-Written on the 30th anniversary of the construction of Xiamen Special Economic Zone.
Thirty years ago, the construction of Huli Export Processing Zone was vigorous, which opened the historical prelude to the construction of Xiamen Special Economic Zone.
Twenty-seven years ago, Deng Xiaoping, the chief architect of reform and opening up, personally visited Xiamen and wrote an inscription "Make the special economic zones run faster and better". Under his direct promotion, Xiamen Special Economic Zone expanded from 2.5 square kilometers in the lake to Xiamen 1, 3 1 square kilometers, which laid the foundation for the development of special economic zones.
Last year, the State Council issued the Reply on Expanding Xiamen Special Economic Zone, agreeing to expand the scope of Xiamen Special Economic Zone to the whole city 1699 square kilometers. This is a new milestone in the development history of Xiamen Special Economic Zone, which has expanded a broader space for Xiamen to promote scientific development and leapfrog development at a new starting point.
30 years of vicissitudes. Xiamen special economic zone has changed from the front of cross-strait confrontation to the front platform of exchanges and cooperation; From a small island town in the southeast to a central city on the west side of the strait; From a tiny place of backwardness and scarcity to a civilized and harmonious beautiful homeland. In 20 10, Xiamen's GDP exceeded 200 billion yuan, increasing by 278 times in 30 years, with an average annual growth rate of17.4%; The total fiscal revenue increased by 2 1.5% annually, and increased by more than 300 times in 30 years. In 2005 and 2008, Xiamen won the title of "National Civilized City" for two consecutive years with excellent results, and passed the third review this year. When UN-HABITAT awarded Xiamen the "UN Habitat Award", it made such an evaluation: "Xiamen allows residents to have a decent home in a healthy environment."
Great changes stem from scientific development and coordinated development. The ultimate goal of development is to improve people's welfare. "All our work is for the people's interests." Yu Weiguo, member of the Standing Committee of Fujian Provincial Party Committee and secretary of Xiamen Municipal Party Committee, said this at the recent municipal party congress, which resonated with Xiamen citizens.
Change the mode of development:
Want high quality and sustainable development.
In the past 30 years, Xiamen, with relatively narrow geographical space, lack of traditional resources and weak industrial base, has achieved such a high development speed.
The answer is that the mode of economic development has changed from "factor-driven" to "innovation-driven". Focusing on the development idea of "promoting the development of secondary and tertiary industries, integrating the inside and outside of the island, expanding domestic and foreign demand, benefiting people's livelihood and promoting harmony", Xiamen has made great efforts again.
Expand advanced manufacturing industry. Photoelectric industry is the dominant industry in Xiamen. Siming District, Xiang 'an District and Xiamen Torch High-tech Zone have joined hands to build a photoelectric industrial chain with an output value of over 654.38+00 billion. Siming District is a central city with limited land resources. Focusing on upstream R&D and chip and epitaxial wafer production, leading enterprises such as Sanan Electronics have been cultivated, and 14 modern lighting design centers of national leading enterprises have been established. Xiang 'an District is a new urban area located outside Xiamen Island, with a relatively weak industrial base, but a large room for development. Xiamen Torch High-tech Zone has expanded from 1.2 square kilometers on the island to 13.8 square kilometers through the enclave industrial model, and has undertaken all the production in the downstream of the photoelectric industry, formed a complete and competitive photoelectric industrial chain, and become the only pilot of photoelectric display industrial cluster in China. This is just a microcosm of Xiamen's construction of advantageous industrial clusters. Xiamen actively promotes industrial agglomeration and layout optimization, vigorously develops emerging industries with high added value and high technology, and makes the characteristics of "people have nothing, people have something new, and people are new and special". Flat panel display, computer and communication equipment, transmission and distribution and control equipment, biology and new medicine have all become important bases in China. Xiamen currently has 574 state-level high-tech enterprises, accounting for more than half of Fujian Province.
Expand the modern service industry. Xiamen pays attention to the advantages of convenient transportation, superior living environment and good foundation of scientific and educational talents, vigorously develops the headquarters economy, focuses on developing regional headquarters, and introduces Hong Kong-funded and Taiwan-funded headquarters, central enterprises and private enterprises. Operation center, settlement center, accounting service center and design center gather in groups.
20 10 In June, the State Council approved the expansion of the scope of Xiamen Special Economic Zone to the whole city of Xiamen, and the area of the special zone expanded by 12 times, marking the arrival of the global special zone era. Xiamen Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government seized this opportunity to comprehensively accelerate the integration inside and outside the island, and the construction of Jimei, Haicang Bay, Tongan and Xiang 'an New Cities outside the island started one after another. In June this year, the construction of Xiamen-Zhangquan Metropolitan Area was officially launched, and the first batch of 18 projects covering various fields of economy and society have been comprehensively promoted.
Not the fastest, but the best. Over the past 30 years, Xiamen has embarked on a road of sound and rapid economic development and achieved the coordination of speed, structure, quality and efficiency. Xiamen's GDP per square kilometer exceeds 65.438+0.3 billion yuan; The comprehensive energy consumption per 10,000 yuan GDP is about 0.57 tons of standard coal, which is about half of the national average.
People's livelihood priority:
Let the people enjoy the fruits of development.
More than 2/3 of Xiamen's general budget is used for key areas of people's livelihood security. Take it from the people and use it for the people. Xiamen is willing to spend money for the people.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, Xiamen's social security investment exceeded 654.38+0.3 billion yuan. An all-round and multi-level social security system, including universal minimum living security, universal medical insurance, universal compulsory education and social security housing, was initially established.
Ms. Wu from Haicang District, Xiamen was hospitalized for pancreatic diseases, and she was 20 days old 1000 yuan in medical expenses. What makes her practical is that she participated in the basic medical insurance for rural residents and can reimburse more than 4,000 yuan. This is due to the implementation of the universal medical insurance system in Xiamen. Following the inclusion of the elderly residents, minors, disabled people, low-income households and other people who originally belonged to the medical insurance vacuum area into the medical insurance system in 2007, in recent years, the new rural cooperative medical system has been handed over to the labor and social security departments for management, which has promoted the integration of medical insurance benefits for urban and rural residents. Since 20 10, the urban-rural integrated medical insurance has been implemented, and each insured person can enjoy free essential drugs every year in 500 yuan, taking the lead in realizing full coverage of medical insurance in the province. At present, the proportion of hospitalization medical expenses paid by urban and rural residents has increased to 70%, and the medical insurance standard for urban and rural residents ranks among the top in the country.
Farmers in Xiamen, like urban residents, can also be taken care of by the low-income and old-age insurance systems. 20 10 Xiamen established a basic old-age insurance system integrating urban and rural areas, further lowered the payment standard and improved the level of security. The basic pension of old-age insurance was raised to 200 yuan per person per month, and the elderly over 60 could enjoy it free of charge, which was four times the national average.
In Xiamen, compulsory education is fully covered by the government's public finance, urban and rural areas are integrated, and children of migrant workers enjoy the same educational treatment. Since 2007, it has taken the lead in implementing compulsory education in China and exempted tuition and miscellaneous fees. In recent years, the financial inclination to education has been continuously increased, and the public compulsory education schools in urban and rural areas have been completely free, including the books for the children of migrant workers. Xiamen is focusing on the construction, renovation and expansion of dozens of primary and secondary schools, and the proportion of children of migrant workers entering public schools in the compulsory education stage is expected to further increase on the basis of the current 70%.
Xiamen took the lead in establishing a housing security system that covers all citizens and guarantees at different levels to ensure that eligible low-and middle-income families have housing. All the funds needed for the construction of affordable housing are invested by the government, and the proportion of net income from land transfer invested in the construction of affordable housing is higher than the minimum investment ratio stipulated by the state by 30 percentage points. In the first seven months of this year, 4 102 1 set of affordable housing has been built, exceeding the annual construction task of 40,000 sets assigned by Xiamen, and the operating rate ranks first in the province.
Eco-city:
Create a good living environment for the citizens.
Gaoji seawall is the first sea passage in Xiamen Island. It was built by Xiamen people in 1950s under the advocacy and promotion of Chen Jiageng, the patriotic overseas Chinese leader. yingtan-xiamen railway was able to enter the island, which played an important role in the development of Xiamen. The seawall has made a historic contribution, but it has also caused various problems, such as the weakening of hydrodynamic force, the increase of siltation in waterways and shoals, the decline of water quality, the deterioration of ecological landscape, the obstruction of the passage between ships and Chinese white dolphins, and so on. It is imperative to open the seawall. Recently, Xiamen announced that seven seawalls, including Gaoji, Jixing and Maluan, will all be opened during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period to restore Xiamen's original ecological environment. Among them, Gaoji and Jixinghai Dike have been renovated first.
The eco-city Xiamen has spared no effort to promote environmental protection and ecological construction for many years.
Dangdang Lake, located in the west of Xiamen Island, was formed by reclamation in the 1970s. Because there were no sewage treatment facilities at that time, the domestic sewage of hundreds of thousands of residents and industrial wastewater from more than 300 factories within 37 square kilometers around the lake were directly discharged into the lake, which stinked. Since the early 1990s, Xiamen has invested a huge sum of money in continuous improvement, which has completely restored the ecological environment of Yaodang Lake.
In order to protect the environment, Xiamen has actively adjusted its industrial structure and vigorously developed its ecological economy. Xiamen stipulates that new projects settled in high-tech industrial parks must meet seven standards, such as industrial direction, scientific and technological content, input intensity, output benefit, environmental impact, employment opportunities and resource consumption. The new park is required to be planned and designed in strict accordance with the principles of eco-industry; Ecological transformation of existing economic development zones, high-tech development zones and industrial concentration zones.
Xiamen has the courage to undertake ecological responsibility. Jiulong River flows through Longyan, Zhangzhou and Xiamen, Fujian, and is an important water supply source for the people in the three cities. Xiamen spared no expense in investing manpower, material resources and financial resources to actively explore the cross-regional governance mechanism of Jiulong River.
Xiamen's ecological governance model is changing from "governance-oriented" to "prevention-oriented". At present, the city has basically achieved the goal of "walking 500 meters with green space and walking 15 minutes to the park". The centralized treatment rate of urban domestic sewage reached 82.9%, and the harmless treatment rate of urban domestic garbage reached 94.3%. At present, the output value of industrial enterprises above designated size in Xiamen has increased by more than 400 times compared with that before the establishment of the special zone, but the overall environmental quality has basically remained at the original level.
Try first:
Build a frontier platform for cross-strait exchanges and cooperation
The development of Xiamen Special Economic Zone is closely related to the happy life of Xiamen people and the peaceful development of cross-strait relations.
The Xiamen Special Economic Zone, established for Taiwan Province, has shouldered a dual mission since its birth: it is not only the experimental field, window and vanguard of China's reform and opening up, but also the experimental field, window and vanguard of the central government's Taiwan policy and the development of cross-strait relations.
The heavy responsibility lies with the shoulders. Over the years, Xiamen has been committed to economic and trade cooperation and exchanges between Xiamen and Taiwan, and has made positive contributions to the peaceful development of cross-strait relations. The vitality and competitiveness of generate, the development institute of Xiamen Special Economic Zone, have formed the most realistic and close persuasion and integration force across the Taiwan Strait.
Since 1982, Xiamen has successively opened fishing berths in Taiwan Province Province, such as Shabowei, Dadeng, Liuwudian and Du Dong. From 65438 to 0988, Xiamen formulated the strategy of "attracting overseas Chinese, Hong Kong and Taiwan" in time, formulated various preferential policies and measures, relaxed restrictions on the industries and forms of Taiwanese investment, simplified the procedures for confirming Taiwanese investment and encouraged Taiwanese investment.
1989 and 1992, Xiamen was approved to establish three Taiwanese investment zones, namely Xinglin, Haicang and Jimei, which expanded the space for introducing Taiwanese investment on a large scale. 1994 the first local Taiwan-related law, the regulations on the protection of investment by compatriots in Taiwan Province province, Xiamen, was promulgated and implemented. In the same year, Taiwan Province compatriots took the lead in implementing the "landing visa" and "landing visa" policies. 1997, Xiamen and Kaohsiung realized pilot direct flights, taking the "ice-breaking trip" as the first way to explore direct flights between the two sides. 1997, 1999 export commodities fair to Taiwan and small commodity trading market to Taiwan were established one after another. At the end of 2004, Fujian residents were first allowed to travel to Kinmen via Xiamen Port. In 2006, Xiamen became a direct charter flight point between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait during the Spring Festival, and in the same year, it became the largest fruit sales and distribution center in Taiwan Province Province, Xiamen.
Today, Xiamen has become a gathering place for Taiwanese businessmen to invest in the mainland, and a number of world-renowned optoelectronic enterprises in Taiwan Province Province have successively settled down. Up to now, the city has approved more than 3,600 Taiwan-funded projects, with contracted Taiwan capital of nearly $654.38+0 billion, and the actually paid-in funds of about $7 billion. Xiamen has become an important trade port with Taiwan, and Taiwan Province Province has also become Xiamen's fifth largest trading partner, the largest import source and the seventh largest export market. In 20 10, Xiamen's total import and export volume to Taiwan reached US$ 6.35 billion, up 5 1. 1% year-on-year.
Economy, trade, culture, education ... Exchanges between Xiamen and Taiwan Province are becoming more and more frequent. Xiamen also took the lead in exchanging visits between grass-roots political parties, municipal and county governments and all walks of life on both sides of the strait, and launched individual tours to Jinmapeng and Taiwan Province. The "mini three links" have 36 round-trip flights every day, carrying more than 7 million passengers.
A family on both sides of the strait. From the initial "exploring the road alone" to the current "rooted family", Taiwanese businessmen who came to Xiamen witnessed and promoted the prosperity and development of Xiamen, and also shared the fruits of the prosperity and development of the SAR.