After World War II, Japan's economy developed rapidly. After decades of efforts, its per capita GNP surpassed Switzerland in 1994, reaching more than $3 1000, ranking first in the world. There are many reasons for Japan's high economic development, and we can't ignore the importance of education. During my study abroad, I found that Japanese education has the following characteristics. Education system: Higher education in Japan mainly includes four categories. Universities, short-term universities, junior colleges and junior colleges, and universities also have large colleges (graduate schools). According to statistics, by 1990, the total number of Japanese universities was 507, including 96 national universities, 39 public universities and 372 private universities, accounting for 73.4%. The proportion of students in private schools is 75.4%, which shows that private universities occupy a very important position in modern higher education in Japan. Japan is a highly legalized society, and education is no exception. It can be said that guiding and controlling higher education through educational laws and regulations, implementing decentralization and democratic running of schools, and respecting individual educational opportunities are the consistent policies of post-war Japanese higher education. Professor's principle: In school management, the internal administration of Japanese state-owned and public institutions of higher learning is different from that of private institutions of higher learning, but it is reflected in both state-owned and private institutions of higher learning? Professor running a school? The principle of. National or private institutions of higher learning in Japan have councils or professors' councils, which are the highest authority of the school and are mainly composed of prestigious professors. The professor will be responsible for hearing a series of major issues such as the discipline setting, school-running policy, personnel system, budget settlement, fund disposal, dissolution and merger. Professors' enjoyment and dismissal: Part-time jobs and re-employment after retirement are common in Japanese universities. This kind of part-time course can break the boundary between public and private universities, facilitate academic exchanges and reduce expenses. On the other hand, private universities employ retired professors from national universities to continue teaching by using the system that the retirement age is later than that of national universities. This measure gives full play to the knowledge advantages of relevant personnel to a certain extent, so that a professional course can be explained by the best professors, and schools that accept retired professors can gain the technical experience accumulated by professors for decades, thus creating their own new disciplines. Because generally speaking, professors in national universities have rich teaching experience and scientific research results. Extracurricular activities and employment: Japanese students' extracurricular activities are rich in content, and there are various student organizations, such as golf clubs, fishing clubs, various hobby parties, stamp collecting parties, music lovers' associations and so on. When it comes to campus celebrations and big festivals, all kinds of organizations appear in succession, with performances, singing, writing, guiding and performing. Students' snacks gathered in the campus, and for a time, the campus became as lively as fairs and temple fairs. At the same time, in order to guide students to obtain employment or further study smoothly, Japanese universities, in addition to specialized? Welcome area? In addition, the tutors also have their own professional employment information over the years, including a special book on the employment of female students in previous years. The school also publishes a special issue to announce the employment situation of all graduates in that year in time, which is conducive to the students who are about to graduate to prepare earlier and arrange their future better and more fully. Educational methods and research: Today's Japanese universities not only impart basic knowledge and skills, but also pay special attention to introducing and researching new information, knowledge and technology in the world. Most courses in many universities do not use textbooks, but designate reference books. Students read a large number of reference books according to the requirements of professors and gain extensive knowledge. Students must judge the truth, evaluate the pros and cons, decide on the trade-offs and draw their own conclusions through their own independent thinking. This process is actually a process of repeated learning, learning and acquiring new knowledge, and gradually developing students' independent and creative thinking ability. The research institutions of Japanese universities are part of the whole Japanese research institutions, and the Ministry of Education is specifically responsible for leading the research work of universities. The research fund of the Ministry of Education is the most extensive and important source of funds to support scientific research in colleges and universities. In addition, Japan has a large number of consortia and foundations supporting scientific research. A prestigious professor can get 5-6 funds for a research. Adequate funds ensure the smooth progress of basic research. In terms of research nature, Japanese universities are mainly engaged in basic scientific research. What is the basic unit engaged in teaching and scientific research? Lecture? . Each lecture consists of a professor, an associate professor, a lecturer and a teaching assistant (assistant), as well as a number of graduate students studying for master's and doctoral degrees. Set up a research group that combines the old with the young and has sufficient reserve forces. In addition, many senior students participated in the relevant experimental research work, and the experimental time for senior students to complete their graduation thesis was about half a year or nearly a year. Japanese laboratories have many foreign exchanges, and often take advantage of foreign scholars' visits to Japan or attending academic conferences to invite foreign counterparts to visit and exchange. These activities are compact and pragmatic, and the content is purely academic exchange. Tea and coffee sandwiches can be provided without wasting money and time, but they are also beneficial. A major feature of Japanese research work is practicality and high efficiency. This is based on efficient socialized service and perfect logistics support. In Japan, scholars with more achievements can get the support of scientific research funds from various channels and can go abroad for academic activities conveniently. They often attend domestic academic conferences, keep abreast of other people's research progress and introduce their own work, and can buy instruments and equipment needed for scientific research in time. This can promote more achievements and form a virtuous circle. Developed document guarantee system: In terms of document service, Japanese universities have established a relatively perfect service system for mutual utilization. All libraries have automatic coin-operated photocopiers for readers to use at any time. The document retrieval system is also operated by readers themselves. If you need to go to other libraries to inquire and copy documents, you only need to fill out a form in our library and give it to the staff, and you can get the books you need or copy documents in a week or so. Then pay for it. These thoughtful and meticulous services and conscientious work styles ensure that college teachers can devote their main time and energy to teaching and scientific research and become the driving force to promote the development of the whole society.