In fact, during the ups and downs in the past few decades, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Mobile, Alibaba and other star institutions and enterprises have announced the development of independent operating systems, but most of them are based on Unix/Linux for secondary development. There have been many versions of domestic operating systems, but few have survived.
However, recently, under the influence of the domestic and international environment, the development of domestic self-developed operating systems has obviously accelerated, such as Red Flag Linux, Deep, Galaxy Kirin and other operating systems are more mature, and Huawei HarmonyOS system, Euler, Ali Dragon lizard and other domestic operating systems have appeared one after another, showing a thriving scene.
When everyone added fuel, the flame rose very high.
"If they suddenly cut off our food, Android will not need me, and Windows will not need me. Are we stupid? " Ren, founder and CEO of Huawei, once talked about it in a forum on 20 12.
Nine years later, although foreign operating system brands still almost monopolize the domestic operating system market, the progress of domestic operating systems is increasing.
Recently, Huawei released the HarmonyOS system for smartphones, tablets and computers, and the Euler system for enterprises.
Nowadays, not only old operating system manufacturers such as Kirin Software, Galaxy Kirin and Kirin Principal have launched commercial versions based on Euler, but also domestic operators are "embracing" Euler. China Telecom is the first operator in the telecom industry to adopt the Euler technology route for all its services, and also the first operator to launch a dual version of x86 and ARM based on Euler, which has been commercialized on a large scale.
Following Huawei's HarmonyOS system and Euler, ZTE also released a new fulcrum operating system, which adopts "3+ 1+N" mode, including office, entertainment, travel, 5G and intelligent driving. The new fulcrum can be regarded as ZTE's version of HarmonyOS system, which also realizes the four unification of interactive experience, interface, component and kernel version.
In addition, Alibaba Cloud released a brand-new open source operating system (Anolis OS). It is reported that the operating system of Anolis OS is positioned in the server market, and supports x86, ARM and other hardware architectures and computing scenarios. Tencent also released the Aochi Cloud native operating system at the Digital Ecology Conference.
Wang Zhijun, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that the domestic operating system has gradually got rid of the dilemma of lack of technology and ecology, and gained large-scale application and market recognition in key industries.
There are many "soft chimneys"
Although more and more enterprises begin to enter the field of operating systems, and the domestic operating systems developed by various manufacturers are also widely used in some fields, many operating systems in these different fields are separated from each other, forming a "soft chimney", which leads to the inability to get through the ecology between operating systems and the difficulty in coordination between different scenarios. This is the biggest challenge facing the digital transformation of enterprises at present.
Liao Xiangke, an academician of China Academy of Engineering and deputy director of the National Software Engineering Teaching Committee, also believes that China's basic software is highly dispersed in various industries, lacking unified standards and platforms, and it is difficult to achieve * * * sharing of software and hardware technologies, which leads to numerous chimneys within and between industries, seriously slowing down the digitalization process, and the demand for standardization, modularization and platformization of industries is increasingly urgent.
Yang Tao added that in the past, in the fixed Internet era, including the Linux era, the development of operating systems was very strong on the terminal side and relatively weak on the cloud side. But now the terminal based on Android system is weak and the cloud is strong. In the era of pan-artificial intelligence, the end cloud is integrated, and we emphasize more on distribution. For example, the cooperation between cars, roads and sides in the future autonomous driving field is very important.
Deng Taihua said that the future digital society should be based on the full scene collaboration of end, edge and cloud. An application development should be able to adapt to a variety of scenarios. It can't be said that a set of applications has been developed on this chimney and adapted on another chimney. Applications that are not compatible with each other must be redeveloped. Therefore, we are a new adaptation, and we can build a new operating system for the future without historical burdens.
Deng Taihua emphasized: "The existing ecology has both advantages and disadvantages, and it is always relatively difficult to change one's life. The existing ecology is built by different leading enterprises. We do different operating systems to rebuild a new ecology, not simply copy and imitate. "
Open source is a positive solution.
How to break the "soft chimney", open source or positive solution.
Yang Tao said, we see that what we can achieve great influence on a global scale at present, except the original traditional operating system, what we can see at present is successful and promising, all of which are built in an open source way. This is because the workload of the whole operating system is huge, which cannot be completed by a company or an organization. It must be built with the scientific and technological strength of all mankind.
As representatives of domestic high-tech industries, Huawei and Ali both expressed their desire to open source when releasing their own operating systems. Not only is it open source, but in just one month, Huawei and Ali successively announced that they would donate their independently developed operating systems to the Open Source Foundation.
Recently, Huawei donated all the codes, brand trademarks, community infrastructure and other related assets of Euler's open source operating system to the Open Source Foundation. According to Ma Tao, director of Dragon lizard community and head of Alibaba Cloud operating system, Dragon lizard donated all the source codes and trademarks of the system to the Open Source Foundation. "It is equivalent to donating everything from face to lining." Ma Tao said.
"Everyone is more ecological, and I think it is very scientific to compare' trees'. It has many roots, "said Yang Tao. "For example, Huawei is an important root system and has contributed very important capabilities. The branches and fruits on it are different, so that it can grow into a big tree. "
In this regard, Liao Xiangke said that open source is an important way of software technology innovation, especially for the development of basic software such as operating system. At present, it is the most feasible way to make full use of open source, participate in open source, support open source and develop operating system to become bigger and stronger together. At present, most domestic operating systems are developed on the basis of overseas upstream open source communities, and a large number of software developers are making contributions to overseas open source communities. We urgently need to establish an open source community rooted in China, cultivate a good soil and environment, and create a sustainable and innovative place for the industry.
He stressed that we need to establish a unified operating system community, form innovative vitality, change from decentralization to cohesion to solve key problems and avoid differentiation and fragmentation. At the same time, a unified community needs to realize open governance, absorb the strength of the whole industry extensively, coordinate organically in a reasonable community governance framework and mechanism, and maximize the joint efforts of all parties.
At the same time, Deng Taihua also reminded that China is a big country in open source application, but it is not a big country in open source contribution, and there is still a big gap between the basic ability of our entire open source system and the leading countries. However, we have the largest open source application market and the largest supply of software talents. Demand side and supply side are the strongest, and we are most qualified to become an open source power.