Housing accumulation fund is a hot topic. Some people think that the housing provident fund system is unfair and advocate the abolition of housing provident fund. However, Zheng Bingwen believes that from the perspective of efficiency and fairness, the performance of housing provident fund is not bad, which has played a role in alleviating housing difficulties for employees, and its historical mission has not ended.
Zheng Bingwen is worried that the abolition of the provident fund system may mean that some government agencies will return to welfare housing distribution, which will be even more unfair.
At this year's National "Two Sessions", Zheng Bingwen also proposed in the proposal that the Regulations on Unemployment Insurance should be revised as soon as possible, the unemployment insurance system should be reformed, and the restrictions on unemployed migrant workers receiving unemployment insurance benefits should be relaxed.
After the third-tier cities paid the down payment, the provident fund loan basically solved the problem of buying a house.
Zheng Bingwen believes that the evaluation of housing provident fund should be examined from two aspects: efficiency and fairness. "The first is that the benefit rate is relatively high." He explained that since the establishment of the provident fund system, 33.35 million individual housing loans have been issued, one third of which are dual employees, that is, about 55 million people have benefited. Among the actual depositors of 654.38+44 billion, 38% became housing lenders, which is a relatively high proportion.
Secondly, the average mortgage is as high as 400,000 yuan. From 2065438 to 2008, 2.53 million individual housing loans were granted, with the amount of 1.02 trillion yuan, with an average of 400,000 yuan each. After paying the down payment in the third-tier cities, the problem of employees buying houses was basically solved.
Thirdly, a year's loan can save employees 200 billion interest. The interest rate of provident fund loans is relatively low, 3.25% for more than five years, which is lower than the benchmark interest rate of commercial personal housing loans by 1.65 ~ 2 percentage points. Loans issued in 2065,438+08 alone will save employees 202 billion yuan in interest. According to the average loan term of 65,438+00 years, each loan will save 80,000 yuan in interest expenses.
Zheng Bingwen also mentioned that the management fee of housing provident fund comes from the management fee. There are 342 provident fund management centers, 3,439 service outlets and 44,000 employees in China. 2065,438+065,438+07 billion yuan, and the cost of comprehensive asset management per 100 million yuan is only 265,438+00,000 yuan. "This is a rare self-supporting welfare system in China, while almost all other contributory and non-contributory welfare systems have financial support, including the National Social Security Fund Council."
The transparency of the provident fund system is very good, and the proportion of employees in private enterprises is constantly increasing.
In reality, the proportion of housing accumulation fund paid by different industries and enterprises is different. So, is the housing provident fund system fair?
In this regard, Zheng Bingwen analyzed in the proposal that the coverage of housing provident fund is gradually expanding. By the end of 20 18, the paid-in provident fund was1440,000. Among comparable social insurance, except medical care and old-age care, unemployment insurance covers1960,000, and maternity insurance is 204 million, which is more compulsory than housing provident fund. Other payment systems cover fewer people, for example, enterprise annuities cover less than 24 million people.
"The proportion of employees paid by private enterprises has been increasing." Zheng Bingwen introduced that among the 65.438+0.44 billion depositors, 365.438+0% came from government institutions, 20% from state-owned enterprises, 365.438+0% from private enterprises, 8% from foreign capital, and the remaining 65.438+00% were private, collective and collective enterprises. "In 2065438+2008, there were 9.9 million new accounts opened in the provident fund, of which private enterprises accounted for 50%, with 9.94 million, which shows that the development trend of the provident fund is further improving."
Zheng Bingwen also mentioned that the transparency of the provident fund is very good. The "annual report" published to the whole society every year has complete information, including the proportion of deposits divided by the nature of the unit (civil servants, institutions, state-owned enterprises, collective enterprises, etc.). ), provident fund extraction by type (extraction reason, number of people, proportional amount), various loan types (housing type, area, number of units, etc.). ), support the construction of affordable housing pilot loans, business revenue and expenditure and value-added income, provincial housing loans and value-added income. "This is the most transparent in the national paid and unpaid welfare system."
To alleviate the housing difficulties of employees, the historical mission of provident fund has not ended.
According to the newspaper, since February this year, the dispute over the retention or abolition of housing provident fund has once again been raging. Recently, the State Council explicitly "reformed the housing provident fund system" and denied the simple "abolished the provident fund system".
In an interview with Red Star News reporter, Zheng Bingwen admitted that there are many problems in provident fund, but from the above two perspectives of efficiency and fairness, the performance of provident fund is not very bad, which has played a role in alleviating the housing difficulties of employees, and its historical mission has not ended.
"People who are employed in the central ministries and commissions and governments and institutions at all levels in the first, second and third tier cities are under great pressure to buy a house every year, and at the same time bear the function of running the state machine. The abolition of the provident fund means that they have the possibility of solving the housing problem and returning to welfare housing allocation, which will be even more unfair. "
Zheng Bingwen said that the provident fund system currently exposes two biggest problems: the return on investment is too low, and it can't outrun inflation, and the bookkeeping interest rate of paid employees is lower; The overall planning level is too low, and the areas with high loan ratio (99.5% in Tianjin) and low loan ratio (78% in Qinghai) cannot be adjusted.
"Provident funds should speed up the pace of reform, rather than spending money on food." Zheng Bingwen put forward four solutions in the proposal: first, improve the overall planning level, strengthen regional integration and improve the rate of return; Second, the whole system was transformed into a national housing provident fund management company and became an independent legal person of non-bank financial institutions; Thirdly, it is reorganized into the National Housing Bank (the idea of China Postal Savings Bank); The fourth is to merge with enterprise annuity.
Zheng Bingwen told Red Star journalists that the first one is the easiest to achieve, that is, without changing the system, adding some mechanisms and functions and optimizing the structure.
It is suggested that the Unemployment Insurance Regulations should be revised as soon as possible to relax the restrictions on the collection of unemployed migrant workers.
At the two sessions this year, Zheng Bingwen also proposed in the proposal to amend the Unemployment Insurance Regulations as soon as possible. He analyzed that for a long time, China's unemployment insurance system has three major ills: the "unemployment benefit rate" (the proportion of people receiving unemployment benefits to the unemployed population) is too low; The "participation benefit rate" (the proportion of the number of people receiving unemployment benefits to the number of people participating in the insurance) continues to decline; The unemployment insurance fund is getting bigger and bigger.
"In 2004, the accumulated balance of the fund was only 40 billion yuan, which increased to 580 billion yuan in 20 18, and increased by 15 times in 15. This figure is still the result of the continuous increase in the expenditure scope of various items such as employment training and employment security subsidies since 2006, and the reduction of fees for five consecutive years since 20 15. Otherwise, Zheng Bingwen suggested that we should break the routine and distribute unemployment benefits to all unemployed people in the country, so that the role of unemployment insurance can return to the "origin".
"Even at the cost of cleaning up 580 billion yuan of unemployment insurance benefits, even so, unemployment insurance will not hurt the bones. The average monthly income of the unemployment insurance system is 654.38+000 billion yuan, which can be recovered in one year. "
Zheng Bingwen also mentioned that the conditions for receiving unemployment benefits stipulated in the current Unemployment Insurance Regulations are very strict. For example, the restriction that employment will not be interrupted by people's will has caused some unavoidable practical problems in the actual implementation process: many enterprises often force workers to resign voluntarily by means of salary reduction and post adjustment, which not only avoids the constraints of large-scale layoffs, but also avoids paying economic compensation. At the same time, workers are unwilling to record the dismissal in their personal files.
Therefore, he suggested amending the Unemployment Insurance Ordinance as soon as possible and reforming the unemployment insurance system. "More urgently, the restrictions on unemployed migrant workers receiving unemployment insurance should be relaxed."
(The original title is "Abolishing provident fund? CPPCC member Zheng Bingwen: If it is cancelled, it will be more unfair for some units to return to welfare housing allocation ").