The greatest achievement of the Climate Conference is the submission of the intended country-determined contribution /INDC. At present, 167 Parties have submitted the INDC. Although the emission reduction targets put forward by various countries still cannot reach the goal of controlling the global surface temperature rise within 2 degrees Celsius, it is still a very positive signal and a solid foundation for the Paris Climate Conference to reach a global emission reduction framework. Objectively speaking, if we continue to adhere to the negotiation idea of quantifying the emission reduction targets of various countries under the goal of a temperature rise of 2 degrees Celsius, the negotiations of the United Nations Climate Conference may still be deadlocked. At present, the proposal of INDC has a detailed action roadmap at the national level in terms of the overall goal of emission reduction in various countries, the adjustment path of fossil energy, the phased goal of renewable energy development, the design of market-oriented emission reduction mechanism, and the feasibility mechanism of technology transfer. This bottom-up action is more conducive to solving the problem of sustainable supply of global public goods.

This year's climate change conference should focus on the following issues: 1. Principle: How can the differences between developed and developing countries in the expression of the principle of "* * *" be finally implemented? The difficulty in negotiation is whether to adopt strict standards or flexible, dynamic or even voluntary standards. 2. How to solve the gap between the national emission reduction target and the global target when the 2.IPCC's target of raising the temperature by 2 degrees Celsius cannot be achieved? How to determine the evolution path of long-term and phased emission reduction targets? 3. How to regularly evaluate the contribution of independent emission reduction in various countries? How to construct the corresponding supervision mechanism? 4. How to build a market support mechanism for global emission reduction? How to avoid hitchhiking for countries that have not taken comparable emission reduction actions? 5. How can developed countries provide a lot of financial and technical support to help developing countries achieve emission reduction targets, and how can the source, scale and use rules of the climate fund be established? 6. Is it necessary to establish a more substantial South-South cooperation mechanism to promote the realization of emission reduction targets?