1. Fund dividends
Many fund contracts will stipulate that the fund needs to pay dividends to investors after meeting certain conditions. Dividends usually lead to a sharp decline in the net value of funds in the short term.
2. Investment losses
Fund investment is actually that investors hand over funds to fund companies and fund managers for management and operation. Taking bond funds as an example, fund managers mainly use funds for bond investment, and the bond investment return obtained is one of the expected sources of income of the fund. If a bond has special circumstances and the fund manager holds the bond in a heavy position, the net value may fall.
3. Large redemption
If a small-scale fund encounters large redemption, the net value of the fund will also be greatly affected. The net redemption value of the fund is accurate to five decimal places according to four rooms and five, so there is a certain error in redemption accounting. Once a large number of redemptions are encountered and the fund scale is small, this error will become obvious, resulting in a significant decline in the net redemption value of the fund.
Fund, in English, refers to a certain amount of funds set up for a certain purpose. It mainly includes trust and investment funds, provident funds, insurance funds, retirement funds and funds of various foundations.
From the accounting point of view, capital is a narrow concept, which refers to funds with specific purposes and uses. The fund we are talking about mainly refers to the securities investment fund.
Classification:
According to different standards, securities investment funds can be divided into different types:
(1) According to whether the fund unit can be increased or redeemed, it can be divided into open-end funds and closed-end funds. Open-end funds are not traded on the market (as the case may be), but are purchased and redeemed by banks, brokers and fund companies, and the fund scale is not fixed; Closed-end funds have a fixed duration and are generally listed and traded on the stock exchange. Investors buy and sell fund shares through the secondary market.
(2) According to different organizational forms, it can be divided into corporate funds and contractual funds. A fund is established by issuing fund shares to establish an investment fund company, which is usually called a corporate fund; The establishment of fund managers, fund custodians and investors through fund contracts is usually called contractual funds. China's securities investment funds are all contractual funds.
(3) According to the different investment risks and returns, it can be divided into growth funds, income funds and balanced funds.
(4) According to different investors, it can be divided into bond funds, stock funds, money funds and hybrid funds.