Wu, Director of Social Development Science and Technology Department of Ministry of Science and Technology, Chief Engineer of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee and Zhuang, Secretary of Fengxian District Committee, delivered speeches respectively. David Jen, Senior Strategic Advisor of Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in China, and Lance Rodwald, Senior Advisor of China CDC, Acting Head of Beijing Representative Office; Lan Xue, Dean of Tsinghua University Schwarczman Scholars College and Director of Tsinghua University China Science and Technology Policy Research Center; Xu Jianrong, Director of World Health Foundation in China and Chief Representative of Shanghai Representative Office; David Kaslow, global vice president and chief scientific officer of PATH and chairman of WHO vaccine product development advisory committee, made special reports respectively. (in the order of speaking).
The main speech delivered at the meeting
China Senior Strategic Advisor of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Acting Head of Beijing Representative Office.
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation cooperates with China.
1. As the largest charitable foundation in the world, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has been committed to providing financial support in human health and disease prevention, public education and helping poor countries increase agricultural production since its establishment.
In 2.20 19, the number of employees in the foundation worldwide reached 1602, and the total funding reached $5 1 billion. Since its establishment, the total funding has reached US$ 55.2 billion (as of the fourth quarter of 20 19).
3. The core strategy of the Foundation is innovation and cooperation to improve the health and well-being of the poorest people in the world by supporting innovation and establishing new partnerships. In terms of innovation, support the accelerated research and development of innovative products, tools and solutions, and explore effective promotion models; In terms of cooperation, we will further establish and strengthen new multilateral partnerships, pool the strength of the public and private sectors, raise funds for key issues, and promote long-term system changes. .
4. In the future, we also look forward to working with our partners in China to promote the healthy development of China and the world. On the one hand, it will continue to support China in coping with domestic challenges and improving the health level of the whole people; On the other hand, it also supports China to give full play to its advantages in resources, innovation and professional fields, become a stronger global health and development partner, and make greater contributions to global health and development.
Lance Rodwald, Senior Advisor, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
Scientific and Technological Innovation and Global Health Governance
1. Vaccine plays an important role in disease control, elimination and eradication. Vaccines have greatly reduced human diseases and deaths through direct protection and active immunization, indirect protection, direct protection and passive immunization, and post-exposure prevention. At the same time, vaccines also greatly save social medical and social costs.
2. The vaccine is not perfect. No vaccine is as effective as 100% (usually 95%), and no vaccine is as safe as 100%. Vaccines can also cause shock, allergies and other adverse reactions.
3. The primary target product of coronavirus pneumonia-19 vaccine should ensure that the effective performance of preventing COVID-19 infection after vaccination reaches 70%, and the secondary product should ensure that the effective performance of vaccination reaches 50%. In this sense, the vaccine we are currently conducting clinical trials has achieved the expected goal.
4. Once the coronavirus pneumonia-19 has a vaccine supply, the target population can be vaccinated in stages, in which many factors such as basic services, occupational risks, medical risks and transmission risks need to be considered.
In a word, immunization is the safest and most reliable way to prevent diseases for people of all ages, and the investment around immunization is also a high-return investment for the government and society. Coronavirus pneumonia vaccine will definitely play a role in controlling the COVID-19 epidemic.
Lan Xue, director of Schwarczman Scholars Program in Tsinghua University, director of China Science and Technology Policy Research Center in Tsinghua University.
Global health risk management in post-epidemic situation
1. Health risks under globalization have a series of characteristics. First of all, they pose a direct threat to human society. Second, the global movement of people and goods will directly lead to the uncontrollable risk spread; Third, due to the differences in health conditions and institutional mechanisms, countries have different strategies to deal with risks; Fourth, one country is not safe and all countries are not safe. Therefore, preventing and controlling global health risks requires global action.
2. The differences in political, economic and social systems among countries have brought great challenges to the prevention and control of global health risks. Therefore, we advocate health risk management centered on risk factors and adopt different prevention and control strategies according to different risk levels. Global anti-epidemic needs to have the same ideas and strategies, and adopt flexible measures and paths through risk analysis, risk decision-making and risk communication.
3. At present, the prevention and control of COVID-19 in China has entered the stage of low-risk management. That is, on the one hand, the epidemic situation has been basically controlled, but the possibility of local outbreaks still exists; On the other hand, although our understanding of the virus is deepening, we still don't fully grasp it.
4. The prevention strategy based on comprehensive risk analysis should strengthen the research on the risk of emerging infectious diseases and the effectiveness of prevention and control measures for emerging infectious diseases, strengthen the communication of social risks of emerging infectious diseases, and formulate public policies for emerging infectious diseases.
5. Global health governance cooperation, on the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen scientific research cooperation in the global health field, including understanding of virus characteristics, cooperation and exchanges in research and development, production and supply of therapeutic drugs; On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen global coordination and cooperation in response to the epidemic, including acknowledging the differences in risk acceptance and implementation of prevention and control strategies among countries, conducting exchanges around different prevention and control strategies among countries, and formulating coordination mechanisms for prevention and control strategies among countries and risk standards for the exchange of people and goods among countries.
Xu Jianrong, Director of World Health Foundation in China and Chief Representative of Shanghai Representative Office.
Maternal and child health and global health
1. The World Health Foundation was established in 1958. As an internationally renowned public welfare organization for health education, it aims to help people help themselves for a long time, save human lives, alleviate the suffering of patients, help communities improve medical care, and devote itself to core areas such as infectious diseases, women's and children's health, disaster relief, chronic diseases, and medical system construction.
2. Today, the Foundation has carried out more than 80 medical training and health education projects, and cooperated with more than 35 countries in the world, among which China is one. 1983 was invited by the Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Medical University to become the first international public welfare organization engaged in health charity in China.
3. Since the founding of New China, the health status of women and children in China has undergone earth-shaking changes. According to the data of "20 19 Report on the Development of Maternal and Child Health in China", from1912018, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old, infant mortality rate and newborn mortality rate in China decreased by 88.2%, 87.8% and 86.2% respectively.
4. The cooperation between the Foundation and Shanghai Children's Medical Center should be regarded as a relatively successful case. Shanghai Children's Medical Center 1989 started construction, and 1998 officially opened. The Foundation invested $37 million to build hospitals, and the follow-up education and training amounted to 6,543.8 billion yuan. In addition, it also participated in the development of various disciplines, introduced advanced knowledge, skills and equipment into children's centers, and actively played the role of consultants.
5. At present, the Children's Medical Center has 1.500 beds and two campuses, covering an area of 1.64 mu and a building area of 1.38 million square meters. In 2065, it passed the international quality certification, 438+00, and the number of projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ranked first among similar specialized hospitals in China.
David Kaslow, Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Vaccine Product Development of the World Health Organization and Global Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer of PATH.
The role of vaccine in global health and effective cooperation in vaccine development and introduction
As a non-profit international organization, 1. PATH improves people's health by improving technology, strengthening systems and encouraging healthy behaviors.
2. At present, PATH has more than 65,438+0,400 employees in more than 70 countries around the world, and is committed to promoting international cooperation in the fields of vaccines, medicines, diagnostics, devices and health systems.
3.PATH's success in promoting innovation in vaccine field lies not only in financial support, but also in his cooperative network, including scientists, government and health departments, as well as vaccine manufacturers.
4. In order to get the support of prevention and control, PATH is cooperating with relevant research institutions to further estimate the cost of screening and prevention and develop new screening tools.
This article was compiled by Zhang Mizhi, an associate researcher in the Statistical Evaluation Research Office of Shanghai Institute of Science. The views of the article do not represent those of the organizers.