20 19 On March19, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the United States decided to open the "terahertz" spectrum for future 6G network services for innovators to conduct 6G technology experiments. 165438+1On October 3rd, China announced the establishment of a national working group and an overall expert group for the promotion of 6G technology R&D, marking the official start of the 6G technology R&D work in China.
The 6G network will be a fully connected world integrating terrestrial wireless and satellite communication. Integrating satellite communication into 6G mobile communication can achieve seamless global coverage, and network signals can reach any remote village, so that patients deep in the mountains can receive telemedicine and children can receive distance education. In addition, with the joint support of global positioning system, telecommunications satellite system, earth image satellite system and 6G ground network, the ground-air full coverage network can also help human beings to quickly predict the weather and respond to natural disasters. This is the future of 6G. 6G communication technology is no longer a simple breakthrough in network capacity and transmission rate, but the "ultimate goal" of narrowing the digital divide and realizing the Internet of Everything, which is the significance of 6G.
On March 9th, 20 18, Miao Wei, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that China had begun to study 6G. In addition to China and the United States, the European Union and Russia are also carrying out related work intensively.
Xiang Ligang, observer of China communication industry and CEO of Feixiang. Com, it is further proposed that in addition to terrestrial communication coverage, underwater communication coverage is also expected to start in the 6G era and become a part of the whole network coverage system.
20 19 1 1.3 The Ministry of Science and Technology, together with the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Natural Science Foundation of China, organized a 6G technology research and development kick-off meeting in Beijing. The meeting announced the establishment of the national 6G technology research and development promotion working group and the overall expert group. Among them, the promotion working group is composed of relevant government departments, and its responsibility is to promote the implementation of 6G technology research and development; The overall expert group consists of 37 experts from universities, research institutes and enterprises, and is mainly responsible for making suggestions and technical demonstrations on the research layout of 6G technology, and providing advice and suggestions for major decisions.
Terahertz band
6G will use terahertz (THz) frequency band, and the "densification" of 6G network will reach an unprecedented level. At that time, we will be surrounded by small base stations. Terahertz band refers to 100GHz- 10THz, which is much higher than 5G. From communication 1G(0.9GHz) to 4g (above 4g (1.8GHZ), the frequency of wireless electromagnetic waves we use is getting higher and higher. Because the higher the frequency, the wider the bandwidth allowed to be allocated, and the greater the amount of data that can be transmitted per unit time, which is what we usually call "faster network speed". However, another main reason for the development of frequency bands to high places is the limited resources of low frequency bands. Just like a highway, no matter how wide it is, the number of vehicles it can accommodate is limited. When the roads are not enough, vehicles will be blocked and cannot run smoothly. At this time, we should consider developing another road.
THz is called submillimeter wave in astronomy. The stations of this kind of observatory are generally high and dry, such as Antarctica and the Akatama Desert in Chile. "So, why do we talk about the' densification' of the network in the 6G era, and we are surrounded by small base stations? This involves the coverage of the base station, that is, the transmission distance of the base station signal. Generally speaking, there are many factors that affect the coverage of base stations, such as the frequency of signals, the transmission power of base stations, the height of base stations and the height of mobile terminals. As far as the frequency of the signal is concerned, the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength, so the diffraction ability of the signal (also called diffraction) encounters obstacles in the process of electromagnetic wave propagation. When the size of this obstacle is close to the wavelength of electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave can be diffracted from the edge of the object.
As a high-generation technology of 5G, there will be more and more technical indicators of 6G, and new indicators will form 6G together with data rate, number of connections, time delay, energy efficiency and other indicators, and metamaterials such as quantum and terahertz may also be used. It is understood that 6G will build a network to realize the integrated communication of air, sky, ground and sea. The data transmission rate is 100 times faster than 5G, and everything can be simulated.
China announced to the world that the world's first 6G satellite was successfully launched! One hundred times faster than 5G. This important news was officially issued on June 6th, 165438. The world's first 6G experimental satellite named University of Electronic Science and Technology of China was successfully launched at Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. I believe many people are very excited when they hear this news.
Many people are thinking, I haven't even used 5G, have I directly entered the 6G era? However, the definition of 6G is not that simple. We can think of 6G as 5G+, which is to truly combine satellite communication and ground communication in space, realize integration and globalization, and move the whole Internet from the earth to space.
6G technology relies on terahertz communication, which is greatly improved compared with previous radio communication and laser communication. Whether it is security, transmission speed, penetration rate, etc., it is hard to imagine that the current 5G network speed is so fast, and the 6G network is hundreds of times faster than 5G, which is terrible.
Since the beginning of 5G technology, China has been firmly in our own hands. Facts have proved how important it is to master technology. As a pioneer, China's 6G technology will definitely have a great impact on the whole world.
Excluding China enterprises, the United States formed a 6G alliance
The United States is also seizing the opportunity of 6G R&D. According to foreign media reports, the American Telecommunications Industry Association launched the 6G Alliance, which is led by the American Telecommunications Industry Solutions Alliance (ATIS). Qualcomm, Microsoft, Facebook, AT & amp； T and others are the founding members of the alliance, Samsung and Nokia have also become members, and Apple and Google have also joined in the near future.
The market scale of 6G is far over 5 G.
From the development of communication technology, technology is gradually accumulated, and the high-generation technology is based on the development of the previous generation. The level of 5G also greatly affects the research and development process of 6G technology.
5G will be a complete social intelligence system rather than a simple communication technology, and 6G will solve ubiquitous computing, so it will be very difficult to bypass 5G and the possibility of success is very small. Therefore, relying on the advantages in the construction of 5G, China is not backward at present, and it is likely to lead the global 6G technology.
The application scenarios of 6G planning far exceed 5G, and the future market scale is also much larger than that of 5G market. According to China Mobile's forecast, by 2025, the domestic market scale of 5G will be nearly 10 trillion yuan, and the market scale of 6G will be even larger after it is officially commercialized. Of course, it will take a long time for 6G to form a network. According to Samsung's white paper, the completion and commercialization of the 6G standard may be realized as early as 2028, and large-scale commercialization may be realized around 2030.