.

The Natural Science Foundation was established in 1982, which played a major role in promoting the development of science and technology in our country.

Since 1985, the party and government have begun to reform the science and technology system, fully introducing market and competition mechanisms to promote the further development of science and technology.

The promulgation of documents such as the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Reform of the Science and Technology System", "Several Decisions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Reform of the Science and Technology System", "Decision of the State Council on Several Issues Concerning Deepening the Reform of the Science and Technology System", reform the science and technology system from different perspectives.

, established the market orientation and economic orientation of scientific research activities.

At the National Science Conference in 1988, Deng Xiaoping put forward the conclusion that "science and technology are the primary productive forces", once again emphasizing the close connection between science and technology and economic development.

Against this background, a series of policies to support the development of science and technology were implemented, such as the "Spark Plan" in 1985, the "863 Plan" in 1986, the "Torch Plan" in 1988, the "Climbing Plan" in 1991, etc.

.

Since 1993, the party and government have begun to provide policy support to universities, important scientific research institutions, and high-tech enterprises with strong scientific research capabilities and corresponding discipline foundations.

The “211 Project” was implemented in 1993, and the “985 Project” was officially launched in 1999.

In addition, the "Technological Innovation Plan" was implemented in 1996 to support high-tech enterprises.

In 1998, the “Knowledge Innovation Project” was piloted at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In 1995, the Party Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Decision on Accelerating Scientific and Technological Progress", proposing the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, and carried out top-level design of science and technology system reform and science and technology policies. This marked the rise of my country's development and support for science and technology and scientific research. for national strategy.

From the reform and opening up to the beginning of the new century, along with the state's adjustment, reform and support for science and technology, my country's science and technology has also achieved significant results.

In November 1983, the Computer Research Institute of the National University of Defense Technology completed the development of "Yinhe-1", which was my country's first supercomputer capable of performing more than 100 million operations per second.

In 1984, the Beijing Electron Positron Collider began construction.

In 1985, the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant officially started construction, and the first phase of the project was completed and put into operation in 1991. This was the first 300,000-kilowatt pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant designed and built by my country.

As a result, China has become the seventh country in the world to be able to design and build nuclear power plants on its own, after the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, Canada, and Sweden.

In 1994, the Three Gorges Hydropower Station officially started construction and began storing water for power generation in 2003. It is the largest hydropower station in the world.

In addition, in the field of life sciences, my country also participated in the Human Genome Project in 1999 and assumed 1% of the tasks.

Entering the 21st century, the party and the government have paid more attention to and attached greater importance to scientific and technological undertakings, and have successively introduced policies to provide material and spiritual rewards to scientists and researchers who have made significant contributions.

In 2000, my country began to establish the National Highest Science and Technology Award, which is selected once a year and awarded to no more than two individuals each time who have outstanding scientific and technological achievements and huge social contributions. The president of the country will personally issue a certificate of honor and a bonus of 5 million yuan.

As of January 2019, a total of 31 outstanding scientific workers have received this award.

More importantly, the country has begun to place independent innovation in a prominent position.

In 2006, our country promulgated the "National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020)" and the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Implementing the Science and Technology Plan Outline to Enhance Independent Innovation Capabilities", which clarified "independent innovation" The guidelines emphasize the awareness and ability of independent innovation in scientific and technological development, strive to build an innovative country, and propose eight major goals to be achieved by my country's scientific and technological development by 2020.

In the context of independent innovation, the state prioritizes innovation in the manufacturing sector.

The "Government Work Report" in March 2015 proposed the grand plan of "Made in China 2025".

In May of the same year, the State Council officially issued "Made in China 2025", and "big countries value weapons" became a new goal and new driving force for the development of my country's science and technology industry.

Since the new century, my country's aerospace and astronomy fields have gradually developed and have ranked among the top in the world.

In 2003, the "Shenzhou" 5 manned spacecraft was successfully launched, making my country the third country in the world to independently carry out manned space missions after the United States and Russia; following the artificial earth satellite and manned space projects, China's space activities will The lunar exploration project is listed as the third milestone.

In October 2007, China's first self-developed lunar exploration satellite "Chang'e-1" was launched into space and successfully completed scientific research tasks related to lunar exploration, making China one of the few countries in the world with deep space exploration capabilities.

In 2011, my country's first target aircraft and space laboratory "Tiangong-1" was successfully launched.

In the same year, the "Tiangong-1" and "Shenzhou-8" spacecrafts successfully completed China's first automatic space vehicle rendezvous and docking mission.

The following year, the "Tiangong-1" and "Shenzhou-9" spacecraft successfully conducted China's first manned rendezvous and docking, which laid a solid foundation for China's future plan to establish a space station.

In 2016, the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite was successfully launched. In the same year, the "500-meter aperture spherical radio telescope" proposed and developed by Nan Rendong was officially completed and put into use, known as the "China's Eye in the Sky."