(1) To break through the institutional bottleneck, the focus of reform should be on scientific and technological innovation and the relationship between society and market.
First, we must promote the "self-revolution" of the functions of government departments. The government's investment in innovation should gradually shift from "project-oriented" to "function-oriented" and introduce socialized and market-oriented management.
Second, we must adhere to the innovation orientation of the reform of public institutions. Focus on promoting the reform of the investment mode of scientific research funds in public institutions, promoting the "allocation instead of investment", the fund system, and reforming the results identification and income distribution methods.
Third, focus on optimizing the innovation system with enterprises as the main body. Enterprises (state-owned, foreign-funded and private) should have different innovation function orientation and support policies. State-owned enterprises focus on the implementation of major national and municipal projects and become one of the power sources driven by innovation. Private enterprises should become the main force of market-oriented and non-directional "grassroots innovation" in Shanghai, and create opportunities for private enterprise innovation through government procurement, market opening, platform construction and technology sharing.
(2) Create a competitive innovation ecosystem.
First, take functional and structural measures to reduce enterprise costs. Achieve breakthroughs from the perspective and directly reduce business costs. At the same time, using non-economic leverage to reduce comprehensive costs, such as liberalizing the policy of talents entering Shanghai, improving the level of public services, optimizing the spatial layout, etc., can create a better environment for innovation, entrepreneurship and life, and can correspond to better service conditions.
The second is to support the development of innovative service industries. In the world's major scientific and technological innovation centers, innovation intermediary services show a trend of clustering and industrial chain growth. Through the development of innovative intermediary service institutions, an innovative service economy will be formed, and the supporting capacity of innovative service industry for scientific and technological innovation and industrial development will be enhanced.
The third is to train and gather a group of entrepreneurs to form a multi-level innovative talent structure. Pay full attention to the innovative core function of entrepreneurs, and put gathering and cultivating entrepreneurs in an important link in the construction of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Center.
(3) Optimizing the spatial layout of innovative economy There are two strategic spaces for Shanghai's development: the central city serves the construction of "four centers", and the suburbs are important spaces for scientific and technological innovation and manufacturing development. Make good use of suburban strategic space, adjust the layout of urban and rural structure, get out of the traditional park development model, promote the integrated development of districts, counties and cities, and accelerate the development of town economy.
The first is to build a new model for the integration of suburban production and urban development. We should adjust our thinking, break the original functions of cities and towns, and form a new model of integrated development of district and county economic production and cities.
The second is to build innovative demonstration towns and form innovative corridors. Combined with the location characteristics, a number of technology towns, cultural and creative towns, agricultural towns, industrial towns and tourist towns will be formed to form characteristic towns.
The third is to lay out the "innovation axis". Combined with Shanghai's innovation resources and industrial spatial layout, Shanghai can build an innovation axis around innovation hotspots and form an innovation plate. At the same time, the innovation axis will extend to the Yangtze River Delta, forming an innovation channel of "Shanghai-Nanjing, Shanghai-Hangzhou and Shanghai-Shanghai" to promote collaborative innovation in the Yangtze River Delta.