poor women, and increasing the per capita income of farmers who directly grow vegetables for the base by more than 5, yuan. In 26, the base was rated as "Ningbo Women's Entrepreneurship Demonstration Base". Driven by typical demonstrations, a group of women embarked on the road of entrepreneurship.

2. Strengthen training to effectively improve women's entrepreneurial skills. Give full play to the role of functional departments, relying on enterprises, vocational technical schools and rural distance education networks, set up a three-level training network at the city, township and village levels, led by the Women's Federation, and jointly organized labor, industry and commerce, education and other departments to provide targeted knowledge training courses and take the form of cooperative schools and joint classes to train women in employment and entrepreneurship. Practice has proved that in the face of increasingly fierce competition, only by strengthening training, vigorously improving the comprehensive quality and skill level of rural women and transforming them from simple labor to skilled talents can we lay a solid foundation for entrepreneurial innovation.

3. Establish venture capital or fund. Raise funds, set up venture capital or fund, provide certain risk protection for women's entrepreneurial innovation, use radio, television, newspapers and other media, vigorously publicize preferential policies for entrepreneurship, and provide women with entrepreneurial policy consulting services. At the same time, give more support to female entrepreneurs in entrepreneurship guidance, credit support, concept change, public opinion guidance and housework socialization, and strive to build a platform for female entrepreneurship and re-employment.

4. lead the way in a typical way, step by step, and ensure the success rate of entrepreneurship. Through investigation, it is found that not most rural women are suitable for innovation and entrepreneurship, so all women can't be encouraged to rush to start businesses. We should try our best to avoid economic risks, selectively encourage and train some elite women to start businesses and innovate first, and make a number of enterprise industries bigger and stronger, so as to promote most women's employment and promote economic development and social harmony. Only by supporting and encouraging some women elites who are prepared, capable and risk-resistant, can we develop first, and through long-term guidance and education demonstration, we can enhance the innovative and entrepreneurial ability of a group of women. In the end, it will inject new vitality into peasant families' poverty alleviation and rural economic development, and also play a positive role in women's increasingly equal family and social status.

Entrepreneurial projects:

1. Bookstore: With the improvement of farmers' living standards and the deepening of rural spiritual civilization construction, farmers have begun to pursue good spiritual food books, which are the best media for farmers to absorb spiritual food. Moreover, with the development of promoting agriculture through science and technology, the market of science and technology books in rural areas has increased dramatically. At the same time, a large number of young farmers are eager to improve their cultural quality and knowledge level, and they have consulted various skills examinations in succession, thus creating a market for examination books in rural areas. Therefore, opening a bookstore in a country with a large population or convenient transportation is like building a "golden house" in the book market.

2. Sewing shop: Nowadays, sewing machines have disappeared from the dowry of rural brides. The work of sewing and mending, xxx in the countryside and XX in the city-are not skilled. Therefore, many farmers are worried about clothes that have broken zippers, cracked small mouths and lost buttons. Even rural women who can sew would rather spend a little money to save trouble. In addition, there is a lack of clothing for the elderly in the market at present, and there are few clothes on the market that can make the rural elderly wear comfortably. Therefore, if the owner still has tailoring skills, the business of the sewing shop will definitely be good.

3. Motorcycle repair shop: Motorcycles have become one of the three major rural commodities. However, due to poor road conditions in rural areas, motorcycles have many failures and great losses? Therefore, the frequency of replacing parts and sending them for repair is high. At present, there are no motorcycle repair shops in many villages, and it is very inconvenient for farmers to have their motorcycles repaired in towns when they are broken. Therefore, it is a natural thing to open a motorcycle repair shop. However, the location of a repair shop in rural areas is very important. Generally speaking, it should be chosen in a village with many motorcycles or in the center of several neighboring villages in order to occupy enough markets.

4. Country-style restaurants: You can also make money by opening a local restaurant and introducing the local flavor dishes. First, it can attract urban diners. Now people in the city are tired of eating the dishes in restaurants, but they hope to taste the local dishes, especially the grass-roots soup, which is known as medicinal food in rural areas. The second is to attract rural hospitality meals. At present, farmers are also particular about entertaining guests. For important guests, they usually find a restaurant to arrange some good meals. And the flavor shop with affordable price and close distance is the first choice for farmers to entertain.

5. Clothing store: I have several clients who specialize in mobile vendors. They use their vans to pull many kinds of stock goods, including clothes and trousers, for sale in the market. Generally, they sell them cheaply. A pair of trousers of 35 yuan and a cotton T-shirt of 15 yuan are openly peddled in the market street. Because of their advantages in quality and price, they will win the patronage of many buyers. Now that winter is coming soon, it is time to sell sweaters in autumn and winter in the north. Besides, generally speaking, the third month of the year is the best time to sell clothes, so we choose to sell clothes in winter, and the habits of rural people in the New Year will add some new clothes to ourselves in any case, especially the sales of children's clothes at the end of the year. In addition, in the real north, sweaters can be worn from September to May Day of the next year. Therefore, the sales cycle is relatively long, and in rural sales, choosing clothes that adapt to the season can better occupy the market, so if we ensure good supply, the profit will be guaranteed. ;